GUO Xinnian,SUN Jiao,LIANG Jinxiu,et al.Effects of Phosphorus Fertilization on Yield and Nitrogen, Phosphorus Uptake and Use Efficiency of Rice in the Yellow River Irrigation Region of Ningxia[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(02):49-54,61.
施磷对宁夏引黄灌区水稻产量、氮磷吸收利用及氮素残留的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Phosphorus Fertilization on Yield and Nitrogen, Phosphorus Uptake and Use Efficiency of Rice in the Yellow River Irrigation Region of Ningxia
- Keywords:
- phosphorus fertilization; Ningxia Yellow River irrigation region; rice yield; nitrogen uptake and utilization; phosphorus uptake and utilization
- 分类号:
- S143.2
- 摘要:
- 针对宁夏引黄灌区水稻磷肥施用不合理的问题，确定宁夏引黄灌区水稻生产适宜施磷量，以“节3号”水稻为试验材料，采用单因素随机区组试验设计研究了不同施P2O5量（0，75，150，225 kg/hm2）对水稻产量、土壤矿质氮累积量以及水稻氮、磷吸收与利用效率的影响。结果表明：与不施磷肥相比，施磷肥显著（p<0.05）提高了水稻穗数、每穗粒数和结实率，进而提高了水稻籽粒产量；以施磷150 kg/hm2处理下水稻籽粒产量最高，最高值为7 593.11 kg/hm2（增产率为36.12%）。施磷肥显著降低了水稻0—100 cm土层土壤硝态氮和铵态氮的累积，施磷150 kg/hm2显著提高了各生育期水稻氮素和磷素的吸收量。随着施磷量增加，水稻磷素生产效率和磷素吸收效率显著降低，氮素吸收效率、氮素收获指数和磷素收获指数的最大值出现在施磷150 kg/hm2处理，而水稻氮素生产效率受施磷量影响不显著。施磷肥显著提高了宁夏引黄灌区水稻产量及氮、磷吸收量和利用效率，施磷量150 kg/hm2为本地区适宜施肥量。
- Abstract:
- With respect to the unreasonable application of phosphorus fertilizer in Yellow Irrigation Area of Ningxia, we set up field trials in the irrigation area in order to determine suitable application of phosphorus in rice production in Yellow Irrigation Area of Ningxia. The rice variety ’Jie No.3’ was used as the test material, and a single factor random group test design experiment was conducted to examine the impact of P application rates (0, 75, 150， 225 kg/hm2) on grain yield, the accumulation of NO3--N and NH4+-N, as well as N and P uptake and utilization of rice. The results showed that, compared with the no application of P, all treatments with P application increased the spike number, kernels per spike and seed setting rate of rice, which significantly increased the grain yield of rice. The grain yield under treatment of 150 kg/hm2 P application rate was higher than that of other P application treatments, which had the highest rice yield of 7 593.11 kg/hm2, and production increase rate of 36.12%. P fertilization reduced the total accumulation of NO3--N and NH4+-N in 0-100 cm soil layers. In addition, P application increased N and P uptake of rice at different growth stages, especially for 150 kg/hm2 P application treatment. With the P application of 150 kg/hm2, the N uptake efficiencies and N harvest indices of rice were relatively higher. P application decreased the P grain production efficiencies and P uptake efficiencies, while the maximum of P harvest index was observed at the P application of 150 kg/hm2. In conclusion, phosphorus fertilizer significantly improved the yield, nitrogen and phosphorus absorption and utilization efficiency of rice in the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia. The suitable phosphorus application was 150 kg/hm2 in the region.
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相似文献/References:
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2017-08-15;改回日期:2018-05-25。
基金项目:宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目“农业面源污染减控与绿色清洁生产技术研究与示范”（2017BY085）；宁夏农林科学院全产业链示范推广项目“宁夏耕地可持续利用与农田生产力提升技术研究应用”（NKYZ-16-0904）；宁夏农业综合开发土地治理项目“银南灌区盐碱地土壤改良与农田生产力提升技术集成示范”（NTKJ2017-01-20）
作者简介:郭鑫年(1981-),男,宁夏永宁人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事土壤养分循环与高效利用研究。E-mail:gxnian@163.com
通讯作者:周涛(1966-),男,重庆人,研究员,博士,主要从事土壤肥力提升技术研究。E-mail:zhoutao6084609@163.com