GUO Hong,LIU Tianpeng,DU Yifei,et al.Spatial Variability of Soil Nutrients in the Apple Orchards on the Scale of County in the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(03):21-27.
黄土高原县域苹果园土壤养分空间变异特征研究
- Title:
- Spatial Variability of Soil Nutrients in the Apple Orchards on the Scale of County in the Loess Plateau
- 分类号:
- S158.9
- 摘要:
- 在渭北黄土高原苹果主产县陕西省黄陵县采集304个苹果园0—40 cm土层的土壤样品进行养分测定，并应用地统计学及GIS空间分析技术对其空间变异特征进行了研究和探讨，以期为该地区合理施肥提供科学指导。结果表明：该地区果园土壤硝态氮和速效磷变异系数最大，pH值最小。变异系数的大小顺序依次为硝态氮 > 速效磷 > 全磷 > 铵态氮 > 速效钾 > 全钾 > 全氮 > CEC > 有机质 > pH值。土壤全磷和有机质的最佳拟合模型是高斯模型，而全氮、铵态氮和速效钾的最好拟合效果是球状模型，全钾用线性模型拟合效果最好，有效磷、pH值、硝态氮和CEC以指数模型来分析效果最佳。土壤pH值、铵态氮、有效磷、速效钾和CEC的空间相关性很强，其C0/（C0+C）分别为0.17%，7.47%，11.81%，2.95%和24.24%，有机质、全氮、全磷和硝态氮C0/（C0+C）为40.72%，28.16%，46.44%，49.98%，空间相关性中等，土壤全钾的C0/（C0+C）为100%，空间相关性非常弱。研究区苹果园土壤有机质和氮含量偏低，磷、钾较丰富，在今后的施肥过程中需要增施有机肥，适量施用氮磷钾肥。
- Abstract:
- Spatial variability of soil nutrients was studied based on geostatistics and spatial analysis of GIS by collecting 304 soil samples (0—40 cm) from apple orchards in Huangling County which is one of the main apple producing county in the Weibei area of the Loess Plateau, Shaanxi Province, and determination of the soil nutrients in order to provide scientific guidance for the reasonable fertilization. The results showed that the variation coefficients of the soil nitrate and available P were the largest, and the smallest for pH. The order of the variation coefficient of soil nutrients was nitrate N > available P > total P > ammonium N > available K > total K > total N > CEC > organic matter > pH. The fitting semi-variance model for total P and organic matter was Gaussian, and the best matching effect of soil total N, ammonium N and available K was the spherical model, soil total K got the best effect usig the linear model, but the soil available P, pH, nitrate N and CEC were well discribled by exponential model. The results of semi-variance analysis showed that the nugget/sill ratios of soil pH, ammonium N, available P, available K and CEC were 0.17%, 7.47%, 11.81%, 2.95% and 24.24%, respectively, and their spatial correlations were very strong. The nugget/sill ratios of soil organic matter, total N, total P and nitrate N were 40.72%, 28.16%, 46.44% and 49.98%, respectively, their spatial correlations were medium. The nugget/sill ratio of soil total K was 100%, their spatial correlation was very weak. In the study area, we found that the contents of soil organic matter and N were low, but the soil P and K were high. It is needed to increase the amount of organic fertilizer, and keep the rational rates of the N, P, K fertilizes in the future.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2015-03-04;改回日期:2015-03-16。
基金项目:陕西省黄陵县果业局横向经费（A304021308）；公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201103005-9）；国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-28）；“十二五”科技支撑计划（2014 BAD16 B02）；陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划（2011 KTZB02-02-05）；西北农林科技大学推广专项（Z222021211）；陕西省农业专项资助（K332021313）
作者简介:郭宏(1989-),女,山西省吕梁市人,硕士研究生,研究方向:生态环境工程。E-mail:lehuo1025@163.com
通讯作者:李会科(1965-),男,陕西省武功镇人,副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向:苹果园生草、肥水管理等。E-mail:lihuike@nwsuaf.edu.cn