FENG Bianbian,LIU Xiaofang,ZHAO Yonggang,et al.Estimate of Blue and Green Water Footprint of Crop Production and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors in Shanxi Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(04):200-205,214.
山西省作物生产蓝绿水足迹核算及影响因素分析
- Title:
- Estimate of Blue and Green Water Footprint of Crop Production and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors in Shanxi Province
- Keywords:
- water footprint; blue water; green water; grain crop; water use efficiency; Shanxi Province
- 分类号:
- S271
- 摘要:
- 基于水足迹理论，对山西省2005—2014年11个市主要粮食作物生产蓝水和绿水足迹进行了量化，并结合农业与气候数据分析了其时空变异及气候影响因素。结果表明：近10年山西省各地区粮食作物生产水足迹呈下降趋势，且蓝水足迹下降趋势较绿水足迹显著；全省综合作物生产蓝水足迹从1.11降到0.64 m3/kg。不同作物间生产水足迹差异显著，大豆生产蓝绿水足迹均最高，分别为2.74，2.11 m3/kg；前者是玉米生产蓝水足迹的6.5倍，后者是小麦生产绿水足迹的5.1倍。从蓝绿水构成来看，山西省绿水比例南多北少；其多年均值为46%，具备提高绿水资源利用效率的空间。不同区域间作物生产蓝绿水足迹均表现出由北向南波动中下降的趋势，大同和吕梁地区水足迹较高。通径分析结果显示气候因子中的日照、气温和降雨是影响作物生产水足迹的主要影响因素。在山西省范围内，气候条件的时空差异是造成作物生产水足迹时空变异的主要原因，农业生产资料投入的影响较小。
- Abstract:
- The green and blue water footprint (WFP) of major grain crops was quantified in 11 cities of Shanxi Province in the period 2005—2014 based on the theory of WFP. The spatiotemporal variations and influencing factors of the WFP were analyzed using meteorological and agricultural data. The results showed that the WFP of crop production declined in different regions of Shanxi Province over the past decade. The blue WFP decreased significantly compared with green WFP. The blue WFP of integrated crop production in Shanxi decreased from 1.11 m3/kg in 2005 to 0.64 m3/kg in 2014. There were the marked differences in the WFP among various crops, and the blue and green WFP of soybean ranked the highest, which were 2.74 m3/kg and 2.11 m3/kg, respectively. The former was 6.5 times of the blue WFP of corn, and the latter was 5.1 times of the green WFP of wheat. From the perspective of WFP composition, the proportion of green WFP in the south of Shanxi Province was higher than that in the north. The average proportion of green WFP in the total water consumption was 46%, showing great potential for improving green water use efficiency in this province. Generally, both the blue and green WFP of crops fluctuated with the downward trend from north to south in all 11 cities. Higher levels of WFP were observed in the Datong City and Lvliang. Path analysis showed that climate factors such as sunshine, temperature, and rainfall were the top three factors influencing the WFP of crops. In Shanxi Province, the spatiotemporal variations in the WFP of crop production were due to the spatiotemporal differences in climate conditions, while the input of agricultural production had less influence.
参考文献/References:
[1] 中华人民共和国水利部.中国水资源公报2014[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2015.
[2] Hoekstra A Y, Mekonnen M M. The water footprint of humanity[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012,109(9):3232-3237.
[3] 吴普特,王玉宝,赵西宁.2010中国粮食生产水足迹与区域虚拟水流动报告[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2012.
[4] 操信春,吴普特,王玉宝,等.中国灌区粮食生产水足迹及用水评价[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(11):1826-1835.
[5] 史利洁,吴普特,王玉宝,等.基于作物生产水足迹的陕西省水资源压力评价[J].中国生态农业学报,2015,23(5):650-658.
[6] Sun S K, Wu P T, Wang Y B, et al. Temporal variability of water footprint for maize production:The case of Beijing from 1978 to 2008[J]. Water Resources Management, 2013,27(7):2447-2463.
[7] 盖力强,谢高地,李士美,等.华北平原小麦、玉米作物生产水足迹的研究[J].资源科学,2010,32(11):2066-2071.
[8] Siebert S, Döll P. Quantifying blue and green virtual water contents in global crop production as well as potential production losses without irrigation[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2010,384(3/4):198-217.
[9] 戚瑞,耿涌,朱庆华.基于水足迹理论的区域水资源利用评价[J].自然资源学报,2011,26(3):486-495.
[10] Hoekstra A Y, Chapagain A K, Aldaya M M, et al. The Water Footprint Assessment Manual-Setting the Global Standard[M]. London:Earthscan, 2011.
[11] Döll P, Siebert S. Global modeling of irrigation water requirements[J]. Water Resources Research, 2002,38(4):1-8.
[12] 章诞武,丛振涛,倪广恒.基于中国气象资料的趋势检验方法对比分析[J].水科学进展,2013,24(4):490-496.
[13] 张淑杰,张玉书,隋东,等.东北地区参考蒸散量的变化特征及其成因分析[J].自然资源学报,2010,25(10):1750-1761.
[14] 蔡甲冰,刘钰,许迪,等.基于通径分析原理的冬小麦缺水诊断指标敏感性分析[J].水利学报,2008,39(1):83-90.
[15] 孙世坤,王玉宝,吴普特,等.小麦生产水足迹区域差异及归因分析[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(13):142-148.
[16] 赵乾坤.山西省水土保持功能分区及生态脆弱性评价[D].山东泰安:山东农业大学,2014.
[17] 朱晓磊,辛存林,卢李朋,等.山西省粮食生产的时空变化和驱动因子分析[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(8):82-88.
[18] 张立生,温辉芹,程天灵,等.山西省小麦生态区划研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(2):410-415.
[19] Rockstr M J, Falkenmark M, Karlberg L, et al. Future water availability for global food production:the potential of green water for increasing resilience to global change[J]. Water Resources Research, 2009,45(7):142-143.
[20] 梁丽乔,李丽娟,张丽,等.松嫩平原西部生长季参考作物蒸散发的敏感性分析[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(5):1-5.
[21] 马少先.农业机械在现代农业生产中的地位与作用探析[J].北京农业,2012(3):172-173.
[22] Shi J, Liu J, Pinter L. Recent evolution of China’s virtual water trade:analysis of selected crops and considerations for policy[J]. Hydrology & Earth System Sciences, 2014,18(4):1349-1357.
[23] Ruttan V W. The transition to agricultural sustainability[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1999,96(11):5960-5967.
相似文献/References:
[1]邓晓军,谢世友,崔天顺,等.南疆棉花消费水足迹及其对生态环境影响研究[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(02):176.
DENG Xiao-jun,XIE Shi-you,CUI Tian-shun,et al.Research of the Water Footprint of Cotton Consumption and Its Effect on Ecological Environment in Southern of Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(04):176.
[2]李啸虎,杨德刚.基于水足迹的节水型城郊种植业结构优化研究——以乌鲁木齐市为例[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(01):298.
LI Xiaohu,YANG Degang.Study of the Structure Optimization of Water-Saving Suburban Cropping in Arid Lands Based on the Water Footprint—A Case Study in Urumqi City[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(04):298.
[3]祝稳,赵锐锋,谢作轮.基于水足迹理论的河南省水资源利用评价[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(01):292.
ZHU Wen,ZHAO Ruifeng,XIE Zuolun.Evaluation of Water Resource Utilization in He’nan Province Based on Water Footprint Theory[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(04):292.
[4]王 朝,张廷龙,李 双,等.基于DEA和Malmquist指数的汉江干流水资源利用效率变动研究[J].水土保持研究,2023,30(01):291.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.01.022]
WANG Zhao,ZHANG Tinglong,LI Shuang,et al.Variation of Water Resources Utilization Efficiency in Mainstream of Hanjiang River Based on DEA & Malmquist Index[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(04):291.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.01.022]
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2017-08-10;改回日期:2017-09-10。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金（41401242）；山西省自然科学基金（201601D021103）
作者简介:冯变变(1993-),女,山西吕梁人,硕士研究生,研究方向为农业生态学。E-mail:18835794292@163.com
通讯作者:刘小芳(1981-)女,山西榆次人,讲师,硕士生导师,主要从事植物水分生理生态研究。E-mail:liuxiaofang04@163.com