LI Jinlin,WEI Jie.Features of River System Morphology and Its Response to Sediment Yield in the Jialing River Basin, China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(05):7-13.
嘉陵江流域水系形态特征与侵蚀产沙响应
- Title:
- Features of River System Morphology and Its Response to Sediment Yield in the Jialing River Basin, China
- Keywords:
- fractal dimension; sinuosity of river reach; grey correlation degree; relative contribution; basin erosion and riverine sediment
- 分类号:
- K903;P931
- 摘要:
- 流域水系形态指示着流域地貌发育和水文过程，研究其形态特征有助于流域水力开发、生态保护、水土流失治理等规划的制定。基于DEM数据，运用分形维数、河段蜿蜒度、灰色关联度和非线性响应模型分析了嘉陵江流域水系形态特征以及侵蚀产沙与水系形态的关系。结果表明：嘉陵江流域内各子流域水系形态差异显著，其中，渠江子流域水系形态分形维数为5.102，水系分叉总数增加最快，分枝形态最复杂，溯源侵蚀能力最强。其余4个子流域水系形态分形维数分别为白龙江子流域3.706，干流上游子流域3.605，干流中下游子流域3.576，涪江子流域3.548。各子流域河段均以低蜿蜒度为主，约占河段总数的73%～82%；中蜿蜒度河段数约占总数的12%～20%。平均输沙量和泥沙淤积量与水系分形维数间的关联度分别为0.618，0.641，与河段平均蜿蜒度的关联度分别为0.588，0.591。河段蜿蜒度和分枝结构复杂度对输沙量的相对贡献率分别为21%和79%，对泥沙淤积量的相对贡献率分别为18%和82%。
- Abstract:
- The features of river system morphology represent the geomorphic development and hydrological processes, which helps make planning for hydropower development, ecological protection and soil and water conservation. However, it is not well understood in the Jialing River Basin, as well as its relation to the sediment yield and deposition. The fractal dimension and the sinuosity of river reaches are used to quantify the river system morphology in the Jialing River Basin. And then, the grey relation degree and nonlinear response model are applied to analyze the relationships between the fractal dimension, the sinuosity of river reaches and the sediment load and deposition, based on the DEM data by GIS software. The results show that the significant differences occur in the river system morphology among sub-basins. Among these sub-basins, the fractal dimension of the Qu River is 5.102, with a fastest bifurcation increment, the most complex branches and the most severe headwater erosion potential. The fractal dimensions for the Bailong River, the upper reach of the main stream, the middle and lower reaches of main stream and the Fu River are 3.706, 3.605, 3.576 and 3.548, respectively, indicating that no significant differences were found among the rest 4 sub-basins except for the Qu River from a perspective of branches complexity. Most of the reaches in each sub-basin are gentle meandering with a proportion about 73%～82% of the total, and the moderate meandering about 12%～20%. The number of high sinuosity reaches in the upper reaches of main stream, the middle and lower reaches of main stream, the Qu Rivers, the Fu River and the Bailong River is 79, 137, 158, 168 and 247, respectively. The grey relation degrees between the mean sediment loads, the depositions and the fractal dimensions are 0.618 and 0.641, respectively, showing stronger influence of the river system complexity on the sediment deposition than the sediment load. And the grey relation degrees between the mean sediment loads, the depositions and the sinuosity of rive reaches are 0.588 and 0.591, respectively, indicating that a more sensitive response of the sediment deposition to the sinuosity of rive reaches than the sediment load. In addition, the relative contributions of the sinuosity of river reaches and the branches structure complexity to the sediment load is 21% and 79%, while they are 18% and 82% for the sediment deposition.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2015-12-29;改回日期:2016-02-23。
基金项目:重庆市教委科技项目“三峡库区河流泥沙负荷变化的驱动力判识研究”（KJ100601）
作者简介:李进林(1991-),男,重庆开州人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为水土保持与生态建设。E-mail:cqnulijinlin@sina.com
通讯作者:韦杰(1979-),男,四川苍溪人,博士,教授,硕士生导师,主要研究方向为土壤侵蚀与水土保持。E-mail:wei_jie@mails.ucas.ac.cn