[1]刘栩如,张琳,杨磊,等.黄土丘陵区生态退耕中的景观格局演变及其地形驱动[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(01):103-109,116.
　LIU Xuru,ZHANG Lin,YANG Lei,et al.The Effects of Ecological Cropland-Conversion on Landscape Pattern Change and Its Topography Driving in Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(01):103-109,116.
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黄土丘陵区生态退耕中的景观格局演变及其地形驱动

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 23 期数: 2016年01期 页码: 103-109,116 栏目: 出版日期: 2016-02-28
Title:
The Effects of Ecological Cropland-Conversion on Landscape Pattern Change and Its Topography Driving in Loess Hilly Region
作者:
刘栩如1, 张琳1, 杨磊2, 邱扬1, 王军3
1. 北京师范大学 地理学与遥感科学学院, 北京 100875;
2. 中国科学院 生态环境研究中心 城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085;
3. 国土资源部 土地整理中心, 北京 100812
Author(s):
LIU Xuru1, ZHANG Lin1, YANG Lei2, QIU Yang1, WANG Jun3
1. School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;
3. Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100812, China
关键词:
黄土丘陵区; 生态退耕; 土地利用; 景观格局; 地形驱动
Keywords:
loess hilly region; ecological cropland-conversion; land use; landscape pattern; topography driving
分类号:
Q14;F301.24
摘要:
黄土丘陵区大规模生态退耕对该区域土地利用、景观格局及其生态系统服务产生了重要影响。基于野外调查和GIS分析，以典型黄土丘陵小流域大南沟为例，分析了1975—2007年生态退耕前后土地利用结构变化、景观格局演变及其地形驱动。结果表明流域大规模退耕前有小面积弃耕现象，耕地和荒草地稍有减少，林地增加，斑块数量增加，景观格局趋于复杂，破碎化严重。2000年大规模退耕以后，耕地大量减少，退耕地和荒草地约占流域面积75%，林地增加，各景观类型形状趋于简单、分布趋于均匀和集中。随退耕年限增加，林地持续增加，存在小面积的复垦现象，流域景观结构趋于复杂，但整体格局趋于合理。相对海拔和坡度是生态退耕最重要的两个地形驱动因子，大规模退耕后，耕地和果园趋向于中低海拔和坡度较缓的区域分布，荒草地基本不变，退耕地和林地趋向于高海拔和较陡的区域分布。
Abstract:
Significant effects of large-scale ecological cropland-conversion on land use, landscape pattern and its ecosystem service have taken place in the loess hilly region. A typical small catchment in loess hilly region, Da’nangou Catchment, was chosen, and the filed investigation and GIS analysis were combined to analyze the land use structure change, landscape pattern change and its topography driving during the period from 1975 to 2007. The results showed that the spontaneous shift of farmland occurred before large-scale ecological cropland-conversion, during this period, area of cropland and waste-grassland reduced a little while forestland increased. The number of patches became more, the landscape pattern became more complex and fragmentation became more serious. In 2000, area of cropland reduced greatly, the proportion of natural waste-grassland and abandoned land was 75% of the area of the whole catchment, and forestland increased after the implementation of large-scale ecological cropland conversion. Shape of all landscape types became simple and the distribution became homogeneous and concentration. With the increase of ecological cropland-conversion years, area of forestland increased continuously, but small area of cultivation occurred during this period. Meanwhile, landscape structure became more complex, but whole landscape pattern became more reasonable. Relative altitude and slope were the two most important topography impact factors on the ecological cropland conversion. After the implementation of large-scale ecological cropland conversion, the distribution of cropland and orchard tends to area with the lower altitude and gentle slope, and natural waste-grassland had no significant changes, while the distribution of abandoned land and forestland tends to the area with higher altitude and steep slope.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2014-12-11;改回日期:2015-03-10。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（30970503，41401209，41390462）
作者简介:刘栩如(1988-),女,辽宁本溪人,硕士研究生,研究方向为植物地理与景观生态。E-mail:421254495@qq.com
通讯作者:邱扬(1969-),男,四川仁寿人,博士,副教授,主要从事景观生态、干扰生态与植物生态、土地侵蚀与水土保持研究。E-mail:qiuyang69@263.net

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01