[1]周晗,严俊霞,李洪建,等.晋西黄土区坡耕地不同下垫面水土流失对侵蚀性降雨的响应[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(04):7-12.
　ZHOU Han,YAN Junxia,LI Hongjian,et al.Response of Soil and Water Loss on Different Underlying Surfaces of Sloping Farmland to Erosive Rainfall in the Loess Area of Western Shanxi Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(04):7-12.
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晋西黄土区坡耕地不同下垫面水土流失对侵蚀性降雨的响应

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 26 期数: 2019年04期 页码: 7-12 栏目: 出版日期: 2019-06-11
Title:
Response of Soil and Water Loss on Different Underlying Surfaces of Sloping Farmland to Erosive Rainfall in the Loess Area of Western Shanxi Province
作者:
周晗1,2, 严俊霞1, 李洪建1, 王小云2
1. 山西大学 黄土高原研究所, 太原 030006;
2. 山西省水土保持科学研究所, 太原 030045
Author(s):
ZHOU Han1,2, YAN Junxia1, LI Hongjian1, WANG Xiaoyun2
1. Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
2. Shanxi Institute of Soil and Water Conversation Science, Taiyuan 030045, China
关键词:
坡耕地; 下垫面; 产流产沙; 入渗率
Keywords:
sloping farmland; underlying surface; runoff and sediment production; infiltration rate
分类号:
S157.1
摘要:
为了揭示晋西黄土区不同类型坡耕地的产流、产沙及入渗规律，以4种下垫面（玉米、马铃薯、弃耕地、裸地）径流小区为研究对象，采用水量平衡的方法，分析了降雨因子对地表径流深、泥沙流失量和入渗率的影响。不同下垫面径流小区的径流深、泥沙流失量从小到大依次表现为玉米地 < 马铃薯地 < 弃耕地 < 裸地，入渗率则反之。与玉米地相比，马铃薯地、弃耕地和裸地的径流深增加了58.95%，146.85%，261.48%；泥沙流失量增加了50.45%，94.98%，240.06%；入渗率下降了5.68%，14.25%，25.36%。玉米地、马铃薯地、裸地径流深与I10，I30，P×I10，P×I30呈较好的幂函数关系，弃耕地径流深与之呈较好的一次函数关系，泥沙流失量也表现出相似趋势。入渗率随雨强增大呈减小趋势。与马铃薯地、弃耕地和裸地相比，玉米地在不同程度上有减流减沙、增加入渗的特性。
Abstract:
In order to investigate characteristics of runoff, sediment and infiltration of sloping farmlands under different land uses in the loess area of western Shanxi, four underlying surfaces (maize, potato, abandoned farmland, bare land) were used as research objects in runoff plot experiment. Water balance methods were used to analyze the relationship between rainfall and runoff depth, sediment loss and infiltration rate. The runoff depth and sediment loss for the four underlying surface plots increased in the order: maize < potato < abandoned farmland < bare land, but the order for the infiltration rate was on the contrary. The runoff depths in potato, abandoned farmland, and bare land plots increased by 58.95%, 146.85%, and 261.48%, respectively, compared with that in the maize plot, and the losses of sediments increased by 50.45%, 94.98%, and 240.06%, respectively, and the infiltration rates decreased by 5.68%, 14.25% and 25.36%, respectively. A significant power function relationship between runoff depth and I10, I30, P×I10, P×I30 in maize, potato land and bare ground was found, but a linear function between runoff depth and these parameters in abandoned farmland existed. A similar trend as above was also found for amount of sediment loss. The infiltration rate decreased with the increase of rain intensity. Compared with potato, the characteristics of reducing runoff and sediment and increasing infiltration to a certain degree were observed in abandoned farmland and bare land, maize fields.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2018-06-28;改回日期:2018-12-06。
基金项目:山西省水利厅项目“不同坡度坡耕地氮素流失特征及对河流水质影响的研究”（201629）；山西省水利厅项目“黄土丘陵沟壑区坡面土壤侵蚀动态模型研究”（2017SB03）
作者简介:周晗(1989-),女,山西文水人,硕士研究生,研究方向为区域生态学。E-mail:zhouhan890518@163.com
通讯作者:严俊霞(1976-),女,山西洪洞人,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事生态系统碳水循环研究。E-mail:yjx422@sxu.edu.cn

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01