GAO Peng,MU Xing-min,WANG Wei.Trend and Driving Force Analyses of Streamflow and Sediment Discharge in Jialing River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(04):57-61,66.
长江支流嘉陵江水沙变化趋势及其驱动因素分析
- Title:
- Trend and Driving Force Analyses of Streamflow and Sediment Discharge in Jialing River
- Keywords:
- Jialing River; streamflow; sediment discharge; flow duration curve
- 分类号:
- P332.5
- 摘要:
- 近20年来，嘉陵江流域输沙量明显减少，其变化将对长江三峡库区水沙运动以及泥沙冲淤变化等产生重要影响。根据嘉陵江控制水文站实测水沙资料，采用定量分析的方法，分析了嘉陵江流域年降水量、河道径流量和输沙量的变化趋势及其发生显著变化的临界年份。结果表明：嘉陵江流域的径流量和输沙量都有显著的减少趋势；年降水量没有表现出明显的变化趋势。年径流量及输沙量发生显著趋势性减小的临界年份分别为1993年和1984年。同时，利用历时曲线和双累积曲线两种方法，量化了嘉陵江流域径流量与输沙量的减少量，定量分析了降水和人类活动对嘉陵江径流及输沙量的影响，进一步探讨了嘉陵江流域水沙变化的驱动因素。
- Abstract:
- The sediment discharge in Jialing River basin has decreased significantly over the past 20 years.This change will have a major impact on the Yangtze River Three Gorges reservoir area of water and sediment movement and changes in sediment yield and deposition.The objectives of this study are to quantify the decreasing trends of precipitation,streamflow and sediment discharge during 1956-2008 and to statistically identify change points or transition years in the changing trends.Results showed that strong decreasing trends in annual streamflow (P=0.05) and sediment discharge (P=0.01) have existed since the late 1950s at Beibei hydrologic station of the Jialing River.Change point analysis reveal that more rapid declines for streamflow began in 1993,and sediment discharge began in 1984 at the stations (P=0.05).Two kinds of methods,namely duration curve and double mass curves,were applied to analyze change of streamflow and sediment discharge in Jialing River basin.The reasons for the trends and change-points in streanflow and sediment discharge were analyzed finally.
参考文献/References:
[1] 张信宝.长江上游河流泥沙近期变化、原因及减沙对策[J].中国水土保持,1999(2):22-24.
[2] 张信宝,文安邦.长江上游干流和支流河流泥沙近期变化及其原因[J].水利学报,2002,27(4):56-59.
[3] 戴明龙,张明波,叶莉莉.长江流域典型河流水沙过程变异研究[J].水文,2009,29(2):55-58.
[4] 许炯心.人类活动和降水变化对嘉陵江流域侵蚀产沙的影响[J].地理科学,2006,26(4):432-437.
[5] 李铁松,张桥英.嘉陵江的起源及流域自然环境研究[J].四川师范学院学报:自然科学版,1999,20(2):105-108.
[6] 丁文峰,张平仓,任红玉.近50年来嘉陵江流域径流泥沙演变规律及驱动因素定量分析[J].长江科学院院报,2008,25(3):23-27.
[7] 穆兴民.黄土高原水土保持对河川径流及土壤水文的影响[D].陕西杨陵:西北农林科技大学,2002.
[8] Pettitt A N.A non-parametric approach to the change point problem[J].Applied statistics,1979,28(2):126-135.
[9] Vogel R M,Fennessey N M.Flow Duration Curves I:A New Interpretation and Confidence Intervals[J].Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management,1994,120(4):210-215.
[10] Foster H A.Duration curves[J].American Society of Civil Engineers Transactions,1934,99:1213-1267.
[11] 许全喜,石国钰,陈泽方.长江上游近期水沙变化特点及其趋势分析[J].水科学进展,2004,29(7):420-426.
[12] 杨泉,何文社.嘉陵江水土保持对三峡工程水沙的影响[J].兰州交通大学学报:自然科学版,2005,24(3):37-40.
[13] 许全喜,陈松生,熊明,等.嘉陵江流域水沙变化特性及原因分析[J].泥沙研究,2008(2):1-8.
相似文献/References:
[1]宋凤军,穆兴民,白桦.嘉陵江流域输沙量演变规律分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):65.
SONG Feng-jun,MU Xing-min,BAI Hua.Variation of Sediment Discharge in the Jialingjiang River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):65.
[2]杨巍,汤洁,李昭阳,等.基于SWAT模型的大伙房水库汇水区径流与泥沙模拟[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(02):77.
YANG Wei,TANG Jie,LI Zhao-yang,et al.Streamflow and Sediment Simulation Based on SWAT Model in Dahuofang Reservoir Catchment[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):77.
[3]刘士余,章俊霞,罗志军,等.近50年赣西北大坑小流域径流对降雨的响应[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):19.
LIU Shi-yu,ZHANG Jun-xia,LUO Zhi-jun,et al.Response of Runoff to Rainfall in Dakeng Small Watershed in Northwestern Jiangxi Province over the Last 50 Years[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):19.
[4]侯喜禄,梁一民,曹清玉.黄土丘陵沟壑区主要水保林类型及草地水保效益的研究[J].水土保持研究,1991,(02):96.
Hou Xilu,Liang Yimin,Cao Qingyu.A STUDY ON BENEFITS OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION BY MAIN WOODLAND AND GRASSLAND TYPES IN LOESS HILLY REGION[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1991,(04):96.
[5]吴钦孝,刘向东,赵鸿雁,等.宜川县油松人工林集水区水文状况分析[J].水土保持研究,1991,(02):116.
Wu Qinxiao,Liu Xiangdong,Zhao Hongyan,et al.AN ANALYSIS ON HYDROSTATUS OF CATCHMENT IN ARTIFICIAL CHINESE PINE FOREST IN YICHUAN COUNTY[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1991,(04):116.
[6]汪有科,李立,傅左,等.薪炭林水土保持效益的研究[J].水土保持研究,1992,(01):70.
Wang Yuke,Li Li,Fu Zuo,et al.A STUDY ON THE BENEFIT OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION FOR ENERGY FOREST[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1992,(04):70.
[7]石生新,蒋定生.几种水土保持措施对强化降水入渗和减沙的影响试验研究[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(01):82.
Shi Shengxin,Jiang Dingsheng.Impacts of Several Soil and Water Conservation Measures on Strengthening Rainfall infiltration and Reducing Sediment Yield[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(04):82.
[8]曹全意.黄土高原地区提高山坡地径流利用率的有效途径[J].水土保持研究,1998,5(04):31.
Cao Quanyi.The Effective Way to Raise the Runoff Use Ratein Slope Land of Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1998,5(04):31.
[9]赵晓光,吴发启.坡面水蚀过程的力能体系及研究思路[J].水土保持研究,2000,7(01):23.
ZHAO Xiao-guang,WU Fa-qi.Research Frame for Force and Energy System in Water Erosion Process in Slopes of Gully[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2000,7(04):23.
[10]卢光辉.低度冲击径流抑制技术之功能与应用[J].水土保持研究,2001,8(04):91.
LU Guang-hui.Function and Application of Runoff Restraint Technique of Lowering Impact[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2001,8(04):91.
[11]白桦,穆兴民,高鹏,等.嘉陵江流域降水及径流演变规律分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):102.
BAI Hua,MU Xing-min,GAO Peng,et al.Analysis on Spatio-temporal Variation of Precipitation and Streamflow in the Jialingjiang River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):102.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2010-2-1;
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）项目“中国主要水蚀区土壤侵蚀过程与调控研究”（2007CB407203）
作者简介:高鹏（1976- ），男，陕西扶风人，助理研究员，博士，主要从事流域生态水文和水土保持研究。E-mail：gaopeng@ms.iswc.ac.cn
通讯作者:穆兴民（1961- ），男，陕西华阴人，博士，研究员，主要从事生态水文研究。E-mail：xmmu@ms.iswc.ac.cn