[1]肖海,夏振尧,杨悦舒,等.三峡库区小流域模型侵蚀产沙空间分布试验研究[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(04):12-16,20.
　XIAO Hai,XIA Zhen-yao,YANG Yue-shu,et al.Simulation Experimental Research on Spatial Distribution of Erosion Yield in Small Watershed in Three Gorges Reservoir Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(04):12-16,20.
点击复制

三峡库区小流域模型侵蚀产沙空间分布试验研究

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 21 期数: 2014年04期 页码: 12-16,20 栏目: 出版日期: 2014-08-28
Title:
Simulation Experimental Research on Spatial Distribution of Erosion Yield in Small Watershed in Three Gorges Reservoir Region
作者:
肖海1, 夏振尧2, 杨悦舒1, 梁永哲3, 詹槟赫1
1. 三峡大学 土木与建筑学院, 湖北 宜昌 443002;
2. 三峡地区地质灾害与 生态环境湖北省协同创新中心, 湖北 宜昌 443002;
3. 三峡大学 水利与环境学院, 湖北 宜昌 443002
Author(s):
XIAO Hai1, XIA Zhen-yao2, YANG Yue-shu1, LIANG Yong-zhe3, ZHAN Bin-he1
1. College of Civil Engineering & Architecture, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China;
2. Collaborative Innovation Center for Geo-Hazards and Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Area, Yichang 443002, China;
3. College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
关键词:
REE示踪; 三峡库区; 紫色土; 小流域; 空间分布
Keywords:
REE tracing method; Three Gorges Reservoir Area; purple soil; small watershed; spatial distribution
分类号:
S157.1
摘要:
小流域是水土保持研究的基本单元，对其不同地貌部位泥沙来源及侵蚀过程的了解是预测和防治流域水土流失的重点。通过建立三峡库区小流域模型，实施降雨强度分别为60，90，120 mm/h的三场人工模拟降雨，并结合REE示踪技术，对小流域模型侵蚀产沙空间分布进行了定量研究。结果表明：三场降雨径流量及侵蚀量均随雨强增加，但径流量的增加幅度远大于侵蚀量。小流域内侵蚀量及相对贡献率空间分布规律一致，均是主沟沟道Ⅴ、Ⅵ区最大，靠近主沟的Ⅱ、Ⅳ及Ⅷ次之，位于小流域边缘的Ⅰ、Ⅲ及Ⅶ三区侵蚀量相对较小。总体来看，沟道系统的侵蚀贡献率均大于坡面系统，呈现沟道系统的泥沙贡献率逐渐减小，坡面系统泥沙贡献率则逐渐增大的趋势。本研究为REE示踪技术在三峡库区小流域的应用提供了技术参考，并为该地区水土保持的开展提供理论依据。
Abstract:
Small watershed is the basic unit for soil and water conservation. Understanding the spatial distribution of erosion yield is important to predict and control watershed soil erosion. In this research, a watershed model was established based on a field survey of a small watershed located in Three Gorges Reservoir region. REE tracing method was applied to investigate the spatial distribution of erosion yield in small watershed during three simulated rainfall events with intensities of 60, 90 and 120 mm/h. The results showed that the runoff and erosion increased with the increase of rainfall intensity, but the runoff increased much faster than erosion. Meanwhile, the pattern of spatial distribution of erosion and contribution rate was the same, the main channel Ⅴ and Ⅵ were the largest, Ⅱ, Ⅳ and Ⅷ which were close to the main channel were the second, and the erosion rates at the position located at the edge of the small watershed Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅶ were relatively smaller. Overall, the erosion contribution rate of channel system was greater than that of the slope system. The former decreased slowly while the latter increased gradually. This study can provide technical reference for applying REE tracing method to the watershed in Three Gorges Reservoir region and theoretical basis for soil and water conservation in this area.

参考文献/References:

[1] 熊平生,谢世友,谢金宁.初探三峡水库湿地面临的问题及其对策[J].国土与自然资源研究,2004(4):60-62.
[2] Kimoto A, Nearing M A, Shipitalo M J, et al. Multi-year tracking of sediment sources in a small agricultural watershed using rare earth elements[J]. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2006,31(14):1763-1774.
[3] Zhang X C, Friedrich J M, Nearing M A, et al. Potential use of rare earth oxides as tracers for soil erosion and aggregation studies[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal,2001,65(5):1508-1515.
[4] 吴普特,刘普灵.沟坡侵蚀REE示踪法试验研究初探[J].水土保持研究,1997,4(2):69-74.
[5] Shi H, Tian J, Liu P, et al. A study on sediment sources in a small watershed by using REE tracer method[J]. Science in China Series E:Technological Sciences,1997,40(1):12-20.
[6] Polyakov V O, Kimoto A, Nearing M A, et al. Tracing sediment movement on a semiarid watershed using rare earth elements[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal,2009,73(5):1559-1565.
[7] Polyakov V O, Nearing M A, Shipitalo M J. Tracking sediment redistribution in a small watershed:implications for agro-landscape evolution[J]. Earth surface processes and landforms,2004,29(10):1275-1291.
[8] Kimoto A, Nearing M A, Zhang X C, et al. Applicability of rare earth element oxides as a sediment tracer for coarse-textured soils[J]. Catena,2006,65(3):214-221.
[9] 李雅琦,吴普特,刘普灵,等.REE示踪法研究土壤侵蚀的室内模拟试验[J].水土保持研究,1997,4(2):26-33.
[10] 刘刚,杨明义,刘普灵,等.7Be示踪坡耕地次降雨细沟与细沟间侵蚀[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(5):47-53.
[11] 丁文峰,李勉,张平仓,等.坡沟系统侵蚀产沙特征模拟试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(3):10-14.
[12] 曹银真.黄土地区梁峁坡的坡地特征与土壤侵蚀[J].地理研究,1983,2(3):19-29.
[13] 张会茹,郑粉莉,耿晓东.地面坡度对红壤坡面土壤侵蚀过程的影响研究[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(4):52-54,59.
[14] Morgan R P C.Soil erosion and conservation (3rdedition)[M].Wiley-Blackwell,2005.
[15] 耿晓东,郑粉莉,刘力.降雨强度和坡度双因子对紫色土坡面侵蚀产沙的影响[J].泥沙研究,2010(6):48-53.
[16] 王宁,杨春雨,张刚,等.黑土区土壤侵蚀的REE示踪法研究[J].地理科学,2008,28(4):565-570.
[17] 刘普灵,田均良,周佩华,等.土壤侵蚀稀土元素示踪法操作技术研究[J].水土保持研究,1997,4(2):10-16.
[18] 耿晓东.主要水蚀区坡面土壤侵蚀过程与机理对比研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2011.

相似文献/References:

[1]腾耀华,张军以,苏维词.三峡库区低碳农业发展模式与减排对策[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(02):226.
　TENG Yao-hua,ZHANG Jun-yi,SU Wei-ci.Study on Low-Carbon Eco-agriculture Model and Reduction Countermeasures in the Case of Three Gorges Reservoir[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):226.
[2]王经武,彭珂珊,张明尚,等.三峡库区发展的战略研究[J].水土保持研究,1997,4(01):55.
　Wang Jingwu,Peng Keshan,Zhang Mingshang,et al.Development and Basic Strategy on Social Economy in Reservoir Area of Three-gorge[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1997,4(04):55.
[3]解明曙,牛志明,GESUN.库区周边湿地开发利用途径探讨[J].水土保持研究,2000,7(03):166.
　XIE Ming-shu,NIU Zhi-ming,GE SUN.Discussion on the Pathway in Developing on the Wetland in the Margin Region of Reservior[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2000,7(04):166.
[4]钟冰,唐治诚.三峡库区水土流失及其防治[J].水土保持研究,2001,8(02):147.
　ZHONG Bing,TANG Zhi-cheng.Soil and Water Loss and Its Control in Three Gorges Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2001,8(04):147.
[5]宋炜,刘普灵,郑良勇.核素示踪在土壤侵蚀研究中的应用[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(01):17.
　SONG Wei,LIU Pu-ling,ZHENG Liang-yong.Application of Nuclides on Studies of Soil Erosion[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(04):17.
[6]苏维词,杨华,罗有贤,等.三峡库区涨落带的主要生态环境问题及其防治措施[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(04):196.
　SU Wei-ci,YANG Hua,LUO You-xian,et al.Eco-environmental Problems of the Water-level-fluctuating Zone in Three-gorges Reservoir and Their Countermeasures[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(04):196.
[7]陈治谏,廖晓勇,刘邵权,等.三峡库区坡耕地持续性利用技术及效益分析[J].水土保持研究,2004,11(03):85.
　CHEN Zhi-jian,LIAO Xiao-yong,LIU Shao-quan,et al.Sustainable Utilization Technology of Slope Cropland and Its Benefit in the Three Gorges Reservoir[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2004,11(04):85.
[8]廖晓勇,陈治谏,刘邵权,等.三峡库区紫色土坡耕地不同利用方式的水土流失特征[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(01):159.
　LIAO Xiao-yong,CHEN Zhi-jian,LIU Shao-quan,et al.Study on Soil Losses in Different Land Use Types of Purple Slope Cropland in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(04):159.
[9]杨德伟,陈治谏,廖晓勇.三峡库区庭院生态模式及其效益分析[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(06):61.
　YANG De-wei,CHEN Zhi-jian,LIAO Xiao-yong.Ecological Models and Benefit Analysis of Courtyard Economy in Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(04):61.
[10]肖莉,陈治谏,廖晓勇,等.三峡库区生态农业产业化的模式与构建途径[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(01):114.
　XIAO Li,CHEN Zhi-jian,LIAO Xiao-yong,et al.The Modes and Construction of Ecological Agriculture Industrialization in Three Gorges Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(04):114.

备注/Memo

收稿日期:2013-06-28;改回日期:2013-11-18。
基金项目:科学技术部"十二五科技支撑"（2012BAC06B02-04）；国家自然科学基金（41201270，41202250）
作者简介:肖海(1988-),男,湖南郴州人,硕士研究生,主要从事水土流失机理研究。E-mail:xiaohai19881104@sohu.com
通讯作者:夏振尧(1981-),男,副教授,博士,主要研究方向为边坡生态防护。E-mail:xzy_yc@126.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01