XU Aiwen,YANG Taibao,HE Yi,et al.Research for Glaciers and Climate Change of K2 on the Northern Slope in the Past 40 Years[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(04):77-82.
近40年乔戈里峰北坡冰川与气候变化关系研究
- Title:
- Research for Glaciers and Climate Change of K2 on the Northern Slope in the Past 40 Years
- 分类号:
- P467;P343.6
- 摘要:
- 以乔戈里峰北坡冰川为研究对象，选取1978年、1991年、2001年、2014年4个时期的Landsat MSS/TM/ETM+/OLI影像，通过遥感图像计算机辅助分类和目视解译等方法提取了不同时期乔戈里峰北坡的冰川边界，并分析了乔戈里峰北坡冰川1978—2014年的进退变化。结果表明：1978—2014年乔戈里峰北坡冰川面积减小了53.37 km2，占1978年冰川总面积的6.81%，冰川近40 a在气候变暖的背景下反而呈现退缩速率由快变慢的趋势，且近10 a冰川退缩尤为缓慢，年均退缩率仅为0.12%。研究区东向冰川退缩率明显高于西向冰川，冰川退缩率随冰川规模的增大而减小，同时也随海拔高度的上升而减小。冰川变化的原因分析显示：气温升高导致研究区冰川退缩，而降水量的持续增加在一定程度上抑制了冰川的退缩；研究区内12条典型前进冰川对冰川积累区面积贡献较大，使得研究区整体冰川退缩率由快变慢的趋势更为显著。
- Abstract:
- Based on four periods of Landsat MSS/TM/ETM+/OLI images of 1978, 1991, 2001, 2014, we selected K2 glaciers on the northern slope as the research sample, glacier boundaries from different periods of K2 on the northern slope were extracted by the computer aided classification and visual interpretation methods using remote sensing images, and we analyzed K2 glaciers on the northern slope changes in the period from 1978 to 2014. The results show that the K2 glaciers on the northern slope areas decreased the 53.37 km2 during the period from 1978 to 2014, accounting for 6.81% of the total glacier areas. Under the background of climate warming, glaciers retreat rate showed the trend from fast to slow in the past 40 years, glacier retreat was very slow in the past 10 years, and the annual retreat rate was only 0.12%. In the study area, the glacier retreat rate on the eastern aspect was much higher than the ones on the western aspect. The glacier retreat rate decreased with the increase of the glacier scale, but decreased with the increase of the altitude. Glacier area change analysis showed that higher temperatures led to the glaciers retreat of the study area, to a certain extent, increasing rainfall inhibited the glaciers retreat; the advance of the 12 typical glaciers in the study area had a greater contribution to glacier areas in accumulation area, making the trend shifting fast shrinkage of the whole glacier to the slow more significant in the study area.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2015-07-01;改回日期:2015-07-18。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目“黄河上游晚更新世河流阶地和冰川演化对千年尺度气候变化的响应”（41271024）；兰州大学地理学基地科研训练及科研能力提高项目（J1210065）
作者简介:许艾文(1992-),女,湖北十堰人,硕士研究生,研究方向为冰川变化与气候响应。E-mail:xuaw92@163.com
通讯作者:杨太保(1962-),男,山西运城人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事自然地理环境变化研究。E-mail:yangtb@lzu.edu.cn