GUO Xiaofang,LI Xudong,CHENG Dongya.Spatial Distribution of Temperature and Precipitation and Its Influencing Factors in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2021,28(01):159-163.
云贵高原气温与降水空间分布特征及其影响因素
- Title:
- Spatial Distribution of Temperature and Precipitation and Its Influencing Factors in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2021)01-0159-05
- Keywords:
- temperature; precipitation; spatial interpolation; influencing factors; Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau
- 分类号:
- P423
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 云贵高原地理环境复杂,气温与降水空间差异显著,研究其气温与降水空间分布特征具有重要意义。基于1981—2010年云贵高原180个气象站的平均气温、降水数据,利用克里金法、反距离权重法、样条函数法等插值方法,探究了气温与降水空间分布特征及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)云贵高原气温空间分布总体南高北低,乌蒙山区和云南西北部的横断山区气温相对较低。(2)云贵高原降水空间分布总体在云南南部较高,云南东北和贵州西北降水相对较少,降水在局部地区受地形影响明显。(3)云贵高原气温与降水分布的各种插值平均百分比误差中,误差依次为SPLINE>TREND>OK>KED>IDW(降水),SPLINE>TREND>IDW>KED>OK(气温),气温OK,降水IDW插值精度高,效果好。(4)云贵高原海拔每上升1 000 m,气温下降范围在6.2～3.3℃,哀牢山(无量山)—横断山沿线海拔对气温的影响程度较高,但海拔对降水的影响相对复杂。
- Abstract:
- The geographical environment of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is complicated, and the spatial differences between temperature and precipitation are significant. It is of great significance to study the spatial distribution characteristics of temperature and precipitation. Based on the average temperature and precipitation data of 180 meteorological stations in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau from 1981 to 2010, the Kriging method, inverse distance weight method, and spline function method were used to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics of temperature and precipitation and their influencing factors. The results show that:(1)the spatial distribution of air temperature in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau was generally higher in the south and lower in the north, and the temperature in the Umeng Mountains and Hengduan Mountains in northwestern Yunnan was relatively low;(2)the spatial distribution of precipitation in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau was generally higher in southern Yunnan, and there was relatively less precipitation in northeast Yunnan and northwestern Guizhou; precipitation was significantly affected by topography in some areas;(3)among the various interpolation average percentage errors of temperature and precipitation distribution in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the errors decreased in the order: SPLINE>TREND>OK>KED>IDW(precipitation), SPLINE>TREND>IDW>KED>OK(temperature), temperature OK, the precipitation IDW interpolation accuracy was high and the effect was good;(4)for every 1 000 m elevation rise in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the temperature decreased from 6.2 to 3.3℃; The altitude along the Ailao Mountain(Wuliang Mountain)-Hengduan Mountain had a higher degree of influence on temperature, but the effect of altitude on precipitation was relatively complicated.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2019-12-29 修回日期:2020-03-20
资助项目:国家自然科学基金“西南山地流域城市化与生态环境的耦合关系研究——以贵州乌江流域为例”(41261039)
第一作者:郭晓芳(1995—),女,贵州思南人,在读研究生,研究方向为资源利用与低碳发展。E-mail:2633860658@qq.com
通信作者:李旭东(1969—),男,湖南邵东人,博士,教授,研究方向为人口地理与区域发展,应对气候变化与低碳经济。E-mail:616507732@qq.com