CUI Guoyi,ZHANG Yan,CHAO Yang,et al.Land Use Change and Eco-Environmental Effects in Qinling Mountains in Recent 40 Years[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(01):319-326.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.20220301.002]
秦岭地区近40年土地利用变化及其生态环境效应
- Title:
- Land Use Change and Eco-Environmental Effects in Qinling Mountains in Recent 40 Years
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2023)01-0319-08
- 分类号:
- F301.2; X171
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为探究秦岭地区的土地利用和生态环境效应的时空变化,基于1980—2018年的土地利用数据,通过生态环境质量指数、地统计分析、冷热点分析等方法,对秦岭土地利用的时空演变特征及其生态环境效应的时空分异性,以及影响生态环境质量的主要土地利用转型及贡献率进行了研究。结果表明:(1)秦岭地区耕地面积持续减少427 km2,建设用地面积大幅上涨395 km2,其余地类变化较小;(2)研究区生态环境质量指数稳定在0.557～0.559,在研究时段内整体有所下降。空间分布格局呈现“中部高,南北低”的特征;(3)生态环境质量改善区主要分布在华阴市北部、商南县北部等8个热点区域,生态环境恶化区主要分布在商州区的南部、长安区北部等10个冷点区域。(4)旱地转化为草地、林地等生态用地是生态环境质量改善的主要因素; 林地退化、草地转化为旱地、旱地变为建设用地导致生态环境质量恶化。土地利用类型的转换是影响生态环境效应的主要因素,秦岭地区实施的生态修复工程取得了一定的效果。在秦岭生态保护工作中应该合理开发建设用地,并提升生态用地的质量。
- Abstract:
- To explore the land use changes and ecological environment effects in the Qinling Mountains, based on the land use data of Qinling Mountains from 1980 to 2018, we used the methods of ecological environment quality index, geo-statistical analysis, hot spot analysis and other methods to study the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of Qinling Mountains land use and the temporal and spatial differentiation of ecological environment effects, as well as the impact on the ecological environment and the quality of major land use transitions and their contribution rates. The results show that:(1)the area of cultivated land in the Qinling Mountains area continued to decrease by 427 km2, the area of construction land sharply increased by 395 km2, and the rest of the land types changed little;(2)the ecological environment quality index in the Qinling Mountains area was stable with range of 0.557～0.559, and it declined overall during the study period; the spatial distribution pattern showed the characteristics of ‘high in the middle and low in the north and south';(3)the improvement areas of ecological environment quality mainly distributed in 8 hot-spot areas including the northern part of Huayin City and the northern part of Shangnan County, and the ecological environment deterioration areas mainly distributed in Shangzhou District 10 cold-spot areas such as the southern part of the city and the northern part of Chang'an District;(4)the conversion of dry land into grassland, forest land and other ecological land was the main factor for the improvement of ecological environment quality; the degradation of forest land, conversion of grassland into dry land, and conversion of dry land into construction land led to the deterioration of ecological environment quality. The transformation of land use types is the main factor affecting the ecological environment effect, and the ecological restoration project implemented in the Qinling region has achieved certain results. In the ecological protection work of the Qinling Mountains, the construction land should be rationally developed, and the quality of the ecological land should be improved.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2021-12-22 修回日期:2022-01-14
资助项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(41971033); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(300102291507); 国家“111”引智计划项目(B08039)
第一作者:崔国屹(1996—),男,陕西西安人,硕士研究生,研究方向为生态学。E-mail:cuiguoyi1996@163.com
通信作者:张艳(1978—),女,河北沧州人,博士,副教授,研究方向为土地利用及土地生态。E-mail:zyzhangyan@chd.edu.cn