GUO Lian-yun,WANG Wan-man,XIONG Lian-sheng.The Local Climatic Changes of Water Resource on Gonghe Basin in 50 Years[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(01):141-144,148.
共和盆地近50年水资源的气候变化特征
- Title:
- The Local Climatic Changes of Water Resource on Gonghe Basin in 50 Years
- Keywords:
- Gonghe Basin; water resource; climatic change
- 分类号:
- P467;P331
- 摘要:
- 利用青海省共和盆地2个站点1961-2007年的平均气温及降水量资料，分析了共和盆地水资源的气候变化特征。结果表明：年平均气温整体呈上升趋势，平均以0.38℃/10 a速率上升，气温偏高主要是在冬季，夏季变化幅度不大，1987年气温发生了由低到高的突变。近47 a来共和盆地的年降水量呈微弱的增加趋势，变化倾向率为1.9 mm/10 a。对共和盆地而言，尽管降水和气温都呈增加趋势，但由于降水增长引起的地表水资源的增加不足以抵消气温升高带来的影响，因而将导致可利用降水资源的总体降低趋势。
- Abstract:
- The local climatic changes of the Gonghe Basin were studied, and the source data are the average annual temperature and annual precipitation from 1961 to 2007, recorded in two weather stations of the Gonghe Basin, Qinghai Province. The main findings were that: (1) the average annual temperature increased with the speed of 0.38℃/10 a, and the warming mainly occurred in winter, which is the most significant in 1987; (2) the annual precipitation increased as well, with the speed of 1.9 mm/10 a. Although the annual precipitation increased slightly, it cannot balance the effects of climatic warming on ground evaporation, and then the water resource in the Gonghe Basin will reduce in some degrees.
参考文献/References:
[1] 卢琦.中国沙情[M].北京:开明出版社, 2000:25-32.
[2] 曹广超, 曾永年, 马海州, 等.在GIS支持下的龙羊峡库区草场现状分析[J].干旱区地理, 2001, 24(3):283-287.
[3] 高桥浩一郎.用月平均气温、月降水量估算蒸发量的经验公式[J].天气, 1979, 26(12):29-32.
[4] 刘昌明, 郑红星.黄河流域水循环要素变化趋势分析[J].自然资源学报, 2003, 18(2):129-135.
[5] Yu P S, Yang T C, Wu C K.Impact of climate change on water resources in southern Taiwan[J].Journal Hydrology, 2002, 260:161-175.
[6] Liu Changming, Zheng Hongxing.Changes in components of the hydrological cycle in the Yellow River basin during the second half of the 20th century[J].Hydrological Process, 2004, 18:2337-2345.
[7] Xu Z X, Takeuchi K, Ishidaira H.Monotonic trend and step changes in Japanese precipitation[J].Journal Hydrology, 2003, 279:144-150.
[8] Xu Z X, Takeuchi K, Ishidaira H.Long term trends of annual temprerature and precipitation time series in Japan[J].Journal Hydro Science Hydraulic Engin, 2002, 20(2):11-26.
[9] 符漴武, 王强.南亚夏季风长期变化中的突变现象及其与全球迅速增暖的同步性[J].中国科学(B), 1991(6):666-672.
[10] 李林, 李凤霞, 郭安红.近30年来"三江源"地区气候变化趋势及其突变研究[J].自然资源学报, 2006, 21(1):79-85.
[11] 施雅风.中国气候与海面变化及其趋势和影响(四):气候变化对西北华北水资源的影响[M].济南:山东科学技术出版社, 1995:153-158.
[12] 康桂红, 杨宗波, 赵素华, 等.泰安市降水特征与水资源分析[J].气象科技, 2005, 33(4):355-359.
[13] 施雅凤, 沈永平, 胡汝骥.西北气候由暖干向暖湿转型的信号、影响和前景初步探讨[J].冰川冻土, 2002, 24(3):219-226.
[14] 刘德祥, 董安祥, 陆登荣.中国西北地区近43年气候变化及其对农业生产的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究, 2005, 23(2):195-201.
[15] 魏凤英.现代气候统计诊断与预测技术[M].北京:气象出版社, 2007:57-104.
[16] 陈隆勋, 周秀骥, 李维亮, 等.中国近80年来气候变化特征及其形成机制[J].大气科学, 2004, 62(5):634-646.
[17] 时兴合, 张国胜, 唐红玉, 等.黄河上游地区降水对水资源的影响[J].气象, 1999, 25(9):7-10.
[18] 马晓波, 胡泽勇.青藏高原40年来降水变化趋势及突变的分析[J].中国沙漠, 2005, 25(1):137-139.
[19] 南阳春, 李国华.黄冈市水资源分析与利用[J].气象, 2004, 30(7):47-51.
[20] 郝振纯, 李丽, 王加虎, 等.气候变化对地表水资源的影响[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报, 2007, 32(3):425-432.
[21] 秦大河.中国西部环境变化评估(综合卷)[M].北京:科学出版社, 2002:55-56.
[22] 张云海, 杨洪斌, 李法云.辽宁水资源与气候变化分析及对策研究[J].干旱区资源与环境, 2007, 21(4):6-9.
[23] 李应业, 李加洛, 赵恒和, 等.海南州气候变化对生态环境的影响及对策研究[J].青海环境, 2005, 15(4):139-143.
相似文献/References:
[1]张东杰.共和盆地近50年来草地荒漠化驱动因素定量研究[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(04):166.
ZHANG Dong-jie.Quantitative Research of Driving Factors on Grassland Desertification over Last 50 Years in Gonghe Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(01):166.
[2]刘梅,王美英,秦东峰.神府矿区水资源利用与保护及其调控对策[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(06):186.
LIU Mei,WANG Mei-ying,QIN Dong-feng.Investigation of Sustainable Utilization of Water Resources in the Area of Yushenfu Coal Mine[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(01):186.
[3]赵恒和,郭连云,赵年武,等.共和盆地界限温度初终日和积温对气候变化的响应[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):207.
ZHAO Heng-he,GUO Lian-yun,ZHAO Nian-wu,et al.Responses of Initial/Final Date and the Accumulated Temperature Steadily above the Agricultural Threshold Temperature to Climate Change in Gonghe Basin, Qinghai Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):207.
[4]李丽娜,石培基,董翰蓉,等.干旱区石羊河流域水资源研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(02):280.
LI Li-na,SHI Pei-ji,DONG Han-rong,et al.Progress on Water Resources Research in Shiyang River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):280.
[5]郭宝安,张方.长武王东沟试区有限水资源开发利用模式[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(01):99.
Guo Baoan,Zhang Fang.The Development and Utilization Model of Limited Water Resourcesin Wangdonggou Experimental Area of Changwu[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(01):99.
[6]邢大韦,张卫,王百群.神府─东胜矿区采煤对水资源影响的初步评价[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(04):92.
Xing Dawei,Zhang Wei,Wang Baiqun.Preliminary Assessment for the Effects of Coal Mining on the Water Resources in Shenfu-Dongsheng Coal Field[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(01):92.
[7]廖安中,张淑光,邓岚,等.东江流域水土流失区水土资源评价──以上杨试验区为例[J].水土保持研究,1997,4(03):78.
Liao Anzhong,Zhang Shuguang,Deng Lan,et al.Soil and Water Resources Appraisement in the Soil and Water Loss Area in Dongjiang Watershed——Taking Shangyang Experimental Area as an Example[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1997,4(01):78.
[8]徐学选,蒋定生,高鹏.延安生态农业建设中的水问题初步分析[J].水土保持研究,2000,7(02):70.
XU Xuexuan,JIANG Dingsheng,GAO Peng.A Primary Analysis on Water Resources in the Construction of Ecological Agriculture in Yan’an City[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2000,7(01):70.
[9]王礼先.植被生态建设与生态用水——以西北地区为例[J].水土保持研究,2000,7(03):5.
WANG Li-xian.Vegetative Eco-environment Construction and Water Use of Eco-environment——Taking Northwestern Area for An Example[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2000,7(01):5.
[10]塔义尔·肉孜,塔世根·加帕尔.新疆水资源与生态环境建设[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(01):22.
TAYIER·Rouzi,TAXKIN·Japar.Water Resources Exploitation and Ecological Environment Construction of Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(01):22.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2008-6-17。
基金项目:国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目资助（2006BAD26B10）
作者简介:郭连云（1969- ），男，青海湟源县人，学士，工程师，从事气象业务管理工作。E-mail：glycloud@126.com