YANG Qiannan,GAO Haidong,LI Zhanbin,et al.Effects of Land Use Change in Watershed on Base flow in Arid Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(03):317-322,331.
干旱区流域土地利用变化对基流的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Land Use Change in Watershed on Base flow in Arid Area
- 分类号:
- S152.7
- 摘要:
- 基流是干旱区最重要的枯季水文特征之一，在维持河川径流和维护流域生态安全等方面具有重要意义。基于宁夏清水河流域上游1980年、1995年、2000年、2013年四期土地利用数据及原州水文站1984-2014年日径流资料，采用枯季径流分割法进行了基流分割，分析了流域基流、基流指数与景观格局指数之间的相关关系，研究了流域景观格局变化对基流的作用。结果表明：（1） 30年中，草地是清水河上游的主导性景观类型。流域景观多样性随时间的推移逐渐增加，整体向好；（2） 1984-2014年，清水河上游径流量呈显著减少趋势（p<0.01），基流量呈极显著减少趋势（p<0.001）；（3）景观格局指数与基流量的关系较径流量密切，基流量与面积加权平均形状指数（SHAPE-AM）、斑块结合度（COHESION）、最大斑块指数（LPI）、斑块丰富度密度（PRD）、周长-面积分维数（PAFRAC）这5个指标的相关性较高，其中与SHAPE_AM，COHESION，LPI呈显著正相关，与PRD，PAFRAC呈显著负相关。研究结果可为清水河上游流域生态建设提供科学依据。
- Abstract:
- Base flow is one of the most important hydrological characteristics of river in arid area during dry season, and has vital functions in keeping runoff and conserving ecology safety. Based on the four stages land use data (1980, 1995, 2000, 2013) in the upstream of Qingshuihe River watershed, and daily runoff data from Yuanzhou Hydrological Station during 1984-2014, this study segmented the base flow by using dry season runoff segment method. Furthermore, we analyzed the relationship among base flow, base flow index, and landscape indices. We also clarified the landscape change effects on base flow. The results showed that:(1) grassland was the main landscape of the upstream from 1984 to 2014, and the biodiversity of the watershed increased with time; (2) runoff magnitude of upstream significantly decreased during 30 years, but the decreased scope of runoff was more significant than base flow; (3) the relationship between landscape indices and base flow was better than runoff. Among five landscape indices, significant positive correlations were obtained between base flow and SHAPE-AM, COHESION, LPI, but significant negative correlations were found between base flow and PRD, PAFRAC.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2017-07-14;改回日期:2017-08-20。
基金项目:国家重点研发计划“黄土高原生态、地貌多过程群体效应模拟与验证”（2016YFC0402406-ZT2）
作者简介:杨倩楠(1992-),女,河南卫辉人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为流域水沙变化研究。E-mail:hyangqn2016@163.com
通讯作者:高海东(1983-),男,内蒙古乌审旗人,博士,讲师,研究方向为土壤侵蚀与水土保持。E-mail:hdgao@msn.cn