[1]顾璟冉,张兴奇,顾礼彬,等.黔西高原侵蚀性降雨特征分析[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(02):39-43,48.
　GU Gingran,ZHANG Xingqi,GU Libin,et al.Characteristics of Erosive Rianfall Events in West Guizhou Plateau Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(02):39-43,48.
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黔西高原侵蚀性降雨特征分析

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 23 期数: 2016年02期 页码: 39-43,48 栏目: 出版日期: 2016-04-28
Title:
Characteristics of Erosive Rianfall Events in West Guizhou Plateau Area
作者:
顾璟冉1, 张兴奇1, 顾礼彬1, 居祥1, 杨光檄2, 顾再柯2
1. 南京大学 地理与海洋科学学院, 南京 210023;
2. 贵州省水土保持监测站, 贵阳 550002
Author(s):
GU Gingran1, ZHANG Xingqi1, GU Libin1, JU Xiang1, YANG Guangxi2, GU Zaike2
1. School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;
2. Guizhou Monitoring Station of Soil and Water Conservation, Guiyang 550002, China
关键词:
侵蚀性降雨; 降雨特征; 土壤侵蚀模数; 黔西高原地区
Keywords:
erosive rainfall; characteristics of rianfall; soil erosion modulus; west Guizhou plateau area
分类号:
S157
摘要:
侵蚀性降雨的特征与土壤侵蚀的研究密切相关。利用径流小区观测法以及黔西高原地区典型小流域的降雨、径流与泥沙资料，对黔西高原地区侵蚀性降雨的特征进行了分析，结果表明：（1）降雨总动能（E）和最大60分钟雨强（I60）的乘积是研究区降雨侵蚀力（R）的计算指标；（2）中雨以上降雨事件的产沙量约占总产沙量的99.5%，6次暴雨事件的产沙量占总产沙量的79.4%。对大雨以上等级降雨事件的土壤侵蚀模数与降雨特征拟合分析得到：M=1.319EI60以及M=0.328PI60；（3）降雨侵蚀力大于500 MJ·mm/（h·hm2）等级的降雨事件的产沙量占总产沙量的73.6%，对降雨侵蚀力大于100 MJ·mm/（h·hm2）等级的降雨事件的土壤侵蚀模数与降雨特征拟合分析得到：M=1.269EI60以及M=0.324PI60；（4）降雨集中时间在1~6 h的降雨发生概率大，且泥沙侵蚀量大。6月、7月份降雨事件的产沙量占总产沙量的78%左右，汛期（尤其是6月、7月份）的水土保持工作尤为重要。6月、7月份降雨事件的土壤侵蚀模数与降雨特征拟合分析得到：M=1.378EI60以及M=0.346PI60。
Abstract:
Characteristics of erosive rainfall are closely related to studies on soil erosion. Based on field observations of rainfall data, runoff and sediment generation on runoff plots, the characteristics of erosive rainfall in west Guizhou plateau are analysed. The results showed that: (1) rainfall erosivity values(R) is the product of rainfall kinetic energy (E) and the maximum 60 minute rainfall intensity (I60); (2) sediment yield by rainfall of which amount was greater than the moderate event, accounted for 99.5% of the total sediment, furthermore, 79.4% of the total sediment resulted from six heavy rainfall events, soil erosion modulus generated by heavy rainfall events are quantitatively expressed as M=1.319EI60 and M=0.328PI60; (3) rainfall events of which erosivity was greater than 500 MJ·mm/(h·hm2) produced 73.6% of the total sediment, soil erosion modulus resulted from rainfall events of which erosivity was greater than 100 MJ·mm/(h·hm2), are quantitatively expressed as M=1.269EI60 and M=0.324PI60; (4) rainfall events of which duration ranged from 1 to 6 hours occurred frequently, and produced most of sediment, sediment generated from June to July accounted for 78% of the total sediment, soil and water conservation is important in the flooding period (especially from June to July), soil erosion modulus resulted from rainfall events occurred in June and July are quantitatively expressed as M=1.378EI60 and M=0.346PI60.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2015-03-16;改回日期:2015-04-17。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（41371045；KT201007）；贵州省水利厅重点科研项目（KJZD200801；2006200）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目
作者简介:顾璟冉(1989-),女,江苏无锡人,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究。E-mail:15996375091@139.com
通讯作者:张兴奇(1964-),男,贵州仁怀人,博士,副教授,主要从事水资源与水土保持研究。E-mail:zxqrh@nju.edu.cn

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01