GAO Song-feng,YANG Qian-qi.Selection of Aquatic Plants in the Purification System of a Pre-dam[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(06):182-187.
前置库净化系统中水生植物的选择
- Title:
- Selection of Aquatic Plants in the Purification System of a Pre-dam
- Keywords:
- pre-dam; the purification system; aquatic plants; selection
- 分类号:
- X171.4
- 摘要:
- 水生植物是前置库水生生态系统中物质与能量流的主要传递者，其种类和种群数量变动会对库区生态及水环境质量产生重要影响。室内水生植物对水质的作用研究结果表明，通过植株相对增长率显著性分析，氮浓度为伊乐藻植株含氮量的第一影响因素，氮形态为菹草植株含氮量的第一影响因素，氮磷比为伊乐藻和菹草植株含磷量的第一影响因素；水芹和伊乐藻相对生长率分别为48.5%～92.2%和43%～94.2%，生长状况最好。伊乐藻和水芹对水质作用分别主要表现为伊乐藻降低浊度（最高净降低率达87.9%）、富氧（最高净增氧量达3.3 mg/L）、降低营养盐浓度（TN最高净降低率达43.0%）。挺水植物中水芹对总氮、氨氮和总磷的去除效果最好，平均去除率达到26%以上。综上所述，建议水生植物以水芹和伊乐藻为全年物种，并适当搭配其他植物作为前置库净化系统的植物组合。研究结果可为前置库工程建设提供建议技术支撑。
- Abstract:
- Aquatic plants are the main transmission of material and energy in aquatic ecosystems; the changes of its types and population have the important influence on ecology and water environmental quality. The effect of aquatic plants on the polluted water was studied. Results showed that the N concentration in water column was the first influence factor to nitrogen content containing in Elodea nuttallii, and the N form was the first influence factor to nitrogen content containing in Potamogetor crispus, the N/P was the first influence factor to phosphorus content containing in Elodea nuttallii and Potamogetor crispus, the relative growth rate of water dropwort and Elodea nuttallii were 48.5%~92.2% and 43%~94.2%, growth was the best. Elodea nuttallii showed that the effects were acted as reducing turbidity(the highest pure reduction rate was 87.9%), enriching oxygen(the highest pure increasing quantity was 3.3 mg/L), and reducing nutrients (the highest pure reduction rate of TN was 43.0%). The removal rates of TN, TP和NH4+-N by water celery was the best, the average removal rate reached up to more than 26%.Therefore, water celery among the aquatic plants was considered as waterweed for submerged plant species throughout the year, and proper combination with other plants formed the plant community in the purification system. Water celery and Elodea nuttallii were regarded as waterweed for submerged plant species of the purification system of a pre-dam in the whole year. The result provides technical support for the construction of the pre-dam.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2013-03-19;改回日期:2013-05-02。
基金项目:江苏省自然科学基金（BK2012883）；江苏省科技支撑项目（BE2011809）
作者简介:高松峰(1978-),男,江苏泰州人,工程师,主要从事水生植物修复研究。E-mail:jsaes@126.com