DENG Liqiang,WANG Fei,HAN Jianqiao,et al.Change of Weihe River System and Its Response to Urbanization in Guanzhong Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,27(04):256-261.
渭河关中段水系演变及其对城镇化的响应
- Title:
- Change of Weihe River System and Its Response to Urbanization in Guanzhong Area
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2020)04-0256-06
- Keywords:
- water system evolution; urbanization; Weihe River basin; Guanzhong area; remote sensing data
- 分类号:
- TV212.5
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为了探讨城市化背景下河流水系的演化特征及驱动机制,为河流系统的保护提供理论支撑。基于陕西关中地区1990年和2015年两期Landsat影像,利用ENVI和ArcGIS软件对关中段渭河水系进行提取,选取河流长度、河网密度、干流曲率、支流发育系数4个指标来分析渭河关中段河流水系的演化特征,并结合不同时期的土地利用状况,探讨了该区域快速城市化过程对河流水系演化的影响程度。结果表明:(1)1990—2015年,渭河关中段水系的河道特征简化,河流总体长度从1990年的4 194.48 km降低到2015年的3 357.8 km,且随着河流等级的降低,减少速率逐渐增大。(2)渭河水系结构呈萎缩特征,渭河干流曲率由1.99降低至1.87,Ⅱ,Ⅲ级河流发育系数也呈降低状态,且Ⅲ级河流发育系数降低速率大于Ⅱ级河流。(3)城镇化对河流水系演变的影响显著,城镇建设用地增加速率与河流水系衰减速率呈正相关关系,堤防修建、河流裁弯致使干流曲率降低,工程建设对河流的填埋则是细小河流消失的主要原因。在快速城镇化过程中,渭河关中段河流水系呈现了萎缩趋势,其主要原因在于城镇化对河流的侵占作用。因此在城镇化建设过程中,需要协调城市发展与河流保护的关系,扩宽河流治导线,加强对低等级末端河流的保护。
- Abstract:
- In order to discuss the evolution characteristics and driving mechanism of river system under the background of urbanization, and provide theoretical support for the protection of river system, based on Landsat images in 1990 and 2015, the impact of urbanization on river network and water system evolution was comprehensively analyzed by extracting the Weihe River system in Guanzhong area, selecting 4 indicators including river length, river network density, curvature of main channel and tributary development coefficient, and using land use status map of the same period. The results show that:(1)the length of Weihe River system in Guanzhong section gradually decreased from 4 194.48 km in 1990 to 3 357.8 km in 2015, and its attenuation rate gradually increased with the decrease of river grade; the density of river network decreased from 0.076 km/km2 to 0.061 km/km2;(2)in the period 1995—2015, curvature of main channel of Weihe River decreased from 1.99 to 1.87, development coefficients Ⅱ and Ⅲ tributaries also presented the decreasing trend, and reduction rate of development coefficient of the Ⅲ tributoary was greater than that of Ⅱ tributary;(3)urbanization has a significant impact on the change of river system; the increase rate of urban construction land is significantly positively correlated with the decline rate of river network system; the construction of embankments and river bends reduce the curvature of main stream. In the process of rapid urbanization, the Weihe River network water system show a shrinking trend, the main reason is impact of urbanization. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the protection of water system in the process of urbanization. The regulation lines of rivers should be widen and the protection of low-grade watercourses should be strengthened.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2019-09-28 修回日期:2019-10-10
资助项目:国家重点研发计划专题计划(2016YFC0501707); 国家自然科学基金(41807067,41771558); 陕西省水利水保科技项目(2017sbkj-01); 水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室(武汉大学)开放基金项目(2018HLG03)
第一作者:邓礼强(1995—),男,重庆人,硕士研究生,研究方向为3S技术与水土保持。E-mail:18306084916@163.com
通信作者:王飞(1971—),男,陕西户县人,博士,研究员,主要从事水土保持效益评价、荒漠化防治和气候变化研究。E-mail:wafe@ms.iswc.ac.cn