[1]戚龙海,党廷辉,陈璐.旱塬冬小麦水分利用特征及对施肥的响应[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(03):105-109.
　QI Long-hai,DANG Ting-hui,CHEN Lu.The Water Use Characteristics of Winter Wheat and Response to Fertilization on Dry-land of Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(03):105-109.
点击复制

旱塬冬小麦水分利用特征及对施肥的响应

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 16 期数: 2009年03期 页码: 105-109 栏目: 出版日期: 2009-06-20
Title:
The Water Use Characteristics of Winter Wheat and Response to Fertilization on Dry-land of Loess Plateau
作者:
戚龙海1,2, 党廷辉1, 陈璐3
1. 中国科学院 水利部 水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨陵 712100;
2. 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049;
3. 西北农林科技大学 资源环境学院, 陕西 杨陵 712100
Author(s):
QI Long-hai1,2, DANG Ting-hui1, CHEN Lu3
1. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
关键词:
水分利用效率; 施肥; 旱地; 叶面积指数; 冬小麦
Keywords:
water use efficiency; fertilization; dry-land; leaf area index(LAI); winter wheat
分类号:
S512.11.062;S512.11.01
摘要:
为了揭示施肥对黄土高原旱地冬小麦水分利用效率（WUE）的影响，通过对不同施肥处理条件下水分利用效率相关指标的研究发现：增施氮肥降低了小麦生育前期的叶片WUE，而提高了小麦生育后期的叶片WUE，并显著提高了小麦的叶面积指数（LAI），而增施磷肥效果不明显。增施氮肥显著提高了小麦的生物量和产量，从而提高了相应的生物量WUE和产量WUE；增施磷肥对小麦的生物量和产量的提高有一定的促进作用，但对生物量WUE和产量WUE的提高不明显。生物量、产量、LAI和相应的生物量WUE、产量WUE都呈极显著正相关，说明通过施肥提高了小麦的LAI，进而提高了群体光合效率和干物质积累，从而提高了水分利用效率。
Abstract:
The impact of fertilization on water use efficiency(WUE) of winter wheat on dry-land of Loess Plateau was researched through observing the factors about water use efficiency under different fertilization treatments. The results show that increasing nitrogen application decreased the leaf WUE in prior period of growing periods but increased it in later period and increased the LAI of wheat. There was no obvious impacts on leaf WUE and LAI by increasing the phosphate fertilizer. Increasing nitrogen application significantly increased WUE in level of biomass and yield by increasing biomass and field of wheat and more phosphate fertilizer application increased the biomass and yield but was no significant impacts on WUE in level of biomass and yield. Correlation analysis between biomass, yield, LAI and WUE were significantly correlated because of increasing the LAI of wheat by fertilizing and then increasing the photosynthetic efficiency of population and accumulation of dry matter and increasing the WUE finally.

参考文献/References:

[1] 山仑.作物抗旱生理生态与旱地农业:旱地农业生理生态基础[M].北京:科学出版社, 1998:1-17.
[2] Stanhill G.Water use efficiency[J].Advances in Agronomy, 1986, 39:53-85.
[3] Bierhuizen J F, Slatyer R Q. Effect of atmospheric concentration of water vapor and CO2 in determining transpiration photosynthesis relationships of cotton leaves[J].Agric. Meteoro1, 1965, 2:229-270.
[4] Frank A B, Barker R E, Berdahl J D.Water use efficiency of grasses grown under controlled and field conditions[J].Agronomy Journal, 1987, 79:541-544.
[5] Kumar K, Singh D P. Influence of water stress on photosynthesis, transpiration, water use efficiency and yield of Brassica juncea[J]. Field Crops Research, 1994, 37:95-101.
[6] 娄成后, 王天铎.绿色工厂:主要作物高产高效抗逆的生理基础研究[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社, 1995.
[7] 许大全, 徐宝基, 沈允钢.C3植物光合效率的日变化[J].植物生理学报, 1990, 16(1):1-5.
[8] 李俊, 于沪宁, 刘苏峡.冬小麦水分利用率及其环境影响因素分析[J].地理学报, 1997, 52(6):552-560.
[9] 上官周平, 周维.栽培条件对冬小麦叶片水分利用效率的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报, 1998, 4(3):231-236.
[10] 李生秀, 李世清, 高亚军, 等.施用氮肥对提高旱地作物土壤水分利用的作用机理和效果[J].干旱地区农业研究, 1994, 12(1):38-46.
[11] 周苏玫, 马元喜, 王晨阳, 等.干旱胁迫对冬小麦根系生长及营养代谢的影响[J].华北农学报, 2000, 15(2):57-62.
[12] 李裕元, 郭永杰, 邵明安.施肥对丘陵旱地冬小麦生长发育和水分利用的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究, 2000, 18(1):15-21.
[13] 胡亚妮, 刘文兆, 王俊, 等.黄土塬区氮磷配施对冬小麦光合作用、产量形成及水分利用的影响[J].水土保持学报2007, 21(6):159-178.
[14] 刘文兆.作物生产、水分消耗与水分利用效率间的动态联系[J].自然资源学报, 1998, 13(1):23-27.
[15] Angus J F, Van Herwaarden A F. Increasing water use and water use efficiency in dry-land wheat[J].Agronomy Journal, 2001, 93(2):290-298.
[16] Frank A B, Barker R E, Berdahl J D. Water use efficiency of grasses grown under controlled and field conditions[J].Agronomy Journal, 1987, 79(3):541-544.

相似文献/References:

[1]刘文兆,李玉山.渭北旱塬西部作物水肥产量耦合效应研究[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(01):12.
　LIU Wen-zhao,LI Yu-shan.Coupled Effect for Supplies of Water and Nutrients to Crop in the West of Weibei Rainfed Tableland[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(03):12.
[2]刘一.施肥对黄土高原旱地冬小麦产量及土壤肥力的影响[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(01):40.
　LIU Yi.Influences of Fertilization on the Yield of Winter Wheat and Soil Fertility in Dryland of Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(03):40.
[3]孙志强,王宗胜,鲍国军,等.施肥对黄土高原旱地冬小麦根系生长的影响[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(01):141.
　SUN Zhi-qiang,WANG Zong-sheng,BAO Guo-jun,et al.Effect of Fertilization on the Growth of Winter Wheat Roots in Dryland in Loses Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(03):141.
[4]邹厚远,关秀琦,鲁子瑜,等.黄土丘陵区造林技术研究[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(03):48.
　Zou Houyuan,Guan Xiuqi,Lu Ziyu,et al.The Research Report on Foresting Technique in the Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(03):48.
[5]燕晓娟,张岁岐,王宗仁,等.半干旱地区不同年代冬小麦品种根系生长和水分利用效率对种植密度的响应[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(06):32.
　YAN Xiao-juan,ZHANG Sui-qi,WANG Zong-ren,et al.Responses of Root Growth and Water Use Efficiency to Planting Density for Winter Wheat Varieties from Different Eras in Semi-arid Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(03):32.
[6]刘永宏,段玉玺,白育英.大青山南麓阳坡油松生长的适宜土壤水分环境研究[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(05):69.
　LIU Yong-hong,DUAN Yu-xi,BAI Yu-ying.Study on Suitable Soil Moisture Condition for Pinus tabulaeformis on the Sunny Slope in Southern Foothill of Daqing Mountains[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(03):69.
[7]李代琼,姜峻,梁一民,等.安塞黄土丘陵区人工草地水分有效利用研究[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(02):66.
　Li Daiqiong,Jing Jun,Laing Yimin,et al.Study on Water Use Efficiency of the Artificial Grassland at Ansai County in the Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(03):66.
[8]梁金萍,郭忠,魏新平.春玉米不同种植模式农田水分利用效率的研究[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(03):131.
　Liang Jinping,Guo Zhong,Wei Xinping.Water Use Efficiency of Different Planting Pattern of Spring Maize[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(03):131.
[9]程积民,贾恒义,彭祥林.施肥草地植被群落结构和演替的研究[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(04):124.
　Cheng Jimin,Jia Hengyi,Peng Xianglin.Study on Vegetation Community Structure and Its Succession on Fertilization Grassland[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(03):124.
[10]邓西平,山仑,Lnanaga Shinobu,等.半干旱区春小麦高效利用有限灌水的研究[J].水土保持研究,1998,5(01):65.
　Deng Xiping,Shan Lun,Lnanaga Shinobu.High Efficient Use of Limited Irrigation Water by Semiarid Zone Spring Wheat[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1998,5(03):65.
[11]戴万宏,吕殿青,刘胜利.关中雨养麦田施肥的节水增产效应研究[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(03):96.
　Dai Wanhong,LÜ,Dianqing,et al.Influence of Fertilization on Water Utilization Efficiency and Grain Yiel d in Rainfed Wheat Field in Guanzhong Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(03):96.
[12]殷修帅,王仕稳,邓西平,等.不同施氮水平下拔节期灌溉对旱地冬小麦的群体动态、产量及耗水特性的影响[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(05):179.
　YIN Xiushuai,WANG Shiwen,DENG Xiping,et al.Effect of Irrigation on Population Dynamics, Yield and Water Consumption Characteristics of Winter Wheat at Elongation Stage Under Different Nitrogen Application Levels in Dryland[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(03):179.

备注/Memo

收稿日期:2009-1-4。
基金项目:国家“973”计划项目（2005CB121102）；中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目（KZCX2-YW-424-2）
作者简介:戚龙海（1983- ），男，硕士研究生，主要从事土壤环境和水分利用的研究。E-mail：qilonghai@163.com
通讯作者:党廷辉（1964- ），男，博士，研究员，主要从事土壤作物养分循环与管理研究。E-mail：dangth@ms.iswc.ac.cn

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01