SHI Yakun,ZENG Yi,GUO Jinjin,et al.Effect of the New Phase of the Grain for Green Program on Grain Output on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(03):419-425.
黄土高原新一轮退耕还林草工程对粮食生产的影响
- Title:
- Effect of the New Phase of the Grain for Green Program on Grain Output on the Loess Plateau
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2022)03-0419-07
- Keywords:
- Grain for Green Program; food security; sustainable vegetation restoration; sloping cropland; scenario analysis
- 分类号:
- F326.11; F326.2
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 中国正在积极实现2030年可持续发展目标,需要用世界耕地面积7%的土地养活22%的人口,同时开展大量的生态工程以改善生态环境。然而粮食生产和植被恢复之间的土地冲突会影响植被恢复的可持续发展。通过空间分析和情景模拟描述了黄土高原区坡耕地的空间分布特征及其影响因素,预测了不同植被恢复情境下的区域粮食供应。结果表明:目前黄土高原区20°以上陡坡耕地约占坡耕地总面积的13%。陡坡耕地主要集中在黄土丘陵沟壑区,其空间分布受到经济发展水平的显著影响。与第一轮退耕还林不同,新一轮退耕还林所有退耕情景下的粮食自给率都没有下降的趋势,且都能逐渐达到0.90的粮食安全阈值。黄土高原地区可以考虑进一步退耕到20°以下,以实现更高的水土保持效益和固碳功能。但由植被恢复造成的区域粮食供应不足所引发的复耕问题仍然需要引起重视,通过更精细的规划才能保证区域粮食供应和可持续的植被恢复。
- Abstract:
- China is actively achieving the 2030 sustainable development goals, including using only 7% of the world's agricultural land to stop 22% of the world's population from going hungry and carrying out a number of national vegetation restoration projects to control climate change. However, the reduction of cropland caused by vegetation restoration may threaten food security, which may lead China to face challenges about the uncertain impact of large-scale vegetation restoration on regional food security. We analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of sloping cropland and its influencing factors on the Loess Plateau, and to predict regional food security under different vegetation restoration scenarios by using spatial statistics and scenario analysis. The results show that the cropland with slope >20°still widely distributes in the Loess Plateau, accounting for about 13% of the total area of sloping cropland; the cropland with slope>20°mainly concentrates in the loess hilly and gully region, which is significantly affected by the level of regional economic development; compared with the first phase of the Grain for Green Program, the grain self-sufficiency index under all vegetation restoration scenarios of the new phase of the Grain for Green Program has no downward trend, and can gradually reach 0.90. For this region, Further returning cropland with slopes >20° will be considered to achieve better functions of soil and water conservation and carbon sequestration. However, attention should be paid to the negative impact of insufficient regional food supply caused by vegetation restoration, especially the phenomenon of re-cultivate on restored land. Regional food security and sustainable ecological restoration can be ensured through more detailed planning.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2021-04-15 修回日期:2021-04-24
资助项目:中科院西部青年学者A类“黄土丘陵区小流域土壤有机碳输移特征”(XAB2018A03); 西北农林科技大学青年英才培育计划“土壤侵蚀与水土保持”
第一作者:时亚坤(1985—),男,河北保定人,工程师,硕士,研究方向为森林资源监测。E-mail:syksyk0317@163.com
通信作者:方怒放(1985—),男,安徽铜陵人,研究员,博士生导师,博士,主要从事水土保持研究。E-mail:fnf@ms.iswc.ac.cn