[1]杨锋伟,陈丽华,朱清科,等.晋西黄土区主要造林树种耗水特性分析[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(01):41-45.
　YANG Feng-wei,CHEN Li-hua,ZHU Qing-ke,et al.Analysis of Water Consumption of Main Afforestation Species in Western Shanxi of Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,15(01):41-45.
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晋西黄土区主要造林树种耗水特性分析

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 15 期数: 2008年01期 页码: 41-45 栏目: 出版日期: 2008-02-20
Title:
Analysis of Water Consumption of Main Afforestation Species in Western Shanxi of Loess Plateau
作者:
杨锋伟1,2, 陈丽华1, 朱清科1, 毕华兴1
1. 北京林业大学 水土保持学院 水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室, 北京 100083;
2. 国家林业局 科学技术司, 北京 100714
Author(s):
YANG Feng-wei1,2, CHEN Li-hua1, ZHU Qing-ke1, BI Hua-xing1
1. College of Soil and Water Conservation in Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Department of Science and Technology of State Forestry Administration, Beijing 100714, China
关键词:
造林树种; 耗水量; 水分平衡; 土壤水分; 黄土区
Keywords:
main afforestation species; water consumption; water balance; soil water; Loess area
分类号:
S715
摘要:
依据水量平衡原理，采用盆栽试验分别测算晋西黄土区主要造林树种油松、刺槐、苹果在其生长季（4-10月）成熟单株树木的耗水量，并根据林地土壤水分动态及土壤水分特征曲线标定的各树种无效水界值，分析了各树种土壤水分供耗特点及其有效性。结果表明：①2002贫水年生长季降水量430.7mm，试验树种同期耗水量为430～470mm，树木供耗失衡，2003丰水年降水量870.2mm，耗水量为450～510mm但降雨分配不均，5月，10月树木供耗也略有失衡；②不同树种年内土壤含水量变化趋势相近，而同月耗水量差异较大，同一树种不同月耗水量差异也较大，丰水年各试验地土壤水分状况要好于贫水年；③油松、刺槐、苹果1和苹果2无效水界值为：8.0%，8.4%，9.4%和9.9%，油松较其它树种利用水分能力最强。贫水年单株树木土壤含水量在一段时间内低于对应树种的无效水界值，影响树木正常生长。单株树木依靠冬季和次年春季降水补充，生长季初期都能恢复到速效水水平。
Abstract:
In order to provide the scientific basis and practical instruction for the vegetation reconstruction and recovery in Loess Plateau, this paper measured and calculated water consumption of potted mature Pinus tabulaeformis, Robinia pseudoacacia, Malus pumila 1 and Malus pumila 2 separately during the growing season (from Apr.to Oct.), which were the main afforestation species in western Shanxi of Loess Plateau, based on the theory of prevention of water transport in horizontal direction.Besides, according to the data of soil water dynamic and the range of available moisture of potted mature trees, it analyzed the relationship between water supply and consumption and the soil moisture availability and deficit state.Several conclusions are listed as follows: ① In the deficit water year (2002), during the growing season the precipitation was 430.7 mm and the water consumption of potted trees was from 430 mm to 470 mm.More water consumption and less available water supply occurred, showing a serious water deficiency.In the abundant water year (2003), during the growing season the precipitation was 870.2 mm and the water consumption of potted trees was from 450 mm to 510 mm.Due to uneven distribution of rainfall, the water budget lost balance a bit in May and Oct.② The curves of soil water content of different species have similar change trends in annual but different in same month.Those of same species in different test plots have different change trends in same month either.③ Non-available soil water content of Pinus tabulaeformis, Robinia pseudoacacia, Malus pumila 1 and Malus pumila 2 is less than 8.0%, 8.4%, 9.4% and 10.9% respectively, which indicates that Pinus tabulaeformis use water more efficiently than others.In the deficit water year (2002), for several months, soil water content of potted trees is lower than its non-available soil water content, which could influence trees healthy growing.After supplements of precipitation of winter in the year and spring in the next year, soil water contents are higher than the lower limit of soil readily available moisture content.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2006-12-29
基金项目:林业科学技术研究项目（2003-045-L45）
作者简介:杨锋伟（1969- ），男，博士，主要从事林业生态工程研究。

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01