[1]花东文,温仲明,杨士梭,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区土地利用景观格局变化分析——以延河流域为例[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(05):86-91.
　HUA Dongwen,WEN Zhongming,YANG Shisuo,et al.Analysis on the Change of Land-Use Landscape Pattern of the Hill and Gully Region of the Loess Plateau —A Case Study of the Yanhe River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(05):86-91.
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黄土丘陵沟壑区土地利用景观格局变化分析——以延河流域为例

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 22 期数: 2015年05期 页码: 86-91 栏目: 出版日期: 2015-10-28
Title:
Analysis on the Change of Land-Use Landscape Pattern of the Hill and Gully Region of the Loess Plateau —A Case Study of the Yanhe River Basin
作者:
花东文1,2, 温仲明1,3, 杨士梭3, 苗连朋4
1. 中国科学院 水利部 水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
3. 西北农林科技大学 水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
4. 西北农林科技大学 资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
Author(s):
HUA Dongwen1,2, WEN Zhongming1,3, YANG Shisuo3, MIAO Lianpeng4
1. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
4. College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
关键词:
景观格局; 土地利用; 景观指数; 延河流域; 黄土丘陵沟壑区
Keywords:
landscape pattern; land use; landscape index; Yanhe River basin; hill and gully region of the Loess Plateau
分类号:
F301
摘要:
为了给黄土丘陵沟壑区土地资源的合理利用和生态环境的改善提供依据，以延河流域为研究对象，应用GIS技术和景观格局指数分析方法，对研究区1978—2010年的土地利用景观结构特征、斑块特征和空间格局的变化规律进行了系统分析。结果表明：（1）延河流域各景观类型的变化幅度表现为：耕地 > 林地 > 草地 > 建设用地 > 水域，研究区1978—1990年变化速率最快的景观类型是草地，1990—2000年是林地，2000—2010年是建设用地，由以耕地为主导的景观结构转变为林地—草地复合的景观结构；（2）研究区破碎度较高的景观类型是耕地和草地，斑块形状也较复杂，主要是受地形地貌因素的影响。林地、建设用地和水域受人类活动的干扰强烈，斑块分布趋于集中化，破碎度较小，形状较为简单；（3）32年来，延河流域土地利用景观格局经历了“耕地主导—相对平衡—林草主导”的变化过程，向着集中化和简单化的方向发展，抗干扰能力降低，不利于景观的稳定性，但有利于生态环境的改善。
Abstract:
In order to provide the basis for the rational utilization of land resources and the improvement of ecological environment of the hill and gully region of the Loess Plateau, Yanhe River Basin was investigated in this paper. Using GIS technology and landscape index analysis method, the dynamic change of land-use landscape structure characteristics, patch characteristics and spatial pattern of study area from 1978 to 2010 were systematically analyzed. Results showed that: (1) the change rate of landscape types of Yanhe River basin followed the sequence of cultivated land > forest land > grass land > construction land > water body. Grass land changed with the fastest rate from 1978 to 1990, and forest land changed with the fastest rate from 1990 to 2000, and construction land changed with the fastest rate from 2000 to 2010. The landscape structure dominated by cultivated land changed into the structure dominated by forest land and grass land; (2) affected by the topographical and geomorphic factor, the fragmentation of grass land and cultivated land was higher than other landscape types and their patch shapes were more complex. The patch distribution of forestland, construction land and water body tended to be concentrated and their patch shapes and fragmentation were relatively simple and low because of the heavy interference of human activities; (3) for the past 32 years, the land-use landscape pattern of Yanhe River basin had experienced a dynamic process, and it turned from the pattern dominated by cultivated land to the relative balance pattern and then to the pattern dominated by forestland and grass land. Landscape pattern developed towards the centralized and simplistic direction and their anti-interference ability became lower. It was harmful for the landscape stability, but was conducive to the improvement of ecological environment.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2014-11-10;改回日期:2014-11-24。
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划子课题“黄河中游主要来沙区林草减沙作用分析”[2012BAB02B05-（3）]；中国科学院重点部署项目子课题“不同区域典型支流水沙变化对退耕还林等坡面工程的响应”（KZZD-EW-04-03-03）
作者简介:花东文(1989-),男,河南信阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为GIS在水土保持中的应用。E-mail:huadongwen@126.com
通讯作者:温仲明(1969-),男,陕西定边人,副研究员,博士,主要从事植被恢复生态重建研究。E-mail:zmwen@ms.iswc.ac.cn

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01