LI Dawei,DUAN Keqin,LI Shuangshuang.Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Climate Boundary Indicators in the Qinling Mountains and Its Implications[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(05):155-163.
秦岭气候分界指标时空变化特征及指示意义
- Title:
- Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Climate Boundary Indicators in the Qinling Mountains and Its Implications
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2022)05-0155-09
- Keywords:
- Qinling Mountains; climate boundary indicators; annual precipitation; temperature in January and July; trend changes
- 分类号:
- P426.6
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 秦岭不仅是中国南北方地理—生态过渡带,也是中国重要的自然、经济和农业区划界线。在当前秦岭气候增暖背景下,再识别气候分界指标时空变化规律,对科学进行自然区划实践具有重要指导意义。为了明确这一气候特征,基于秦岭山地1970—2020年126个气象站点降水、气温观测资料,选取年降水量、1月和7月均温指标,采用薄盘样条插值、趋势分析方法,对研究区年降水量、1月和7月均温时空特征进行分析,进而选择秦岭太白山、伏牛山剖面探讨气候分界指标高度的趋势变化。结果表明:(1)薄盘样条插值可获得精度较高的年降水量和1月均温序列,相关系数为0.712～0.919; 误差分析表明,7月均温插值较观测值偏差为2～3℃,得到秦岭山地7月均温校正系数为0.893,经校正插值结果显著改善(误差缩小3～6倍);(2)时空趋势上,近51 a秦岭山地东部“暖干化”、西部“暖湿化”,秦岭北部、西部增暖显著(p<0.05);(3)年降水量800 mm高度变化呈“东西反向”,1月0℃和7月25℃高度变化呈“东西同向”,西部平均速率大于东部,如年降水量800 mm高度(西部:-166 m/10 a,东部:49 m/10 a)和1月0℃高度(西部:70 m/10 a,东部:37 m/10 a);(4)1970—2020年秦岭气候分界指标位置高度沿山地呈上升或下降变化,但在2010s(2010—2019年)时段,气候分界指标位置高度北坡为800～1 400 m、南坡为800～1 300 m均未越过秦岭主脊,秦岭山地气候分界作用仍具有稳定性。
- Abstract:
- The Qinling Mountains are not only a geographical-ecological transition zone between the southern and northern regions, but also an important natural, economic and agricultural zoning boundary in China. In the context of the current warming climate of the Qinling Mountains, the re-identification of the spatial and temporal patterns of climate boundary indicators is of great guidance for the scientific practice of natural zoning. In order to clarify this climate characteristic, we selected annual precipitation, January and July mean temperature indicators based on the precipitation and temperature observation data from 126 meteorological stations in the Qinling Mountains from 1970 to 2020, and analyzed the spatial and temporal characteristics of annual precipitation, January and July mean temperature in the study area by using the thin disk smooth strip interpolation and trend analysis methods, and then selected the profiles of Taibai Mountain and Funiu Mountain in the Qinling Mountains to explore the climate boundary indicators. The results show that:(1)the interpolation of the thin disk smooth strips can obtain the annual precipitation and January mean temperature series with high accuracy, and the correlation coefficients are 0.712～0.919; the error analysis shows that the deviation of the July mean temperature interpolation value from the observed value is 2～3℃, the obtained preliminary correction coefficient for the mean temperature in July in the Qinling Mountains is 0.893, and after correction, the interpolation results are significantly improved(error reduction of 3～6 times);(2)spatial and temporal trends show that the eastern part of the Qinling Mountains had become warm and dry and the western part of the Qinling Mountains has become warm and wet in the last 51 years, and the northern and western parts of the Qinling Mountains had warmed significantly(p<0.05);(3)the height change of 800 mm annual precipitation was east-west reversed, and the height change of 0℃ in January and 25℃ in July was east-west same direction, and the average rate in the west was larger than that in the east, such as the height of 800 mm annual precipitation(West: -166 m/decade, East: 49 m/decade)and January 0℃ height(West: 70 m/decade, East: 37 m/decade);(4)from 1970 to 2020, the height of the climate boundary indicator in the Qinling Mountains had been rising or falling along the mountains, but in the 2010s(2010—2019), the height of the climate boundary indicator on the north slope was 800～1 400 m and on the south slope was 800～1 300 m without crossing the main ridge of the Qinling Mountains, and the climate boundary role in the Qinling Mountains still had stability.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2021-08-12 修回日期:2021-08-27
资助项目:国家自然科学基金项目“秦岭高海拔山地降水变化及其对水资源的影响”(41771030)
第一作者:李大伟(1998—),男,陕西西安人,硕士,主要从事区域气候变化数值模拟研究。E-mail:lidw@snnu.edu.cn
通信作者:段克勤(1970—),男,甘肃平凉人,博士,教授,主要从事全球变化研究。E-mail:kqduan@snnu.edu.cn