LI Yingchen,HOU Cuicui,LI Xiaoyu,et al.Effects of Different Straw Returning Patterns on Soil Respiration in Sloping Cropland of the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(05):122-126,132.
不同秸秆还田方式对黄土高原坡耕地土壤呼吸的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Straw Returning Patterns on Soil Respiration in Sloping Cropland of the Loess Plateau
- Keywords:
- sloping cropland; straw mulching; straw incorporation; soil respiration; spatial difference
- 分类号:
- S154;S513
- 摘要:
- 选取豫西黄土高原典型玉米坡耕地，设置常规耕作+秸秆不还田（CT），常规耕作+秸秆还田（TSI）和常规耕作+秸秆覆盖（TSM）3种处理，采用LI-8100A土壤碳通量测定系统，研究非生长季不同秸秆还田方式对土壤呼吸时空变化的影响。结果表明：CT，TSI，TSM处理下土壤呼吸速率随时间变化趋势基本一致，变化范围分别为0.22～1.23，0.29～1.35，0.26～0.91 μmol/（m2·s），在温度和水分较低时段3者差异不显著，在温度和水分较高的时段3种处理土壤呼吸差异显著，表现为TSI > CT > TSM。3种处理不同坡位土壤呼吸有明显差异，总体表现为坡下 > 坡中 > 坡上，TSM处理下土壤呼吸空间异质性明显低于其他两种处理；不同坡位土壤温度和水分呈现明显的差异性，表现为坡下 > 坡中 > 坡上，并随温度和水分的升高，空间差异性增大。不同处理下土壤呼吸与温度和水分都呈现出显著的线性相关关系（p < 0.01）。秸秆覆盖在非生长季能有效减少土壤呼吸量，而秸秆还田增加土壤呼吸量，因此秸秆覆盖从减少温室气体排放的角度是较合理的秸秆还田方式。
- Abstract:
- The typical maize sloping cropland was selected in the Loess Plateau of west He’nan to investigate the effect of different straw returning patterns on soil respiration using LI-8100A soil carbon fluxes measuring system. Three patterns of straw returning were set up: conventional tillage with no straw returning (CT), conventional tillage with straw incorporation into the soil (TSI) and conventional tillage with straw mulch on soil surface (TSM). The results indicated that the tendency of soil respiration in the studied period was similar under different straw returning patterns, and soil respiration varied from 0.22～1.23, 0.29～1.35, 0.26～0.91 μmol/(m2·s), respectively. The difference of soil respiration rates among three patterns was significant when the soil temperature and moisture was high, and soil respiration decreased in the order: TSI > CT > TSM; Soil respiration rates under different slope position were obviously different in all three treatments, decreasing in the order: lower position>middle position>upper position. The spatial difference of soil respiration was less under TSM treatment than other treatments, and the difference was significant as the soil temperature and moisture was higher. Soil temperature and moisture were significant different under different positions, decreasing in the order: lower position > middle position > upper position. There was significant linear relationship between soil respiration and soil temperature and moisture (p < 0.01) under all three treatments. Straw mulching decreased soil respiration in non-growing season, therefore, straw mulching was a rational method of straw returning from the point of reducing greenhouse gas emission.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2014-10-13;改回日期:2014-11-10。
基金项目:河南师范大学博士科研启动课题（qd12129，qd12126）；国际原子能机构合作项目（17680）
作者简介:李英臣(1982-),男,山东聊城人,博士,副教授.主要从事坡耕地温室气体排放研究。E-mail:xiayuchen211@163.com