[1]李伟斯,李长虹,徐斌,等.人工湿地植被净化水质效果及其氮磷累积研究[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(03):250-257,264.
　LI Weisi,LI Changhong,XU Bin,et al.Research on Purification Efficiency of Plant Removal and N, P Accumulation from Constructed Wetland[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(03):250-257,264.
点击复制

人工湿地植被净化水质效果及其氮磷累积研究

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 25 期数: 2018年03期 页码: 250-257,264 栏目: 出版日期: 2018-04-10
Title:
Research on Purification Efficiency of Plant Removal and N, P Accumulation from Constructed Wetland
作者:
李伟斯1,3, 李长虹1,3, 徐斌2,3, 李修岭3
1. 山东省临沂市环境监测站, 山东 临沂 276000;
2. 青岛理工大学 环境与市政工程学院, 山东 青岛 266033;
3. 临沂大学 生命科学学院, 山东 临沂 276000
Author(s):
LI Weisi1,3, LI Changhong1,3, XU Bin2,3, LI Xiuling3
1. Linyi Environmental Monitoring Station, Linyi, Shandong 276000, China;
2. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, China;
3. College of Life Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, Shandong 276000, China
关键词:
人工湿地; 植被净化; 氮磷累积
Keywords:
constructed wetland; plants; purification efficiency; N;  P accumulation
分类号:
Q89;Q143
摘要:
城市水质日益成为农业面源污染的关键来源之一，根据山东省城市的相关水质情况，一般对其水质净化的研究常通过表面流人工湿地系统进行，而该表面流采取的是多级串联的方式。通过对比分析人工湿地在不同运行阶段所呈现的模拟水质净化效果来对湿地系统中的CODCr，BOD5，SS，TN，TP，NH4+-N（化学耗氧量、生物耗氧量、悬浮物、全氮、全磷、氨氮）等沿程变化进行分析对比，从而探讨人工湿地在净化城市水质中的作用，即去除效应。结果表明：水质各指标对于人工湿地的去除效应大小并不相同，具体效应差异如下：NH4+-N > CODCr > BOD5 > TN > SS > TP，其中对去除效应最为明显的是NH4+-N（其中p<0.05），而去除效应最弱的当属TP（其中p<0.05）；人工湿地的第一格对诸多污染物的去除效应最为显著，其中第一格对于CODCr，BOD5，SS，TN，NH4+-N的去除效应均超过一半，同时在人工湿地沿程进水浓度不断增加的情况下，其削减效应呈现下降趋势；通过对人工湿地的不同植被N，P积累量进行研究发现，在p<0.01的显著性水平下，其分别与生物量、N含量、P含量具有较为显著的线性关系，其中生物量与N，P积累量的相关系数明显超过与N含量和P含量的相关系数，通过相关性分析发现人工湿地植被对生活污水具有明显的去除率，且去除效果与其自身的生理特性息息相关，从相关系数不难看出，人工湿地植被对TN具有较好的去除效果，且与其身体内氮素紧密相关，对TP的去除受到其自身体内磷素的显著影响。通过对湿地系统沿程氮磷浓度衰减状况进行相应的拟合及回归分析，构建了与湿地系统进口浓度密切相关的CODCr，BOD5，SS，TN，TP，NH4+-N浓度沿程衰减模型，通过相关分析发现其最佳的拟合模型无一不是指数衰减模型，该湿地系统在整个试验时期内都呈现出了良好的净化效果，对于显著降低城市水质对环境的污染起到了重要的作用，其中构建的指数衰减模型不仅为后续湿地设计提供了有益参考，同时也为排水水质预测提供了理论分析依据。
Abstract:
Rural domestic sewage has become one of the main sources of agricultural non-point source pollution. According to water characteristics of the runoff in Shandong Province, constructed wetland with multi-series surface flow was used for purification experiment study of simulated and on-the-spot runoff. The purification effects of simulated runoff were compared in different operation phases of constructed wetland with multi-series surface flow. Meanwhile, the variation of the pollutants (CODCr, SS, TN, TP, NH4+-N) along the constructed wetland and their removal mechanism were analyzed and discussed, respectively. In the purification study of on-the-spot runoff, removal rates of CODCr, SS, TN, TP, NH4+-N followed the order:NH4+-N > CODCr > BOD5 > TN > SS > TP. In the simulated experiment, the most of the pollutants were removed in the front of the constructed wetland. The removal rates gradually decreased with the units. Plant accumulations of nitrogen and phosphorus displayed significantly positive linear correlation with plant biomass and concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus (p<0.05), and biomass could be used as the indicators to screen appropriate artificial wetland plants. Correlation analysis showed that TP had no significant difference with the other pollution parameters (p>0.05). We established the exponential, the linear, and the quadratic polynomial models which related to the inlet concentration of the wetland system through the monadic linear regression analysis of model coefficients. Then these three models were used for prediction and evaluation on the basis of the other four groups of testing data. Correlation analysis revealed that exponential decay model had the best performance with the smaller relative root-square-error value. The wetland system showed good purification effect during the whole test period, reducing the emissions of nitrogen and phosphorus of rural domestic sewage greatly, and mitigating the damage of domestic sewage to freshwater environment.

参考文献/References:

[1] Zhi W, Ji G. Quantitative response relationships between nitrogen transformation rates and nitrogen functional genes in a tidal flow constructed wetland under C/N ratio constraints[J]. Water Research, 2014,64:32-41.
[2] Ávila C, Bayona J M, Martín I, et al. Emerging organic contaminant removal in a full-scale hybrid constructed wetland system for wastewater treatment and reuse[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2015,80:108-116.
[3] Ávila C, Matamoros V, Reyes-Contreras C, et al. Attenuation of emerging organic contaminants in a hybrid constructed wetland system under different hydraulic loading rates and their associated toxicological effects in wastewater[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2014,470:1272-1280.
[4] Shehzadi M, Afzal M, Khan M U, et al. Enhanced degradation of textile effluent in constructed wetland system using Typha domingensis and textile effluent-degrading endophytic bacteria[J]. Water Research, 2014,58:152-159.
[5] Lv T, Zhang Y, Zhang L, et al. Removal of the pesticides imazalil and tebuconazole in saturated constructed wetland mesocosms[J]. Water Research, 2016,91:126-136.
[6] Zhai X, Piwpuan N, Arias C A, et al. Can root exudates from emergent wetland plants fuel denitrification in subsurface flow constructed wetland systems?[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2013,61:555-563.
[7] 周旭丹,孙晓刚,赵春莉,等.人工湿地植被根区土壤性质及其净化水质季节效应分析[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(6):1043-1049.
[8] 董小霞,颜昌宙,王灶生,等.组合式水生植物净化系统对Cu, Pb和Cd的去除与生物富集特征[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(4):1447-1453.
[9] 陈永华,吴晓芙,郝君,等.亚热带地区潜流人工湿地木本植物筛选与净化潜力评价[J].环境科学,2014,35(2):585-591.
[10] 陶敏,贺锋,胡晗,等.碳氧调控下人工湿地净化效果的协同与拮抗研究[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(12):3646-3652.
[11] 刘长娥,宋祥甫,刘福兴,等.潜流-表面流复合人工湿地的河道水质净化效果[J].环境污染与防治,2014,36(8):11-18.
[12] Villasenor J, Capilla P, Rodrigo M A, et al. Operation of a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell treating wastewater under different organic loading rates[J]. Water Research, 2013,47(17):6731-6738.
[13] Doherty L, Zhao Y, Zhao X, et al. A review of a recently emerged technology:Constructed wetland-Microbial fuel cells[J]. Water Research, 2015,85:38-45.
[14] Vymazal J, Kr pfelováL. Multistage hybrid constructed wetland for enhanced removal of nitrogen[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2015,84:202-208.
[15] 吴振斌,成水平,贺锋,等.垂直流人工湿地的设计及净化功能初探[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(6):715-718.
[16] 吴振斌,陈辉蓉,贺锋,等.人工湿地系统对污水磷的净化效果[J].水生生物学报,2001,25(1):28-35.
[17] 吴振斌,梁威,成水平,等.人工湿地植物根区土壤酶活性与污水净化效果及其相关分析[J].环境科学学报,2001,21(5):622-624.
[18] 梁继东,周启星,孙铁珩.人工湿地污水处理系统研究及性能改进分析[J].生态学杂志,2003(2):49-55.
[19] 蒋跃平,葛滢,岳春雷,等.人工湿地植物对观赏水中氮磷去除的贡献[J].生态学报,2004,24(8):1720-1725.
[20] 廖新俤,骆世明.香根草和风车草人工湿地对猪场废水氮磷处理效果的研究[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(6):719-722.
[21] 廖新俤,骆世明.人工湿地对猪场废水有机物处理效果的研究[J].应用生态学报,2002(1):113-117.
[22] 朱夕珍,崔理华,温晓露,等.不同基质垂直流人工湿地对城市污水的净化效果[J].农业环境科学学报,2003,22(4):454-457.
[23] 陈进军,郑翀,郑少奎.表面流人工湿地中水生植被的净化效应与组合系统净化效果[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(10):2029-2035.

相似文献/References:

[1]石岩,万新南.人工湿地系统在垃圾渗滤液处理中的应用[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(01):138.
　SHI Yan,WAN Xin-nan.Application of Constructed Wetland to Landfill Leachate Treatment[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(03):138.
[2]税永红,魏玉君,张雷员,等.活水公园复合人工湿地春夏净化效果对比研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):230.
　SHUI Yong-hong,WEI Yu-jun,ZHANG Lei-yuan,et al.Comparison Study on Purification of Integrated Constructed Wetland in Living-water Garden between Spring and Summer[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(03):230.
[3]胡世琴.人工湿地不同植被净化污水效果及其氮磷累积研究[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(01):200.
　HU Shiqin.Research on Domestic Sewage Purification Efficiencies of Plants and N, P Accumulation in Biomass in Constructed Wetland[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(03):200.
[4]方松林,曹盼宫.折流式人工湿地对矿区降雨径流的净化研究[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(05):126.
　FANG Songlin,CAO Pangong.Purification Effects of Baffled Constructed Wetland on Rain Runoff in the Mining Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(03):126.
[5]潘琼,潘峰.不同类型人工湿地对洞庭湖水质净化效果研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(06):317.
　PAN Qiong,PAN Feng.Research on Water Purification in Different Types of Constructed Wetlands in Dongting Lake[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(03):317.
[6]霍张丽,朱广龙,张江汀,等.模拟人工湿地植物对富营养化水体的修复研究[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(05):267.
　HUO Zhang-li,ZHU Guang-long,ZHANG Jiang-ting,et al.Remediation Function of Simulated Artificial Wetland Plants to Water Eutrophication[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(03):267.
[7]乔厦,郑学良.表面流人工湿地对城市径流水质的净化研究[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(03):353.
　QIAO Sha,ZHENG Xueliang.Experimental Study on the City Runoff Pollutant Reduction by Multi-Series Surface Flow Constructed Wetland[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(03):353.
[8]赖巧晖,张浩,刘治鹏.不同植物配置下人工湿地微生物群落特征及其影响因素[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(05):89.
　LAI Qiaohui,ZHANG Hao,LIU Zhipeng.Characteristics of Soil Microbial Community and Their Imapact Factors in Different Constructed Wetlands with Plant Communities[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(03):89.
[9]吴雨涵,余俊,王锐涵.不同配置人工湿地植物群落对生活污水净化效果[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(06):364.
　WU Yuhan,YU Jun,WANG Ruihan.Effects of Sewage Purification by Different Plant Communities in the Constructed Wetland[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(03):364.
[10]杨 波.表面流人工湿地对辽河水质长期净化效果[J].水土保持研究,2021,28(01):373.
　YANG Bo.Long-Term Purification Effect of Surface Flow Constructed Wetland on Water Quality of Liaohe River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2021,28(03):373.

备注/Memo

收稿日期:2017-08-13;改回日期:2017-09-12。
基金项目:山东省临沂市科技发展计划（201412025）
作者简介:李伟斯(1984-),男,湖北襄阳人,博士,工程师,主要研究方向为污水处理。E-mail:liwesi84@163.com
通讯作者:李修岭(1971-),男,山东临沂人,教授,主要从事湿地生态学研究。E-mail:li8796413@163.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01