Lu Mei,Zhao Jixia,Li Yongmei,et al.Effects of Intercropping of Maize and Potato on Rhizosphere Soil Enzyme Activity and Aggregate Stability[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(06):123-132.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.06.008]
玉米间作马铃薯对根际土壤酶活性及团聚体稳定性的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Intercropping of Maize and Potato on Rhizosphere Soil Enzyme Activity and Aggregate Stability
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2023)06-0123-10
- 关键词:
- 间作; 酶活性; 球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白; 团聚体稳定性; 农艺性状
- Keywords:
- intercropping; enzymatic activity; glomalin-related soil protein; soil aggregate stability; agronomic character
- 分类号:
- S152.4; S157.4+3
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]阐明影响水稳性团聚体稳定性的主要因素,为云南省红壤坡耕地综合治理提供科技支撑。[方法]设置玉米单作、马铃薯单作、玉米与马铃薯间作3个处理,分析了间作对作物根际土壤养分含量、酶活性、球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白(GRSP)含量、团聚体组成和稳定性的影响,以及对作物的农艺性状及产量的影响。[结果](1)相比于单作,玉米与马铃薯间作不仅能使马铃薯根际土壤中的有机质、速效磷含量分别显著增加了13.53%,46.53%(p<0.05),而且能使两种作物根际土壤的总球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白(T-GRSP)和易提取球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白(EE-GRSP)含量均有增加趋势,其中玉米的差异性达显著水平(p<0.05)。(2)相比于单作,玉米与马铃薯间作可以显著增加两种作物根际土壤的脲酶、酸性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性,以及>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量(R0.25)和平均质量直径(MWD)值(p<0.05),玉米的增幅为17.63%～41.29%,马铃薯的增幅为10.81%～34.79%。(3)相比于单作,玉米与马铃薯间作均可显著增加两种作物的地上部和根系的干重(p<0.05)。玉米与马铃薯间作时土地当量比为1.81>1,具有间作产量优势。(4)相关性分析得出,EE-GRSP、T-GRSP、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶均与R0.25,MWD呈显著正相关关系(p<0.05)。冗余分析得出,各指标对团聚体指标的影响由大到小分别为过氧化氢酶>脲酶>EE-GRSP>酸性磷酸酶>T-GRSP,其中,过氧化氢酶是影响土壤团聚体组成和稳定的主要影响因子。[结论]玉米与马铃薯间作不仅能促进两种作物根际土壤的物质循环、增加团聚体的大粒级含量和稳定性,还能促进两种作物地上部和根系生长,这对于云南省红壤坡耕地合理间作作物的选择具有重要意义。
- Abstract:
- [Objective] The aims of this study are to clarify the main factors affecting the stability of water-stable aggregates, and provide the scientific and technological support for the comprehensive management of red soil slope farmland in Yunnan Province. [Methods] Three treatments of maize monoculture, potato monoculture and maize and potato intercropping were set up to analyze the effects of intercropping on crop rhizosphere soil nutrient content, enzyme activity, glomalin-related soil protein(GRSP)content, aggregate composition and stability, as well as the agronomic traits and yield of crops. [Results](1)Compared with monoculture, intercropping of maize and potato not only significantly increased the content of organic matter and available phosphorus in the rhizosphere soil of potato by 13.53% and 46.53%(p<0.05), respectively, but also increased the contents of total glomalin-related soil protein(T-GRSP)and easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein(EE-GRSP)in rhizosphere soil of two crops, and the difference of maize reached a significant level(p<0.05).(2)Compared with monoculture, maize and potato intercropping could significantly increase the activities of urease, acid phosphatase and catalase in the rhizosphere soil of the two crops, as well as the content of >0.25 mm water-stable aggregates(R0.25)and mean mass diameter(MWD)of soil. The increase rates were 17.63%～41.29% for maize and 10.81%～34.79% for potato.(3)Compared with monoculture, intercropping of maize and potato significantly increased the shoot and root dry weights of both crops(p<0.05). The land equivalent ratio of maize and potato was 1.81>1, which had the advantage of intercropping yield.(4)Correlation analysis showed that EE-GRSP, T-GRSP, urease, acid phosphatase and catalase were significantly positively correlated with R0.25 and MWD(p<0.05). Redundancy analysis showed that the effects of each index on aggregate indexes followed the order: catalase>urease>EE-GRSP>acid phosphatase>T-GRSP, among which catalase was the main factor affecting the composition and stability of soil aggregates. [Conclusion] Intercropping of maize and potato can not only promote the material circulation of rhizosphere soil of two crops, increase the large-size content and stability of aggregates, but also promote the growth of aboveground and root of two crops, which is of great significance for the selection of reasonable intercropping crops in red soil sloping farmland in Yunnan Province.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2022-09-12 修回日期:2022-09-28
资助项目:国家自然科学基金(41661063); 云南省科技重大专项子课题(2019ZG00902-08)
第一作者:芦美(1996—),女,贵州安顺人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为水土保持。E-mail:aslumei@163.com
通信作者:范茂攀(1977—),男,云南曲靖人,博士,教授,主要从事土壤与水土保持研究。E-mail:mpfan@126.com