ZHAO Jinghua,HONG Ming,MA Yingjie,et al.Effect of Different Irrigation Treatments on Soil Temperature of Walnut Tree Irrigated by Drip Irrigation in Arid Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(06):327-333.
不同灌水处理对干旱区滴灌核桃树土壤温度的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Different Irrigation Treatments on Soil Temperature of Walnut Tree Irrigated by Drip Irrigation in Arid Area
- Keywords:
- drip irrigation; soil temperature; moisture content; walnut tree
- 分类号:
- S664.1;S152.8
- 摘要:
- 为探究不同灌水处理对干旱区滴灌核桃树土壤温度的影响，通过大田小区试验，研究6年生核桃树在不同灌水处理（灌水定额为15 mm滴灌C1；灌水定额为30 mm滴灌C2；灌水定额为45 mm滴灌C3；灌水定额为30 mm涌泉灌C4）对核桃树土壤温度的影响。结果表明：灌前0-20 cm的含水率对0-20 cm的土壤温度有显著影响，灌前20-40 cm的含水率对0-40 cm的土壤温度有显著影响；灌后0-20 cm土壤含水率对0-40 cm的土壤温度的影响要显著大于20-40 cm的土壤含水率对其影响。各处理各土层日均土壤温度在各生育期都呈单峰曲线。C1，C2，C3处理各层日均土壤温度随着深度增大呈先增大而后减小的趋势，而C4处理的涌泉灌各层日均温度随着深度增大呈减小趋势，且C4处理各层灌前灌后土壤温度变化幅度最大。由于灌溉方式不同，灌后C4处理土壤温度要小于C2处理。综合考虑土壤温度、产量及品质情况，灌溉定额为435 mm（C2）处理的土壤温度最稳定，产量最高，品质最好，是最有益的处理。试验结果将对核桃土壤温度和最优灌溉制度研究，提供一定的理论依据。
- Abstract:
- Based on field experiment and theoretical analysis,the effects of different irrigation treatments (The drip irrigation with the irrigation quotas of 15 mm, 30 mm, 45 mm and the bubble irrigation with an irrigation quota of 30 mm, corresponding to C1, C2, C3, C4, respectively) on soil temperature of 6-year-old walnut trees were studied. The results showed that:the water content of 0-20 cm had a significant effect on the soil temperature of 0-20 cm before irrigation, the water content of 20-40 cm had a significant effect on the soil temperature of 0-40 cm before irrigation, and the effect of soil moisture content of 0-20 cm on the soil temperature of 0-40 cm after irrigation was significantly greater than that of soil moisture of 20-40 cm; the average daily soil temperature of each soil layer showed a single peak curve at each growth stage, the average daily soil temperature of treatments of C1, C2, C3 increased first and then decreased with the increase of soil depth, while that of bubble irrigation layer of C4 treatment decreased with the increase of soil depth, and the change of soil temperature was the largest after irrigation in each layer of C4 treatment. Because of different irrigation methods, the soil temperature of C4 treatment was lower than that of C2 treatment. Considering the soil temperature, yield and quality, the irrigation quota of 435 mm (treatment C2) was the most stable, the highest yield, the best quality, which was the most beneficial quota. The results of the experiment will provide theoretical basis for the establishment of soil temperature and optimal irrigation system of walnut.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2018-12-17;改回日期:2018-12-29。
基金项目:新疆教育厅创新项目（XJEDU2017T004）；国家科技支撑计划（2011Bad29B05）
作者简介:赵经华(1979-),男,新疆奇台人,博士,副教授,主要从事节水灌溉技术研究及教学工作。E-mail:105512275@qq.com