MA Shuai,LIU Junwei,ZHAO Zhiming,et al.Research on the Terrain Differential Characteristics of Rural Residents in Fuping County, Hebei Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(06):327-332,339.
河北省阜平县农村居民点地形分异特征研究
- Title:
- Research on the Terrain Differential Characteristics of Rural Residents in Fuping County, Hebei Province
- Keywords:
- terrain differential characteristics; rural settlements; space distribution; Fuping County
- 分类号:
- F301.24
- 摘要:
- 为探究太行山深山区农村居民点的地形分异特征，以河北省阜平县为例，选取了高程、坡度、坡向、地形起伏度、平面变率、剖面变率6个地形因子，通过区位熵指数反映农村居民点空间分布的优势地形位，运用洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数反映各地形因素不同分级梯度上居民点空间分布的集中程度，采用信息熵进一步分析农村居民点在各地形因素上的有序程度。结果表明：海拔高度在100～300 m以及300～500 m，坡度为0°~2°、2°~6°和6°~15°，坡向在平面、东北、东、东南和南向，地形起伏度在0～30 m，平面变率在20°以上，剖面变率在0°~5°内的区域为农村居民点在各地形因子上的优势地形位；平面变率各分级梯度上农村居民点的空间布局属于绝对均匀型，坡向、地形起伏度和剖面变率属于比较均匀型，而在坡度和高程上则属于分布悬殊型；农村居民点在地形起伏度、高程和坡度上的分布较为有序；优劣势地形位越明显的地形因素上，农村居民点的空间分布越集中，有序度也越高。从区位特征及内在结构进行定性和定量分析，可为山区农村居民点的布局优化提供科学决策。
- Abstract:
- In order to explore the terrain differential characteristics of the rural residents in in Fuping County of Taihang Mountain, Hebei Province, the elevation, slope, aspect, relief, plane strain rate, profile variable rate are selected, the location quotient index is used to reflect distribution of rural residential area in the advantage of the terrain, Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient are used to reflect the topographical gradients with spatial distribution of equilibrium degree, information entropy is used to analyze the order degree of the rural residents in different terrain factors. The results showed that altitudes with 100~300 m and 300~500 m, slope in 0 to 2 degrees, 2~6 degrees and 6 to 15 degrees, aspect in plane, northeast, east, southeast and south, relief degree in 0~30 m, plane strain rate in more than 20 degree, profile variable rate in 0~5 degrees are the dominant positions of the rural residential land in various topographic factors. Plane strain rate on rural residential areas of spatial layout belongs to the absolute uniform type, aspect, relief and profile variable rate belong to a relatively uniform type, the elevation belongs to the type of distribution disparity. The distributions of the rural residential land in the relief, elevation and slope are more orderly. The terrain factors of the superior and inferior position are more obvious, the spatial distribution of rural settlements is more concentrated, and the degree of order is higher. This paper does qualitative and quantitative analysis of the location characteristics and the internal structure and can provide scientific decision making for the layout optimization of rural residential area in mountainous areas.
参考文献/References:
[1] 张小林.乡村空间系统及其演变研究:以苏南为例[M].南京:南京师范大学出版社,1999.
[2] 刘彦随,刘玉,翟荣新.中国农村空心化的地理学研究与整治实践[J].地理学报,2009,64(10):1193-1202.
[3] 姜广辉,张凤荣,颜国强,等.科学发展观指导下的农村居民点布局调整与整理[J].国土资源科技管理,2005:22(4):109-116.
[4] 王印传,曲占波.自组织与他组织对村庄发展作用研究[J].城市,2015(6):57-61.
[5] 龙花楼.中国乡村转型发展与土地利用[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.
[6] 刘彦随.中国新农村建设地理论[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.
[7] 乔家君.中国乡村社区空间论[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.
[8] 林珍铭,夏斌,董武娟.基于信息熵的广东省土地利用结构时空变化分析[J].热带地理,2011,31(3):266-271.
[9] 刘明皓,戴志中,邱道持,等.山区农村居民点分布的影响因素分析与布局优化:以彭水县保家镇为例[J].经济地理,2011,31(3):476-482.
[10] 姜广辉,何新,马雯秋,等.基于空间自相关的农村居民点空间格局演变及其分区[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(13):265-273.
[11] 张瑞娟,姜广辉,王明珠,等.基于多维特征组合的农村居民点布局分类[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(4):286-292.
[12] 姜广辉,张凤荣,秦静,等.北京山区农村居民点分布变化及其与环境的关系[J].农业工程学报,2007,22(11):85-92.
[13] 李君,李小建.综合区域环境影响下的农村居民点空间分布变化及影响因素分析[J].资源科学,2009,31(7):1195-1204.
[14] 海贝贝,李小建,许家伟.巩义市农村居民点空间格局演变及其影响因素[J].地理研究,2013,32(12):2257-2269.
[15] 沈陈华.丹阳市农村居民点空间分布尺度特征及影响因素分析[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(22):261-268.
[16] 焦贝贝,石培基,刘春芳,等.黄土高原低山丘陵区农村居民点分布与地形因子关系研究:以兰州市七里河区为例[J].资源科学,2013,35(8):1719-1727.
[17] 张晖,王晓峰,余正军.基于ArcGIS的坡面复杂度因子提取与分析:以黄土高原为例[J].华中师范大学学报:自然科学版,2009,43(2):323-326.
[18] 汤国安,宋佳.基于DEM坡度图制图中坡度分级方法的比较研究[J].水土保持学报,2006,20(2):157-160.
[19] 王玲,吕新.基于DEM的新疆地势起伏度分析[J].测绘科学,2009,34(1):113-116.
[20] 周成虎,程维明,钱金凯,等.中国陆地1:100万数字地貌分类体系研究[J].地球信息科学学报,2009,11(6):707-724.
[21] 陈楠,汤国安,刘咏梅,等.基于不同比例尺的DEM地形信息比较[J].西北大学学报:自然科学版,2003,33(2):237-240.
[22] 封志明,唐焰,杨艳昭,等.中国地形起伏度及其与人口分布的相关性[J].地理学报,2007,62(10):1073-1082.
[23] 汤国安,杨昕.地理信息系统空间分析试验教程[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
相似文献/References:
[1]马丽萍,刘 波,陈正超,等.基于高分辨率数据的农村居民点分布格局及影响因素研究[J].水土保持研究,2024,31(04):395.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.04.011]
Ma Liping,Liu Bo,Chen Zhengchao,et al.Research on the Distribution Patterns and Influencing Factors of Rural Settlement Based on High Resolution Data[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,31(06):395.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.04.011]
[2]陈德凡,焦欢,周启刚,等.基于SDA的西南低山丘陵区农村居民点空间特征分析——以重庆市长寿区为例[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(06):222.
CHEN De-fan,JIAO Huan,ZHOU Qi-gang,et al.Analysis of Spatial Characteristics Of Rural Resident in Hilly Area of Southwest China Based on SDA[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(06):222.
[3]邵子南,吴群,许恩,等.农户对农村居民点整理意愿及影响因素研究——基于Logistic和SEM模型的实证分析[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(06):228.
SHAO Zi-nan,WU Qun,XU En,et al.Farmers’ Willingness and Its Impact Factors on the Rural Settlement Consolidation-Based on Logistic Model and Structural Equation Model[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(06):228.
[4]洪步庭,吴芬娜,任平.基于GIS技术的农村居民点空间演变与特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(06):284.
HONG Bu-ting,WU Fen-na,REN Ping.Study on Spatial Pattern Evolvement and Features of Rural Settlement Based on GIS[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(06):284.
[5]殷嘉迪,雷国平,乐容潮,等.三江平原农村居民点时空格局演变——以富锦市为例[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(06):300.
YIN Jiadi,LEI Guoping,LE Rongchao,et al.Spatiotemporal Evolution of Rural Settlements in Sanjiang Plain—A Case Study in Fujin City[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(06):300.
[6]卢德彬,毛婉柳,禹真,等.基于改进MCR模型的山区农村居民点空间增长模拟研究[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(05):322.
LU Debin,MAO Wanliu,YU Zhen,et al.Simulation Study on the Spatial Growth of Rural Settlements in the Mountainous Area Based on Improved MCR Model[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(06):322.
[7]杨丹丽,孙建伟,刘 艳,等.喀斯特山区农村居民点“三生”空间耦合特征分析——以七星关区为例[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(02):337.
YANG Danli,SUN Jianwei,LIU Yan,et al.Analysis on Coupling Coordination Characteristics of Production-Living-Ecological Space in Rural Settlement in Karst Mountainous Areas[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(06):337.
[8]焦欢,周启刚,李辉,等.西南典型低山丘陵区农村居民点适宜性评价与整治规划分区研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(05):204.
JIAO Huan,ZHOU Qigang,LI Hui,et al.Suitability Evaluation and Research for Reconstruction Planning of Rural Settlements in Southwest Typical Low Hilly Land Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(06):204.
[9]刘鹏,陈荣蓉,杨朝现,等.基于“三生空间”协调的农村居民点布局优化研究[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(02):283.
LIU Peng,CHEN Rongrong,YANG Chaoxian,et al.Study on Layout Optimization of Rural Settlements Based on Coordination of Production, Living and Ecology Space[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(06):283.
[10]王福海,周启刚,陈丹,等.低山丘陵区农村居民点复垦与新建对农村居民点空间分布形态的影响[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(03):144.
WANG Fuhai,ZHOU Qigang,CHEN Dan,et al.Influences of Reclamation and New Construction on Rural Settlement Spatial Distribution Pattern in the Low Mountain Hilly Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(06):144.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2016-01-04;改回日期:2016-01-22。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金“基于功能分异的村庄居民点系统分类研究”（41271111）
作者简介:马帅(1991-),男,河南省许昌市人,硕士研究生,研究方向为城市土地利用。E-mail:mashuai163110@163.com
通讯作者:王印传(1969-),男,河北涿州市人,博士,副教授,主要从事区域与城市规划研究。E-mail:cwy3436@126.com