CAI Jinjun,ZHANG Yuanrun,PAN Zhanbing,et al.The Characteristics of Spatiotemporal Variability of Soil Water of Alfalfa Fields in Hilly and Gully Loess Regions of Ningxia[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(01):75-79,85.
宁夏黄土丘陵区苜蓿土壤水分的时空变异特征
- Title:
- The Characteristics of Spatiotemporal Variability of Soil Water of Alfalfa Fields in Hilly and Gully Loess Regions of Ningxia
- 分类号:
- S152.7
- 摘要:
- 土壤水分是影响半干旱区植被生长和生态修复的限制性生态因子，开展土壤水分变化研究对脆弱生态系统的恢复和生产实践活动的指导都具有重要作用和实际意义。对半干旱黄土丘陵区苜蓿在时空尺度上土壤水分状况的变化规律进行了分析。结果显示：（1）不同类型苜蓿土壤体积含水量的年际变化规律大致相同，生长季变化大致可分为三个时期：土壤水分消耗期（3—5月）、土壤水分相对稳定期（6—7月）和土壤水分积累期（8—10月）；（2）以不同深度土壤体积含水量的变异系数为标准，可将土壤水分的垂直分布划分为三个层次：0—20 cm土壤水分速变层、20—80 cm土壤水分活跃层和80—180 cm土壤水分相对稳定层；（3）土壤体积含水量的坡向变化规律为西坡 > 北坡 > 南坡 > 东坡，不同年份规律大致相同，但有小范围的波动，坡位变化规律为坡上 < 坡中 < 坡下，不同年份间的变化基本一致。
- Abstract:
- Soil moisture is one of the restrictive ecological factors affecting the growth of vegetation and ecological restoration in the semi-arid region, the research for variation of soil moisture has the important role and practical significance for guidance to fragile ecosystems restoration and production practices. The temporal and spatial scales of variation of soil moisture condition in alfalfa fields were analyzed in semi-arid loess hilly region. The results showed that: (1) the inter annual variation of soil volumetric water contents in different types of alfalfa fileds was substantially same, variations in the growing season could be roughly divided into three periods: the soil water consumption period (from March to May), relative soil moisture stabilization period (from June to July) and soil moisture accumulation period (from August to October); (2) if the coefficients of variation of the soil volumetric water contents in different soil depths were set as the standard, vertical distribution could be divided into three layers in soil profile: soil moisture rapid change layer(0—20 cm), soil moisture active layer(20—80 cm), and soil moisture relative stabilizing layer(80—180 cm); (3) soil volumetric water contents decreased in the order: the west slope>north slope > south slope > east slope, the patterns of soil water contents were almost the same in different years in terms of the slope aspects, but there were small-scale fluctuations, the variation levels increased in the order: upper slope < middle slope < down slope with respect to the slope positions, the variation was roughly same in different years.
参考文献/References:
[1] 陈有君,关世英,李绍良,等.内蒙古浑善达克沙地土壤水分状况的分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2000,14(1):80-85.
[2] 刘苑秋,王红胜,郭胜茂,等.江西省退化石灰岩红壤区重建森林土壤水分与降水量和蒸发量的关系[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(12):2588-2592.
[3] 刘冰,赵文智,常学向,等.黑河流域荒漠区土壤水分对降水脉动响应[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(3):716-722.
[4] 朱乐天,焦峰,刘源鑫,等.黄土丘陵区不同土地利用类型土壤水分时空变异特征[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(6):115-118.
[5] 杨磊,卫伟,莫保儒,等.半干旱黄土丘陵区不同人工植被恢复土壤水分的相对亏缺[J].生态学报,2011,31(11):3060-3068.
[6] 姚雪玲,傅伯杰,吕一河.黄土丘陵沟壑区坡面尺度土壤水分空间变异及影响因子[J].生态学报,2012,32(16):4961-4968.
[7] 戚志强,玉永雄,胡跃高,等.当前我国苜蓿产业发展的形势与任务[J].草业学报,2008,17(1):107-113.
[8] 刘昌明.西北地区水资源配置生态环境建设和可持续发展战略研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[9] 黄志刚,李锋瑞,曹云,等.南方红壤丘陵区杜仲人工林土壤水分动态[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(9):1937-1944.
[10] 黄志刚,欧阳志云,李锋瑞,等.南方丘陵区不同坡地利用方式土壤水分动态[J].生态学报,2009,29(6):3136-3146.
[11] 何其华,何永华,包维楷.干旱半干旱区山地土壤水分动态变化[J].山地学报,2003,21(2):149-156.
[12] 潘颜霞,王新平.荒漠人工植被区浅层土壤水分空间变化特征分析[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(2):250-256.
[13] 孙忠峰,张学培,张晓明,等.晋西黄土区林地坡面土壤水分异质性研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2004,22(2):81-86.
[14] 陈海滨,孙长忠,安锋,等.黄土高原沟壑区林地土壤水分特征的研究(Ⅰ):土壤水分的垂直变化和季节变化特征[J].西北林学院学报,2003,18(4):13-16.
[15] 舒维花,蒋齐,王占军,等.宁夏盐池沙地不同密度人工柠条林土壤水分时空变化分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2012,26(12):172-176.
[16] 朱宝文,郑有飞,陈晓光.高寒针茅草原植物生长季土壤水分动态变化规律[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(3):96-100.
[17] 包志刚,陈晓燕,田有亮,等.大青山不同植被下的土壤水分动态[J].内蒙古农业大学学报,2009,30(1):124-126.
[18] 孔亮,蒙宽宏,陈宇,等.黑龙江省东部山地灌木林土壤水分动态变化[J].东北林业大学学报,2005,33(5):44-46.
[19] 王晶,朱清科,刘中奇,等.黄土丘陵区不同林地土壤水分动态变化[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(1):220-223.
[20] 刘强,王军,李艳红,等.红松人工林生态系统土壤含水率变化规律[J].东北林业大学学报,2011,39(2):60-63.
[21] 王孟本,李洪建.晋西北黄土区人工林土壤水分动态的定量研究[J].生态学报,1995,15(2):178-184.
[22] 梁超,郝文芳,袁丁.黄土丘陵区不同植被群落土壤水分研究[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(2):103-106.
[23] 王礼先.水土保持学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1995.
相似文献/References:
[1]祝顺波,许文年,刘刚,等.坡度对紫花苜蓿和狗牙根光合生理特性的影响[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(02):218.
ZHU Shun-bo,XU Wen-nian,LIU Gang,et al.Effect of Slope Gradient on Physiological Characteristic of Mediccago sativa and Cynodon dactylon[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):218.
[2]万素梅,胡守林,黄庆辉,等.不同苜蓿品种头茬草土壤水分动态分析[J].水土保持研究,2004,11(02):138.
WAN Su-mei,HU Shou-lin,HUANG Qing-hui,et al.Studies on Dynamic Change of Soil Water to Different Alfalfa Varities in the First Harvest[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2004,11(01):138.
[3]胡守林,顾明德,王汉全,等.不同紫花苜蓿品种营养价值分析[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(04):217.
HU Shou-lin,GU Ming-de,WANG Han-quan,et al.Analysis on Nutrition Value of Different Alfalfa Cultivars[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(01):217.
[4]王晓凌,陈明灿,李凤民,等.黄土高原土壤干层水分恢复与作物产量响应[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(03):1.
WANG Xiao-ling,CHEN Ming-can,LI Feng-min,et al.Water Restoration of Dry Soil Layers in the Loess Plateau and Crop Yield Response[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(01):1.
[5]强小嫚,蔡焕杰,周新国,等.紫花苜蓿冠气温差与蒸腾速率变化规律的试验研究[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(03):212.
QIANG Xiao-man,CAI Huan-jie,ZHOU Xin-guo,et al.Experimental Study on Variation of Canopy-air Temperature Difference and Transpiration Rate of Alfalfa[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(01):212.
[6]霍海丽,王琦,张恩和,等.灌溉和施磷对紫花苜蓿干草产量及营养成分的影响[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(01):117.
HUO Hai-li,WANG Qi,ZHANG En-he,et al.Effects of Irrigation and Phosphorus Supply Levels on Hay Yield and Quality of Alfalfa[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(01):117.
[7]赵莉.氮添加对紫花苜蓿根区土壤养分及土壤微生物量的影响[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(06):35.
ZHAO Li.Effects of Nitrogen Addition on the Soil Nutrient and Microbial Biomass in Root Zone of Medicagosativa[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(01):35.
[8]冯伟,李卫,杨文斌,等.毛乌素沙地樟子松固沙林土壤水分对降雨的动态响应[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(03):101.
FENG Wei,LI Wei,YANG Wenbin,et al.Dynamic Response of Soil Moisture to Rainfall in the Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Sand Fixation Forest of Mu Us Sandy Land[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(01):101.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2015-08-12;改回日期:2015-09-02。
基金项目:“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题（2015BAC01B01）；宁夏科技支撑计划重点项目（2012ZZS50）；宁夏国际合作项目（2012ZYH169）
作者简介:蔡进军(1976-),男,宁夏平罗人,硕士,副研究员,主要研究方向:黄土丘陵区流域生态修复。E-mail:nxyccai@163.com