SONG Xiaomei,CAO Xiangyang.Effect of Simulated Acid Rain on the Physiological and Ecological Characteristics of Different Garden Plants[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(02):365-370.
模拟酸雨对不同园林植物叶片生理生态特性的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Simulated Acid Rain on the Physiological and Ecological Characteristics of Different Garden Plants
- 分类号:
- S685;X517
- 摘要:
- 采用盆栽方法，以自来水（pH值6.5）作为对照，研究了pH值为1.7，3.0，4.3，5.6模拟酸雨条件下新梢增长量、叶片损伤程度和叶片生理生态特性，并分析了园林植物对酸雨污染的敏感性反应。结果表明：不同pH值的酸雨对园林植物新叶片有不同程度的抑制，酸雨的酸度越大，对园林植物叶片的伤害越大，以pH值1.7的模拟酸雨对园林植物叶片的伤害最为严重，pH值5.6伤害较为轻微，但不同种类之间对酸雨的抗性有明显差异；pH值4.3~5.6处理对园林植物新梢生长率没有显著的影响和抑制作用，而pH值小于3.0处理则严重抑制了园林植物新梢生长；随模拟酸雨强度的增强，园林植物叶片的细胞质膜透性和丙二醛（MDA）含量逐渐升高，当pH值小于3.0时，细胞质膜透性和丙二醛（MDA）含量则急剧增加，当pH值为1.7时，不同园林植物叶片则严重受损；园林植物叶片叶绿素含量、叶片N和P含量随酸雨强度的增加逐渐降低，当pH值小于3.0时，园林植物叶片叶绿素含量、叶片N和P含量则急剧降低，当pH值为1.7时，不同园林植物叶片则严重受损；相关分析表明，酸雨增加了园林植物对环境的敏感性。园林植物对酸雨具有较强的抵抗能力，对园林植物生理活动影响的阈值pH值大致介于3.0~4.3，因此，本研究的6种园林植物可以作为酸雨灾害严重地区园林绿化及植被构建的物种。
- Abstract:
- Based on pot experiments, we studied the effects of acid rain on the physiological and ecological characteristics of different garden plants which were treated with simulated acid rain at pH 1.7, 3.0, 4.3, 5.6 and 6.5 (CK). The results showed that the acid precipitation with different pH values inhibited, to different extents, shoot growth of all the 6 species, and the harm suffered by the plants increased with the acidity of rain, the simulated rain had no inhibition to plants at pH 4.3 and 5.6, and had significant inhibition to plants under pH 3.0. As the acidity of the simulated rain increased, the MDA content and plasmalemma permeability of the leaves increased, when pH was less than 3.0, the MDA contents and plasmalemma permeability of the leaves sharply increased, and when pH was 1.7, the garden plant leaves were badly damaged. While the chlorophyll content, N and P contents had the opposite trend with the MDA content and plasmalemma permeability of the leaves. The result revealed that acid rain enhanced the sensitivity of different garden plants to environment through correlation and regression analysis, the species differed in their susceptibility to acid rain, pH 3.0 to 4.3 could be used as an invisible critical point of acid rain damage to their leaves. Therefore, these different garden plants could be considered as one of the landscaping and vegetation constructing plants in the acid rain-hit areas.
参考文献/References:
[1] Likens G E, Driscoll C T, Buso D C. Long-term effects of acid rain:response and recovery of a forest ecosystem[J]. Science, 1996,272(5259):244-252.
[2] Velikova V, Yordanov I, Edreva A. Oxidative stress and some antioxidant systems in acid rain-treated bean plants:protective role of exogenous polyamines[J]. Plant Science, 2000,151(1):59-66.
[3] Likens G E, Bormann F H. Acid rain-A serious regional environmental problem[J]. Science,1974,184(4142):1176-1179.
[4] Krug E C, Frink C R. Acid rain on acid soil:A new perspective[J]. Science, 1983,217(4610):520-525.
[5] Dianwu Z, Jiling X, Yu X, et al. Acid rain in southwestern China[J]. Atmospheric Environment,1988,22(2):349-358.
[6] Zhao D, Sun B. Air pollution and acid rain in China[J]. Ambio, 1986,15(1):2-5.
[7] 赵栋,潘远智,邓仕槐,等.模拟酸雨对茶梅生理生态特性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(15):3191-3198.
[8] 王应军,邓仕槐,姜静,等.酸雨对木芙蓉幼苗光合作用及抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].核农学报,2011,25(3):588-593.
[9] 黄建昌,肖艳.模拟酸雨对6种园林植物的影响[J].西南农业大学学报,2002,24(4):360-362.
[10] 李志国,姜卫兵,翁忙玲,等.模拟酸雨对木兰科树种叶片膜脂过氧化和抗氧化系统的影响[J].生态环境,2007,16(3):779-784.
[11] 方志伟.南平市园林绿化植物抗酸雨能力的研究[J].福建林学院学报,2003,23(1):9-13.
[12] 李志国,姜卫兵,翁忙玲,等.常绿阔叶园林6树种(品种)对模拟酸雨的生理响应及敏感性[J].园艺学报,2011,38(3):512-518.
[13] 张光生,刘英,周青.种草本观赏植物叶绿素含量和细胞膜透性对酸雨胁迫的响应[J].生态与农村环境学报,2006,22(4):83-87.
[14] 金余,金静.酸雨胁迫对亚热带典型树种幼苗生长与光合作用的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(6):3322-3327.
[15] 宋文龙,杨胜天,温志群,等.贵州典型森林群落植物冠层叶片遭受酸雨直接伤害的模拟试验与效应分析[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(1):15-23.
相似文献/References:
[1]丛日晨,董爱香,张颢,等.晋西黄土残塬区特色园林植物的发展对策[J].水土保持研究,2000,7(04):96.
CONG Richen,DONG Aixiang,ZHANG Hao,et al.The Strategy of Developing the Characteristic Gardening Plant Species in the Western Broken Plateau Area of the Shanxi Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2000,7(02):96.
[2]李竞,马红霞,郑恩峰.再生水灌溉对园林植物叶片生理及根际土壤特性的影响[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(04):70.
LI Jing,MA Hongxia,ZHENG Enfeng.Influence of Irrigation With Reclaimed Water on Rhizosphere Soil Properties and Leaf Physiology of Different Landscape Plants[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(02):70.
[3]夏冰,司志国.不同园林植物土壤呼吸及影响因子特征[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(05):240.
XIA Bing,SI Zhiguo.Soil Respiration and Impact Factors of Different Green Plants in Zhengzhou City[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(02):240.
[4]王秀英.模拟酸雨对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(06):265.
WANG Xiu-ying.Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Wheat[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(02):265.
[5]刘 琳,余佳洁,周文静.不同园林植物土壤活性有机碳组分及有机碳储量[J].水土保持研究,2020,27(05):38.
LIU Lin,YU Jiajie,ZHOU Wenjing.Soil Active Organic Carbon Components and Organic Carbon Reserves Under Different Garden Plants[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,27(02):38.
[6]孟 猛,徐永艳.植物光合碳在不同器官—土壤系统的动态分布特征13C示踪[J].水土保持研究,2021,28(01):331.
MENG Meng,XU Yongyan.13C Traces the Dynamic Distribution Characteristics of Photosynthetic Carbon of Different Plants in Different Organ-Soil Systems[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2021,28(02):331.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2016-04-13;改回日期:2016-04-21。
作者简介:宋晓梅(1981-),女,山东临沂人,硕士,讲师,研究方向:环境艺术设计。E-mail:Xiaomei_song81@163.com