LI Huiting,XU Liping,GUO Peng,et al.Analysis of Landscape Pattern Evolution Characteristic and Terrain Gradient Feature from 1990 to 2010 in the Manas River Basin, Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(06):273-278.
玛纳斯河流域景观格局变化与地形控制分析
- Title:
- Analysis of Landscape Pattern Evolution Characteristic and Terrain Gradient Feature from 1990 to 2010 in the Manas River Basin, Xinjiang
- 分类号:
- X171.1
- 摘要:
- 以1990年、2000年、2005年、2010年四个时期的土地利用覆盖数据，玛河流域DEM为基础数据来源，在ArcGIS软件和Fragstats 3.4的支持下，采用景观单元类型转移矩阵、主要景观演化类型的地形梯度分析和空间数据叠加等方法分析了玛纳斯河流域的景观格局现状和演变特征，以及这种变化的影响因素。研究结果表明：玛纳斯河流域1990—2010年土地利用类型变化显著，荒漠、草地、水域以及林地面积都出现了不同程度的减少，耕地面积不断增加；玛纳斯河流域斑块形状总体趋向规则与简单的发展趋势；景观单元演变的地形梯度特征显著，表现为在各高程梯度、坡向梯度以及坡度梯度分布存在明显的地域分异规律，尤其与高程和坡度因子密切相关。说明玛纳斯河流域在经济快速发展的同时土地利用越来越丰富，规模和强度也在增大，但影响了景观稳定性和抗干扰性能。
- Abstract:
- Landscape pattern analysis is the intuitive way to recognize the evolution of the regional ecological environment. We took the Manas River Basin as study area, and obtained the changes of data relating to landscape pattern indices using ArcGIS and the landscape pattern analysis software Fragstats 3.4 with remote sensing images of 1990, 2000, 2005, 2010 and digital elevation model data as information source. Some methods such as landscape transition matrix, spatial data overlay analysis were used to analyze the main landscape evolution and evolution of landscape pattern characteristics as well as the factors. The primary conclusions were as follows. Land use changed significantly, the landscape pattern concentrated mainly in the transformation of grassland and unused land to farmland and urban and rural, industrial and residential lands. Patch shape trended to simpleness and regularity in general. Topographic gradient feature of the landscape unit transformed significantly, showing that each elevation gradient, slope gradient and slope gradient distribution existed obvious geographical diversity, particularly were closely related to the elevation and slope factors. It was described that land use has become increasingly diverse with the rapid economic development, the scale and intensity also increased, but it impacted the landscape stability and robustness.
参考文献/References:
[1] Turner Ii B L, Skole D, Sanderson S, et al. Land-use and land-cover change. Science/Research plan[R]. IHDP Report,1995.
[2] 冯仕超,高小红,亢健,等.西宁市30多年来土地利用/土地覆被变化及城市扩展研究[J].干旱区研究,2012,29(1):129-136.
[3] 傅伯杰,邱扬,陈利顶.景观生态学的原理及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[4] 邬建国.景观生态学:格局、过程、尺度与等级[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[5] 程刚,张祖陆,吕建树.基于CA-Markov模型的三川流域景观格局分析及动态预测[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(4):999-1005.
[6] 刘铁冬.杂谷脑河流域近30年景观格局时空演变研究[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(3):98-102.
[7] 宫继萍,石培基,杨雪梅,等.干旱区内陆河流域景观格局及其与环境因子的关系研究①[J].土壤,2013,45(1):143-151.
[8] 张飞,丁建丽,王伯超,等.干旱区绿洲土地利用/覆被及景观格局变化特征:以新疆精河县为例[J].生态学报,2009,29(3):1251-1263.
[9] 魏伟,石培基,周俊菊,等.近20多年来石羊河流域景观格局演变特征[J].干旱区资源与环境,2013,27(2):156-161.
[10] 张国坤,邓伟,吕宪国,等.新开河流域湿地景观格局动态变化过程研究[J].自然资源学报,2007,22(2):204-210.
[11] 么欣欣,韩春兰,刘洪彬,等.基于RS与GIS的沈阳市土地利用及景观格局变化[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(2):158-161.
[12] 张明阳,王克林,何萍,等.白洋淀流域景观空间格局变化研究[J].资源科学,2005,27(2):134-140.
[13] Tischendorf L. Can landscape indices predict ecological processes consistently[J]. Landscape Ecology,2001,16(3):235-254.
[14] 李丹,刘丹丹,赵金祥.基于DEM的山区土地利用变化分析[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(1):66-70.
[15] 陈丹,周启刚,何昌华,等.重庆山地都市区1985-2010年土地利用变化地形特征分异研究[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(5):210-220.
[16] 高彦净,巩杰,贾珍珍,等.甘肃白龙江流域土地利用在地形梯度上的空间分布[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版,2014,50(5):680-686.
[17] 卫国,文倩,刘艳艳,等.基于DEM的醴陵市土地利用空间格局分析[J].资源科学,2008,30(2):228-234.
[18] 卜心国,王仰麟,沈春竹,等.深圳市地形对土地利用动态的影响[J].地理研究,2009,28(4):1011-1021.
[19] 赖先齐.绿洲盐渍化弃耕地生态重建研究[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2007.
[20] 张宏锋,欧阳志云,郑华,等.新疆玛纳斯河流域景观格局变化及其生态效应[J].应用生态学报.2009.20(6):1408-1414.
[21] McGarigal K, Cushman S A, Neel M C, et al. FRAGSTATS:spatial pattern analysis program for categorical maps[EB/OL]. www.umass.edu/landeco/research/fragstats/fragstats.html,2002.
[22] 姜亮亮,刘海隆,包安明.玛纳斯河流域景观格局演变特征与驱动机制分析[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(4):256-262.
相似文献/References:
[1]文倩,李青松,孙水娟.中南丘陵区不同土壤类型下的土地利用景观格局分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):90.
WEN Qian,LI Qing-song,SUN Shui-juan.Research on the Land Use Landscape Pattern of Different Soil Types in Central-south Hilly Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(06):90.
[2]春风,银山.基于RS与GIS的鄂托克旗景观格局动态变化分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):100.
CHUN Feng,YIN Shan.Analysis on the Dynamic Change of Landscape Patterns in Etuoke County Based on RS and GIS[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(06):100.
[3]张凤太,张军以,苏维词.喀斯特峰丛洼地农业生产活动的景观效应初探[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):191.
ZHANG Feng-tai,ZHANG Jun-yi,SU Wei-ci.Preliminary Research for the Influence of Agricultural Production Activities on the Landscape in Karst Peak-cluster[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(06):191.
[4]张桐艳,贺敬滢,李光录,等.基于水土流失风险的流域景观格局识别方法研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):175.
ZHANG Tong-yan,HE Jing-ying,LI Guang-lu,et al.Method of Watershed Landscape Pattern Analysis Based on the Risk of Soil and Water Loss[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(06):175.
[5]赵银兵,倪忠云,陈陵康,等.西藏曲水-桑日地区1988-2009年土地利用景观格局演变研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):180.
ZHAO Yin-bing,CHEN Ling-kang,NAN Xi,et al.Study on Landscape Evolution in Qushui-Sangri Area of Tibet from 1988 to 2009[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(06):180.
[6]赵志刚,王凯荣,向开成,等.冀东平原农业景观格局与生态服务价值研究——以滦县为例[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):221.
ZHAO Zhi-gang,WANG Kai-rong,XIANG Kai-cheng,et al.Assessment on Agricultural Landscape Pattern and Ecosystem Service Values of Jidong Plain——A Case Study of Luan County[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(06):221.
[7]田媛,许月卿,吴艳芳.环京津冀北贫困带土地利用/覆被变化研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):82.
TIAN Yuan,XU Yue-qing,WU Yan-fang.Study on Land Use/Land Cover Change in the Northern Poverty Belt of Hebei Province around Beijing and Tianjin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(06):82.
[8]丁艳,王辉.生态脆弱带水土流失对农业景观的影响——以云南省丽江地区永胜县为例[J].水土保持研究,2001,8(02):100.
DING Yan,WANG Hui.Effects on Agriculture Landscape by Water and Soil Loss in Ecotone In a Case Study：Yongsheng County of Lijiang in Yunnan Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2001,8(06):100.
[9]杨庆媛.小流域土地整理与农村经济可持续发展研究——以云南省牟定县飒马场小流域为例[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(04):109.
YANG Qing-yuan.Study on Land Consolidation and Sustainable Development of Rural Economy——A Case Study of Samachang Small Watershed,Mouding County,Yunnan Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(06):109.
[10]张丽,王秀茹,刘兰华,等.黑河流域额济纳绿洲景观格局分析[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(04):124.
ZHANG Li,WANG Xiu-ru,LIU Lan-hua,et al.Analysis of Ejina Oasis Landscape Pattern of Heihe River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(06):124.
[11]韩蓉,唐湘玲.玛纳斯河流域近14年多尺度粒度变化对土地利用景观格局的影响[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(02):194.
HAN Rong,TANG Xiangling.Influence of Grain Size Change on Land Use Landscape Pattern in Manasi River Basin in Recent 14 Years[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(06):194.
[12]梁二敏,张军民.新疆玛纳斯河流域景观格局变化的生态安全分析[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(03):170.
LIANG Ermin,ZHANG Junmin.Analysis of Ecological Security of Landscape Pattern in Manas River Watershed of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(06):170.
[13]姜亮亮,包安明,刘海隆,等.玛纳斯流域生态需水变化与景观格局的响应关系研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(03):143.
JIANG Liangliang,BAO Anming,LIU Hailong,et al.Study on the Repones Relationship Between Ecological Water Requirement and Landscape Pattern in Manas River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(06):143.
[14]姜亮亮,刘海隆,包安明,等.玛纳斯河流域景观格局演变特征与驱动机制分析[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(04):256.
JIANG Liang-liang,LIU Hai-long,BAO An-ming,et al.Analysis on Landscape Pattern Change and Driving Mechanism in Manas River Watershed[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(06):256.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2014-12-12;改回日期:2014-12-31。
基金项目:国家自然科学资助项目“天山北麓土地覆被变化与局地气候互动效应研究”（41001387）
作者简介:李慧婷(1989-),女,河南周口人,硕士研究生,研究方向:全球变化与环境响应。E-mail:1364962664@qq.com
通讯作者:徐丽萍(1978-),女,新疆库尔勒人,副教授,主要从事土地覆被变化与景观生态方面的研究。E-mail:xlpalw@sina.com