LI Shangfei,GE Wenyan,WANG Fei.Characteristics of Drought Events and Their Impacts on Vegetation in Northern China from 1982 to 2019[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(03):251-259.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.03.017]
1982—2019年中国北方干旱事件特征及其对植被的影响
- Title:
- Characteristics of Drought Events and Their Impacts on Vegetation in Northern China from 1982 to 2019
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2023)03-0251-09
- Keywords:
- SPEI; run theory; drought events; NDVI standardization anomaly
- 分类号:
- P463.22
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]探究中国北方干旱事件及其对植被的影响,对干旱风险评估及降低干旱对生态系统的影响具有重要意义。[方法]基于标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI)分析了1982—2019年中国北方干旱的时空分布特征,并运用游程理论对中国北方干旱响应敏感区的典型干旱事件进行识别和表征,在时空尺度上进一步探讨了不同干旱事件对归一化植被指数(NDVI)标准化异常(SANDVI)的影响。[结果]38年来,中国北方的气候干旱持续加重(斜率SPEI=-0.001 2/月,p<0.01),主要集中在新疆中东部、青海北部以及内蒙古东部。高频次、短历时、中低强度的干旱事件主要发生在中国北方的南部地区,北部地区则以低频次、长历时、高强度的干旱事件为主。中国北方干旱响应敏感区共发生10次典型干旱事件,不同干旱事件的干旱特征间存在较大差异。在干旱事件对植被生长态势的影响方面可以初步判定,对于一次干旱事件,当干旱持续时间不超过3个月时,干旱强度对植被生长过程起主要影响作用; 当干旱持续时间超过3个月后,干旱烈度开始发挥主要影响作用。[结论]只有当干旱持续时间超过一定范围后,前期干旱的累积与滞后效应才会逐渐体现,后续干旱的持续会导致植被生产力的显著下降。该结论为中国北方地区的生态保护提供了理论支持。
- Abstract:
- [Objective]Exploring the characteristics of drought events and their impacts on vegetation in northern china is of great significance for drought risk assessment and reducing the impact of drought on ecosystems. [Methods] Based on the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI), the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of drought in northern China from 1982 to 2019 were analyzed, the typical drought events in drought response sensitive areas in northern China were identified and characterized by using the run theory, and the impacts of different drought events on the normalized vegetation index(NDVI)standardized anomaly(SANDVI)on the temporal and spatial scale were further discussed. [Results] Over the past38 years, the climate drought in northern China had continued to worsen(slopeSPEI=-0.001 2/month, p<0.01), and mainly concentrated in the middle east of Xinjiang, the north of Qinghai and the east of Inner Mongolia. Drought events with high frequency, short duration and medium and low intensity mainly occurred in the south of northern China, while drought events with low frequency, long duration and high intensity mainly occurred in the north. During the study period, 10 typical drought events occurred in the drought response sensitive area of northern China, and there were great differences in the drought characteristics of different drought events. In terms of the impact of drought events on vegetation growth, it could be preliminarily determined that for a drought event, when the drought duration was no more than 3 months, the drought intensity played the major role in the vegetation growth process; when the drought lasted more than 3 months, the drought severity began to play a major role. [Conclusion] Only when the drought duration exceeds a certain range, the accumulation and lag effect of early drought will be gradually reflected, and the subsequent drought will lead to a significant decline in vegetation productivity. This conclusion can provide theoretical support for ecological protection in northern China.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2021-11-28 修回日期:2022-03-29
资助项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41771558); 中国科学院国际伙伴计划(16146KYSB20200001)
第一作者:李尚飞(1997—),男,山东济宁人,硕士研究生,主要从事气候变化和流域综合管理研究。E-mail:2570343@163.com
通信作者:王飞(1971—),男,陕西咸阳人,博士,研究员,主要从事水土保持环境效应评价与流域综合管理研究。E-mail:wafe@ms.iswc.ac.cn