YANG Yifan,WU Faqi,DUAN Hongteng,et al.Effects of Different Tillage Measures on Physical and Chemical Properties of Gray Brown Desert Soil and Comprehensive Evaluation of Fertility in Major Wolfberry Production Areas of Qinghai[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,27(02):1-8.
青海主要枸杞产区不同耕作措施对灰棕漠土理化性质影响及肥力综合评价
- Title:
- Effects of Different Tillage Measures on Physical and Chemical Properties of Gray Brown Desert Soil and Comprehensive Evaluation of Fertility in Major Wolfberry Production Areas of Qinghai
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2020)02-0001-08
- 分类号:
- S152.3; S153.6; S158.2
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为进一步探明青海主要枸杞产区不同耕作措施下灰棕漠土的理化特性,科学评价干旱区土壤综合肥力并提高枸杞产区的生态及经济效益。以青海主要枸杞产区不同耕作措施下的枸杞地土壤为研究对象,平作露地种植为对照,研究了沟垄种植和覆膜处理对灰棕漠土的土壤颗粒组成及土壤养分的影响,采用改进的Nemerow综合指数法分析了土壤肥力。结果表明:(1)研究区土壤含沙量较高,砂粒含量为61.44%～85.59%。改善作用最好的红枸杞沟垄覆膜处理相比于对照处理土壤砂粒含量减少了39.31%。(2)研究区土壤呈现出pH值偏高,钾素正常,有机质、氮素、磷素缺乏的现状。从垂直方向来看,土壤各养分指标随土层深度的增加而降低; 不同耕作措施之间表现为,除速效磷和pH值外,其余养分指标红枸杞沟垄覆膜处理均高于其他处理,沟垄覆膜的改善作用较为明显。土壤养分指标变异系数为4.27%～50.81%,其中pH值的变异系数最小,速效氮最大,且速效养分的变异系数均大于对应的全量养分的变异系数。(3)土壤肥力综合评价值排序为:沟垄覆膜措施>平作覆膜措施>沟垄露地措施>平作露地处理。在试验区独特的气候条件下,覆膜措施相比于露地种植的提升效果优于沟垄措施相比于平地种植的提升效果。其中沟垄覆膜处理相比于对照处理土壤综合肥力指数提高了43.33%。因此,在青海主要枸杞产区,沟垄覆膜种植相较于其他耕作措施,不仅具有减弱侵蚀的作用,而且更有利于土壤保土保肥,应予以推广。
- Abstract:
- In order to further explore the physical and chemical properties of grey brown desert soil under different tillage measures in the main wolfberry production areas in Qinghai, scientifically evaluate the comprehensive soil fertility in arid areas and improve the ecological and economic benefits of the wolfberry production areas, an experiment was conducted to study the soil under the different tillage measures in the main production areas of Qinghai, and the flat land and bare land was used as the control. The soil granule composition and soil nutrient of gray-brown desert soil were studied under ridge planting and mulching treatment. The improved Nemero comprehensive index method was used to analyze soil comprehensive fertility. The results show that:(1)the soil in the study area has a high sand concentration, and the sand content ranges between 61.44% and 85.59%; content of soil sand decreases by 39.31% under the mulch film treatment compared with the control treatment;(2)the soil in the study area shows the high pH value, average potassium, and the insufficiency of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus; from the vertical direction, the soil nutrient index decreases with the increase of soil depth; the results of different tillage measures show that the nutrient indicators are higher than other treatments except for available phosphorus and pH value; the improvement effect of the furrow and mulch film is more obvious; the coefficient of variation of soil nutrient index is between 4.27% and 50.81%, among which the coefficient of variation of pH value is the smallest, the amount of available nitrogen is the largest, and the coefficient of variation of available nutrients is greater than the coefficient of variation of the corresponding total nutrient;(3)the comprehensive evaluation values of soil fertility decreased in the order: ridge-furrow and film cover>flat land and film cover>ridge-furrow and bare land>flat land and bare land. In the unique climatic conditions of the test area, the improvement effect of the mulch measures compared to the open field planting is better than that of the ridge ridge measures compared to the flat planting. Among them, the mulch treatment increases the soil comprehensive fertility index by 43.33% compared with the control treatment. Therefore, in the main wolfberry production areas of Qinghai, the furrow and mulch film planting patterns not only have the effect of reducing the erosion, but also are more conducive to the soil conservation and fertilizer conservation, and should be promoted.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2019-05-01 修回日期:2019-05-20 资助项目:“十三五”国家重点研发计划课题“河源区及干旱区降雨径流挖潜与高效利用技术”(2017YFC0403600) 第一作者:杨一凡(1995—),男,陕西铜川人,硕士,研究方向为土壤侵蚀。E-mail:493803843@qq.com 通信作者:吴发启(1957—),男,陕西黄陵人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事土壤侵蚀研究。E-mail:wufaqi@263.net