[1]张勇,杜华栋,张振国,等.黄土丘陵区自然植被恢复下土壤微生物学质量演变特征[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(01):6-11,17.
　ZHANG Yong,DU Hua-dong,ZHANG Zhen-guo,et al.Evolution Characteristics of Soil Biological Property in Loess Hilly Region under Natural Vegetation Restoration[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(01):6-11,17.
点击复制

黄土丘陵区自然植被恢复下土壤微生物学质量演变特征

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 21 期数: 2014年01期 页码: 6-11,17 栏目: 出版日期: 2014-02-28
Title:
Evolution Characteristics of Soil Biological Property in Loess Hilly Region under Natural Vegetation Restoration
作者:
张勇1,2, 杜华栋1,3, 张振国4, 冯川5
1. 西安科技大学 地质与环境学院, 西安 710054;
2. 陕西省水利厅, 西安 710004;
3. 中国科学院 水利部 水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
4. 安徽科技学院 城建与环境学院, 安徽 蚌埠 233100
Author(s):
ZHANG Yong1,2, DU Hua-dong1,3, ZHANG Zhen-guo4, FENG Chuan5
1. College of Geology & Environment, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China;
2. Shaanxi Provincial Department of Water Resources, Xi’an 710004, China;
3. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
4. College of Urban Construction and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, Anhui 233100, China
关键词:
黄土丘陵区; 植被恢复; 土壤微生物; 土壤酶; 土壤养分
Keywords:
loess hilly region; vegetation restoration; soil microbe; soil enzyme; soil nutrient
分类号:
S154.31
摘要:
为了探讨黄土丘陵区自然植被恢复过程中土壤微生物学质量演变特征，用时空互代法对燕沟和县南沟典型小流域自然植被恢复下5个演替阶段（退耕1~6 a、7~17 a、18~35 a、36~60 a、> 60 a）土壤养分含量、微生物量和酶活性进行了研究。结果表明：随着地区植被退耕后自然演替的推进，土壤有机碳、全氮、有效氮与有效钾含量持续增加，土壤全磷含量在不同植被演替阶段变化不明显，有效磷含量在植被演替至多年生草本阶段（18~35 a）时含量最低；土壤细菌约占土壤微生物量的65%左右，且其数量在植被演替至多年生草本阶段时最多，土壤真菌和放线菌随退耕年限的延长呈现不断增加的趋势；土壤碱性磷酸酶、脲酶和蔗糖酶活性也随着植被自然演替的推进呈不断增加趋势，但脲酶和蔗糖酶在植被演替至灌木阶段（36 a）后增速放缓。相关性分析表明，自然恢复过程中土壤微生物数量与酶活性的提高程度比较一致，其与土壤养分关系密切，因此土壤微生物群落与土壤酶活性是反映植被恢复中土壤生物学质量变化的重要指标。
Abstract:
In order to investigate evolution characteristics of soil biological property in loess hilly region during the process of natural vegetation restoration, soil nutrient content, microbial biomass and enzyme activities of the five natural vegetation successional stages (abandoned time 1~6 a, 7~17 a, 18~35 a, 36~60 a, >60 a) were studied by using spatio-temporal substitution method in Yangou and Xiannangou watershed. The results showed that soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen and available potassium increased during the natural process of vegetation succession after stop of cropping, but there was no significant difference for the contents of soil total phosphorus in different succession phases. The content of available phosphorus was the lowest during the vegetation succession progress of perennial herb stages (18~35 a). The amount of soil bacteria accounted for about 55% of soil microbial biomass during the natural vegetation succession of 18~35 a, there were more soil bacteria than at other stages. The amount of soil fungi and actinomycetes showed a rising trend with the development of vegetation succession. And the activity of soil alkaline phosphatase, urease and invertase increased with the advance of vegetation succession. However, the increase rates of activity of urease and invertase decreased after 36 a. The result of correlation analysis showed that the amount of soil microbes were consistent with soil enzyme activity in natural restoration process of abandoned farmland, and had a close relationship with soil nutrient. Soil microbes and enzyme can be chosen as biological indicators to evaluate soil biological quality during the process of natural vegetation restoration.

参考文献/References:

[1] 戴全厚,刘国彬,田均良,等.侵蚀环境小流域生态经济系统健康定量评价[J].生态学报,2006,26(7):2220-2228.
[2] 常庆瑞,安韶山,刘京,等. 黄土高原恢复植被防止土地退化效益研究[J].土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报,1999,5(4):6-9.
[3] 郝仕龙,安韶山,李壁成,等.黄土丘陵区退耕还林(草)土壤环境效应[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(3):29-30.
[4] 张楠,王继军,崔绍芳,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区退耕林生态系统服务价值评估:以陕西省安塞县为例[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(2):176-180.
[5] 陈云明,梁一民,程积民.黄土高原林草植被建设的地带性特征[J].植物生态学报,2002,26(3):339-345.
[6] 薛萐,刘国彬,戴全厚,等.黄土丘陵区人工灌木林恢复过程中的土壤微生物生物量演变[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(3):517-523.
[7] Zak D R, Holmes W E, White D C, et al. Plant diversity, soil microbial communities, and ecosystem function:Are there any links[J]. Ecology,2003,84(8):2042-2050.
[8] Hayat R, Ali S, Amara U, Khalid R, et al. Soil beneficial bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion:A review[J]. Annals of Microbiology,2010,60(4):579-598.
[9] Paul E A. Soil Microbiology, Ecology and Biochemistry[M]. Burlington,USA:AcademicPress,2006.
[10] 侯庆春,韩蕊莲,李宏平.关于黄土丘陵典型地区植被建设中有关问题的研究.Ⅰ:土壤水分状况及植被建设区划[J].水土保持研究,2000,7(2):102-110.
[11] 孟秦倩,王健.延安丘陵沟壑区果园土壤储水量动态研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2007,35(11):161-164.
[12] 吕春花.子午岭地区植被恢复对土壤质量的影响研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2006.
[13] 唐龙,梁宗锁,杜峰,等.陕北黄土高原丘陵区撂荒演替及其过程中主要乡土牧草的确定与评价[J].生态学报,2006,26(4):1165-1175.
[14] 中国科学院南京土壤研究所.土壤物理性质测定法[M].北京:科学出版社,1978:34-88.
[15] 中国科学院南京土壤研究所.土壤理化分析[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1980.
[16] 关松荫.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:农业出版社,1986.
[17] 贾横义,彭琳,彭祥林.黄土高原区土壤养分资源分区及评价[J].水土保持学报,1994,8(30):22-28.
[18] Powlson D S, Brookes P C, Christensen B T. Measurement of soil microbial biomass provides an early indication of changes intotal soil organic matter due to straw incorporation[J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry,1987,19(2):159-164.
[19] de Baets S, Poesen J, Reubens B, et al. Methodological framework to select plant species for controlling rill and gully erosion:application to a Mediterranean ecosystem[J]. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2009,34(7):1374-1392.
[20] Zhu H H, He X Y, Wang K L, et al. Interactions of vegetation succession, soil bio-chemical properties and microbial communities in a Karst ecosystem[J]. European Journal of Soil Biology,2012,51(4):1-7.
[21] Maisto G, de Marco A, Meola A, et al. Nutrient dynamics in litter mixtures of four Mediterranean maquis species decomposing in situ[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2011,43(3),520-530.
[22] Peter M V, Stephen P, Benjamin Z H, et al. Terrestrial phosphorus limitation:mechanisms, implications, and nitrogen-phosphorus interactions[J]. Ecological Applications,2010,20(1):5-15.
[23] Morgan R P C. Soil Erosion and Conservation[M]. New York:John Wiley & Sons,2005.
[24] Binkley D, Fisher R. Ecology and Management of Forest Soils[M]. New York:John Wiley & Sons,2013.
[25] López-Garrido R, Deurer M, Madejón E, et al. Tillage influence on biophysical soil properties:The example of a long-term tillage experiment under Mediterranean rainfed conditions in South Spain[J]. Soil and Tillage Research,2012,118(1):52-60.
[26] Johansson M, Stenberg B, Torstensson L. Microbiological and chemical changes in two arable soils after long-term sludge amendments[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils,1999,30(1/2):160-167.
[27] Elhottová D, Szili-Kovács T, Tríska J. Soil microbial community of abandoned sand fields[J]. Folia Microbiol,2002,47(4):435-40.
[28] 刘建国,卞新民,李彦斌.长期连作和秸秆还田对棉田土壤生物活性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(5):1027-1032.
[29] Du H D, Jiao J Y, Jia Y F, et al. Phytogenic mounds of four typical shoot architecture species at different slope gradients on the Loess Plateau of China[J]. Geomorphology,2013,193(7):57-64.
[30] 李海防,卫伟,陈利顶,等.黄土高原林草地覆盖土壤水量平衡研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(1):287-293.
[31] 柴强,黄鹏,黄高宝.间作对根际土壤微生物和酶活性的影响研究[J].草业学报,2008,19(8):105-110.
[32] Jiang J P, Xiong Y C, Jiang H M, et al. Soil microbial activity during secondary vegetation succession in semiarid abandoned lands of Loess Plateau[J]. Pedosphere,2009,19(6):735-747.
[33] Haack S K, Garchow H M, Klug J, et al. Analysis of factors affecting the accuracy, reproducibility, and interpretation of microbial community carbon source utilization patterns[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,1995,61(4):1458-1468.
[34] 焦菊英,张振国,贾燕锋,等.陕北丘陵沟壑区撂荒地自然恢复植被的组成结构与数量分类[J].生态学报,2008,28(7):2983-2997.

相似文献/References:

[1]李晶,高照良,张小娟,等.宝牛高速公路路域植被恢复效果调查分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):100.
　LI Jing,GAO Zhao-liang,ZHANG Xiao-juan,et al.Investigation and Assessment on Vegetation Restoration along the Baoniu Highway[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):100.
[2]许浩,蒋齐,潘占兵,等.黄土丘陵区降雨、土壤水分和苗木成活率的关系[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):202.
　XU Hao,JIANG Qi,PAN Zhan-bing,et al.Relationship of Rainfall, Soil Moisture and Seedling Survival Rate in Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):202.
[3]赵发珠,韩新辉,杨改河,等.黄土丘陵区不同退耕还林地土壤有机碳、氮密度变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):43.
　ZHAO Fa-zhu,HAN Xin-hui,YANG Gai-he,et al.Change Characteristics of Density of Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen under Land Shifted into Forestland in Hilly Loess Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):43.
[4]陈宇,焦菊英,王宁,等.黄土丘陵区撂荒地不同侵蚀带土壤种子库特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):1.
　CHEN Yu,JIAO Ju-ying,WANG Ning,et al.Characteristics of Soil Seed Banks under Different Erosion Zones on Abandoned Land in the Hilly-gullied Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):1.
[5]查轩,唐克丽,白红英.植被恢复对土壤抗侵蚀特性影响的研究[J].水土保持研究,1993,(01):37.
　Zha Xuan,Tang Keli,Bai Hongying.The Effect of Vegetation Restoration on Properties of Soil Resistance in Erosion[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1993,(01):37.
[6]郑粉莉,张科利,唐克丽,等.植被破坏与恢复对坡面浅沟侵蚀影响的研究[J].水土保持研究,1993,(01):54.
　Zheng Fenli,Zhang Keli,Tang Keli,et al.Impact of Vegetation Destruction and Restoration on Shallow Gully Erosion[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1993,(01):54.
[7]邹厚远,关秀琦,鲁子瑜,等.黄土丘陵区造林技术研究[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(03):48.
　Zou Houyuan,Guan Xiuqi,Lu Ziyu,et al.The Research Report on Foresting Technique in the Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(01):48.
[8]关秀琦,邹厚远,鲁子瑜,等.黄土高原草地生产持续发展研究──Ⅰ．沙打旺人工草地衰退后的草种更替[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(03):56.
　Guan Xiuqi,Zou Houyuan,Lu Ziyu,et al.Study on the Sustainable Development of the Grassland Production in Loess Plateau──Ⅰ. Grass Varieties Alternation in the Declined Artifical Grassland of Astragalus adsurgens[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(01):56.
[9]关秀琦,邹厚远,鲁子瑜,等.黄土高原草地持续发展研究──Ⅲ．补播柠条和兴安胡枝子建立永久放牧草地试验[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(03):65.
　Guan Xiuqi,Zou Houyuan,Lu Ziyu,et al.Study on the Sustainable Development of the Grassland Production in Loess Plateau──Ⅲ. The Experiment of Builiding Permanent Grassland for herding by reseeding Caragana korshinskii and Lespedeza daharica[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(01):65.
[10]程积民.宁南黄土丘陵区立体型高产半人工草地研究[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(01):38.
　Cheng Jimin.A Study on Establishing Stereo Style’s Semi-artificial Pasture with High Yeild in Southern Ningxia Loess Hilly Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(01):38.
[11]栗妍,魏玮,邱扬,等.黄土丘陵小流域植被恢复驱动下的土壤养分特征[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(06):115.
　LI Yan,WEI Wei,QIU Yang,et al.Effects of Different Vegetation Restoration Types on Soil Nutrient Properties in the Hill and Gully Region of Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(01):115.
[12]乔磊磊,李袁泽,翟珈莹,等.黄土丘陵区植被恢复模式对土壤碳组分的影响[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(05):14.
　QIAO Leilei,LI Yuanze,ZHAI Jiaying,et al.Effects of Vegetation Restoration Pattern on Soil Carbon Fractions in Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(01):14.

备注/Memo

收稿日期:2013-09-16;改回日期:2013-10-11。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目“黄土丘陵区土壤侵蚀对植被恢复过程的干扰与植被的抗侵蚀特性研究”（41030532）
作者简介:张勇(1974-),男,陕西陇县人,在读博士研究生,高级工程师,主要从事水土保持与生态环境综合治理工程研究。E-mail:sxzy2088@aliyun.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01