ZHANG Qing-ming,FENG Rui-zhi,ZHANG Bao-hua,et al.Effects of Imidacloprid on Soil Microbes and Enzyme Activities Under the Salinity Stress[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(03):25-30.
盐胁迫下吡虫啉对棉田土壤微生物数量及酶活性的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Imidacloprid on Soil Microbes and Enzyme Activities Under the Salinity Stress
- Keywords:
- salinity stress; imidacloprid; soil enzyme; microbial quantity
- 分类号:
- S154
- 摘要:
- 应用室内模拟实验的方法研究了盐胁迫下不同浓度吡虫啉对土壤微生物数量和土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明：低浓度（0.4 μg/g）吡虫啉对细菌数量有刺激作用，中浓度（2.0 μg/g）和高浓度（10.0 μg/g）吡虫啉对细菌数量的影响表现为刺激—抑制作用；添加盐时，吡虫啉对细菌生长有促进作用，中、高浓度处理组的细菌数量在后期恢复至对照水平。吡虫啉对放线菌有抑制作用，且浓度越大土壤中放线菌数量越少；添加盐时，吡虫啉对放线菌生长有促进作用，后期逐渐恢复至对照水平。整个实验周期内，两种情况下吡虫啉对土壤真菌影响较小。吡虫啉仅在21 d时对土壤中碱性磷酸酶有一定的激活作用，且与浓度呈现一定的剂量—效应关系；添加盐时，高浓度吡虫啉在整个实验周期内均能刺激碱性磷酸酶活性。低浓度和中浓度吡虫啉对土壤中脲酶有一定的激活作用，高浓度吡虫啉在21 d和28 d时对土壤中脲酶活性表现为抑制作用；添加盐时，吡虫啉对土壤中脲酶活性影响变小，仅在14 d时对脲酶活性有显著的抑制作用。低浓度吡虫啉对β—葡萄糖苷酶活性无显著性影响，中、高浓度处理有显著的抑制作用；添加盐时，吡虫啉对β—葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用消失，反而在14 d时对其有短暂的激活作用。以上结果表明，盐胁迫下吡虫啉（0~10.0 μg/g）对土壤微生物数量和土壤酶活性会有一定的影响，但随着时间的延长会逐渐回复至对照水平。此结果可为盐胁迫下合理使用吡虫啉提供科学依据。
- Abstract:
- An indoor simulation experiment was carried out to study the effects of imidacloprid on soil microbes and enzyme activities under the stress of salinity. The results showed that the quantity of bacteria increased by the low concentration (0.4 μg/g) of imidacloprid, and the stimulation-inhibition in bacterial quantity was found at the effect of medium (2.0 μg/g) and high concentration (10.0 μg/g) of imidacloprid. Imidacloprid could stimulate the growth of bacteria in soil when 0.3% of salt was added. Compared to the control, the quantity of actinomycete decreased in soil treated with imidacloprid and has a dose effect relationship. It is same as bacteria, imidacloprid also could stimulate the actinomycete when salt was added in soil. There were no obvious changes of fungal quantity at the effects of imidacloprid and salt in the entire experimental period. The activity of alkaline phosphatase was significantly enhanced in soil treated with imidacloprid and showed a statistically dose-dependent relationship on the 21st day. When salt was added in soil, the activity of alkaline phosphatase was always higher than that of control in the entire experimental period. The activity of urease increased in soil treated with low and medium concentration of imidacloprid. The activity of urease decreased in soil treated with high concentration of imidacloprid on the 21st and 28th days. When salt was added in soil, the inhibition of imidacloprid on urease was reduced and the activity of urease was lower than that of control only on the 14th day. Compared to the control, the activity of β-glucosidase increased in soil treated with medium and high concentration of imidacloprid. This inhibition disappeared under the stress of salinity and a temporal stimulation was found on the 14th day. The above results indicated that imidacloprid (0~10.0 μg/g) could affect the soil microbes and enzyme activities under the salinity stress, but this effect will gradually disappear with the extension of time. And these results also offered the scientific basis for the application of imidacloprid.
参考文献/References:
[1] 董合忠,辛承松,李维江,等.山东滨海盐渍棉田盐分和养分特征及对棉花出苗的影响[J].棉花学报,2009,21(4):290-295.
[2] 李媛媛,周运超,邹军,等.黔中石灰岩地区典型灌木林土壤酶活性与植物物种多样性研究[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(3):245-249.
[3] 左智天,田昆,向仕敏,等.澜沧江上游不同土地利用类型土壤氮含量与土壤酶活性研究[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(4):280-285.
[4] 解媛媛,谷洁,高华,等.微生物菌剂酶制剂化肥不同配比对秸秆还田后土壤酶活性的影响[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(2):233-238.
[5] 荆瑞勇,王丽艳.氯嘧磺隆对土壤微生物数量,酶活性及呼吸强度的影响[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(3):60-64.
[6] 刘惠君,郑巍,刘维屏.新农药吡虫啉及其代谢产物对土壤呼吸的影响[J].环境科学,2001,22(4):73-76.
[7] 郑巍,刘惠君,刘维屏.吡虫啉及代谢产物对土壤过氧化氢酶活性的影响[J].中国环境科学,2000,20(6):524-527.
[8] Singh J, Singh D K. Dehydrogenase and phosphomonoesterase activities in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) field after diazinon, imidacloprid and lindane treatments[J]. Chemosphere,2005,60(1):32-42.
[9] 赵斌,何绍江.微生物学试验[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[10] Tabatabai M A. Soil Enzyme[M]//Weewer R M, Angle S, Bottomley P, et al. Methods of Soil Analysis, Part2. Microbiological and biochemical properties. Soil Science Society of American, Wisconsin WI,1994.
[11] 关松荫.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:农业出版社,1983.
[12] Wang X C, Lu Q. Activity of β-glucosidase in paddy soils in the Taihu Lake Region[J]. Pedosphere,2006,16(1):118-124.
[13] 周玲玲,孟亚利,王友华,等.盐胁迫对棉田土壤微生物数量与酶活性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2010,24(2):241-246.
[14] 陈为峰,史衍玺.黄河三角洲新生湿地不同植被类型土壤的微生物分布特征[J].草地学报,2010,18(6):859-864.
[15] 于群英.土壤磷酸酶活性及其影响因素研究[J].安徽技术师范学院学报,2001,15(4):5-8.
[16] 杨艳菊,王改兰,张海鹏,等.长期施肥条件下栗褐土碱性磷酸酶活性及其与磷形态的关系[J].土壤,2013,45(4):678-682.
[17] 谢勇波,周清明,龚道新.不同化学农药对土壤脲酶活性的影响[J].湖南农业科学,2010(2):63-65.
[18] 闫颖.五种农药对土壤酶活性影响的研究[D].长春:东北师范大学,2004.
[19] Bishnu A, Saha T, Mazumdar D, et al. Assessment of the impact of pesticide residues on microbiological and biochemical parameters of tea garden soils in India[J]. Journal of Environmental Science and Health:Part B,2008,43(8):723-731.
相似文献/References:
[1]徐富安,王学锋,Uri·Shani.盐胁迫对甜瓜水分利用率的影响[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(03):52.
Xu Fuan,Wang Xuefeng,Uri·Shani.Effects of Salt Stress on Water Use Efficiency of Melon[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(03):52.
[2]王丽艳,荆瑞勇,郭永霞,等.不同倍性菘蓝幼苗对盐渍胁迫的耐受能力及保护性酶的响应机制[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(04):224.
WANG Li-yan,JING Rui-yong,GUO Yong-xia,et al.Resistant Ability of Isatis indigotica Seedling with Different Ploid to Salting and Responding Mechanism of Its Protective Enzyme[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(03):224.
[3]孙彬,陈为峰.赤霉素对盐害下碱茅的萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(06):30.
SUN Bin,CHEN Wei-feng.Effect of Gibberellin on the Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Puccinellia distans Under Salt-stress[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(03):30.
[4]蔡明蕾,赵霖玉,李秧秧,等.磁化水对盐胁迫下黄瓜生长和生理特性的影响[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(03):358.
CAI Minglei,ZHAO Linyu,LI Yangyang,et al.Effects of Magnetized Water Irrigation on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Cucumber Seedlings Under Salt Stress[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(03):358.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2013-10-20;改回日期:2013-10-30。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目“吡虫啉对黄河三角洲地区棉田土壤微生物及土壤酶的生态效应”（41101488）
作者简介:张清明(1978-),男,山东博兴人,博士,副教授,主要从事农药残留与环境毒理研究。E-mail:zhangqingminghf@163.com