LI Yao-ming,WANG Yu-jie,CHU Xiao-yuan,et al.Effects of the Rainfall Factors on Surface Runoff of Typical Forest Vegetations in Three Gorges Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(04):244-249.
降雨因子对缙云山地区典型森林植被类型地表径流的影响
- Title:
- Effects of the Rainfall Factors on Surface Runoff of Typical Forest Vegetations in Three Gorges Region
- 分类号:
- S715
- 摘要:
- 根据2004-2006年在缙云山地区的定位观测数据，分析降雨因子与针阔混交林、常绿阔叶林、楠竹林和灌丛4种典型森林植被类型地表径流量的关系。结果表明：①地表径流与降雨量和10 min最大雨强关系极其显著，与平均雨强关系显著，与前3天降雨量和降雨历时关系不显著；②地表径流与降雨量间存在二次函数关系，与10 min最大雨强和降雨强度间分别存在一次函数关系；③不同的森林植被类型对降雨的响应不同，在较小降雨条件下，各植被类型都能很好的调节降雨，但在较大降雨条件下，各植被类型对于雨水的调节作用差别较大，常绿阔叶林拦截降雨、调蓄洪水能力最强，楠竹林的最差。④通过主成分分析，对地表径流起着制约性的影响因素有降雨强度综合因子、降雨历时与降雨量综合因子和前期降雨的综合因子，用主成分作为变量建立模型，通过检验发现拟合度较高，能准确推求和预测分析地表径流。
- Abstract:
- Based on locating observation in Jinyun Mountain region during 2004-2006, the relation between the rainfall factors and surface runoff of 4 typical forest vegetation types including coniferbroad leaved mixed forest, evergreen broad-leaved forest, phyllostachy pubescens forest and scrub was analyzed. Results showed the relation between surface runoff and rainfall, the maximum intensity of rainfall in 10 min is extremely significant, and rainfall intensity was significant, rainfall duration and rainfall of 3 days ago was not significant. The relation between surface runoff and rainfall is quadratic equation, and relation between surface runoff and the maximum intensity of rainfall in 10 min, rainfall intensity is linear function. Different types of forest vegetation showed up different response to the rainfall, in light rain conditions, each type of vegetation is good for rainfall storage, but in heavy rain conditions, every type of vegetation is much different in hydrological function, evergreen broad-leaved forest is the best and phyllostachy pubescens forest is the worst. By using principal component analysis, the factors that have restrictive impact on surface runoff are rainfall intensity comprehensive factor, rainfall duration and rainfall comprehensive factor and antecedent rainfall comprehensive factor. With selecting main constituent as variable making models, the degree of fitting is high. Using these models can carry out an accurate calculation and forecasting of surface runoff.
参考文献/References:
[1] Mosley M P.Streamflow generation in a forested watershed[J].J.Hydrology,1975,15(4):19-26.
[2] 朱显谟.黄土高原水蚀的主要类型及其相关因素[J].水土保持通报,1981,1(3):1-9.
[3] 吴发启,赵晓光,刘秉正,等.黄土高原南部缓坡地降雨与侵蚀的关系[J].水土保持研究,1999,6(2):53-60.
[4] 琚彤军,刘普灵,徐学选,等.不同次降雨条件对黄土区主要地类水沙动态过程的影响及其机理研究[J].泥沙研究,2007,8(4):65-67.
[5] 余新晓,于志民.水源保护林培育、经营、管理、评价[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2001.
[6] Andreassian V.Waters and forests: from historical controversy to scientific debate[J].Jouranl of Hydrology,2004,291:1-27.
[7] Jones J A,Grant G E.Peak flow response to clear-cutting and roads in small and large basin,western Cascade,Oregon[J].Water Resources Research,1996,32(4):959-974.
[8] 刘玉洪,张一平.马友鑫,等.西双版纳橡胶人工林地表径流与地下径流的关系[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2002,12(6):75-77.
[9] 申卫军,周国逸,彭少麟,等.南亚热带鹤山5种生态系统的地表径流[J].热带亚热带植物学报,1999,7(4):273-281.
[10] 陈军锋,李秀彬.森林植被变化对流域水文影响的争论[J].自然资源学报,2001,16(5):474-480.
[11] 袁建平.影响坡地降雨产流历时的因子分析[J].山地学报,1999,17(3):259-2641.
[12] 马琨.模拟暴雨下红壤坡面产流产沙及养分流失特征研究[J].宁夏农学院学报,2004,25(1): 1-41.
[13] 杨学震.影响坡地径流的若干因子与径流量的数量化回归分析[J].福建水土保持,1996(4):37-41.
[14] 袁建平,蒋定生,甘淑.影响坡地降雨产流历时的因子分析[J].山地学报,1999,8(3):260-263.
[15] 金雁海,柴建华,朱智红,等.内蒙古黄土丘陵区坡面径流及其影响因素研究[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(5):292-294.
[16] 北京林学院.气象学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1981.
[17] 胡实,谢小丽,王凯荣.红壤坡地不同土地利用类型地表产流特征[J].生态与农村环境学报,2007,4(23):24-28.
[18] 周国逸,闫俊华,申卫军,等.马占相思人工林和果园地表径流规律的对比研究[J].植物生态学报,2000,4(24):451-458.
[19] 齐实,王云琦,孙阁,等.三峡库区森林小流域森林理水调洪功能模拟研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2006,9(5):42-51.
[20] 王云琦,王玉杰,朱金兆,等.重庆缙云山不同土地利用类型坡面产流对暴雨的响应[J].中国水土保持科学,2005,12(5):19-26.
[21] 王礼先,张志强.森林植被变化的水文生态效应研究进展[J].世界林业研究,1998(6):6-23.
[22] 刘昌明,曾燕.植被变化对产水量影响的研究[C]//中国水利杂志专家委员会会议暨水资源管理与可持续发展高层研讨会论文集.2002:112-116.
[23] 李文华,何永涛,杨丽韫.森林对径流影响研究的回顾和展望[J].自然资源学报,2001,11(5):390-406.
相似文献/References:
[1]腾耀华,张军以,苏维词.三峡库区低碳农业发展模式与减排对策[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(02):226.
TENG Yao-hua,ZHANG Jun-yi,SU Wei-ci.Study on Low-Carbon Eco-agriculture Model and Reduction Countermeasures in the Case of Three Gorges Reservoir[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):226.
[2]王经武,彭珂珊,张明尚,等.三峡库区发展的战略研究[J].水土保持研究,1997,4(01):55.
Wang Jingwu,Peng Keshan,Zhang Mingshang,et al.Development and Basic Strategy on Social Economy in Reservoir Area of Three-gorge[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1997,4(04):55.
[3]解明曙,牛志明,GESUN.库区周边湿地开发利用途径探讨[J].水土保持研究,2000,7(03):166.
XIE Ming-shu,NIU Zhi-ming,GE SUN.Discussion on the Pathway in Developing on the Wetland in the Margin Region of Reservior[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2000,7(04):166.
[4]钟冰,唐治诚.三峡库区水土流失及其防治[J].水土保持研究,2001,8(02):147.
ZHONG Bing,TANG Zhi-cheng.Soil and Water Loss and Its Control in Three Gorges Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2001,8(04):147.
[5]何丙辉.重庆市三峡库区土壤侵蚀分级分类标准的探讨[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(04):63.
HE Bing-hui.Discussion on Criterion of Classification of Soil Erosion in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Chongqing[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(04):63.
[6]苏维词,杨华,罗有贤,等.三峡库区涨落带的主要生态环境问题及其防治措施[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(04):196.
SU Wei-ci,YANG Hua,LUO You-xian,et al.Eco-environmental Problems of the Water-level-fluctuating Zone in Three-gorges Reservoir and Their Countermeasures[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(04):196.
[7]陈治谏,廖晓勇,刘邵权,等.三峡库区坡耕地持续性利用技术及效益分析[J].水土保持研究,2004,11(03):85.
CHEN Zhi-jian,LIAO Xiao-yong,LIU Shao-quan,et al.Sustainable Utilization Technology of Slope Cropland and Its Benefit in the Three Gorges Reservoir[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2004,11(04):85.
[8]吴亚子,傅荣华,王小群.三峡库区奉节县某滑坡特征和稳定性分析[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(01):125.
WU Ya-zi,FU Rong-hua,WANG Xiao-qun.Characteristics and Stability Analysis of Landslide in Three Gorges Reservoir Area in Fengjie County[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(04):125.
[9]廖晓勇,陈治谏,刘邵权,等.三峡库区紫色土坡耕地不同利用方式的水土流失特征[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(01):159.
LIAO Xiao-yong,CHEN Zhi-jian,LIU Shao-quan,et al.Study on Soil Losses in Different Land Use Types of Purple Slope Cropland in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(04):159.
[10]杨德伟,陈治谏,廖晓勇.三峡库区庭院生态模式及其效益分析[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(06):61.
YANG De-wei,CHEN Zhi-jian,LIAO Xiao-yong.Ecological Models and Benefit Analysis of Courtyard Economy in Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(04):61.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2008-12-19。
基金项目:“十一五”林业科技支撑计划项目（2006BAD03A1802）
作者简介:李耀明（1983-），男，甘肃陇西人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为水土保持。E-mail：02134103@163.com
通讯作者:王玉杰（1960-），男，教授，博士生导师，主要研究方向为森林水文、土壤侵蚀。E-mail：wyujie@bjfu.edu.cn