LIU Jin-bao,YAO Yun-jun,ZHANG Yong-fu.The Analysis of Multi-scale Spatial Patterns of Vegetation Based on Fractal Geometry[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(01):155-158.
基于分维的多尺度植被空间格局分析
- Title:
- The Analysis of Multi-scale Spatial Patterns of Vegetation Based on Fractal Geometry
- Keywords:
- vegetation; spatial heterogeneity; fractal geometry; semi-variance; multi-scale
- 分类号:
- Q948.5
- 摘要:
- 植被是一个地区植物群落的总体，是对于生态环境因素的综合反映。植被在空间上的分布是典型的分维数体，它在空间所有尺度上都有细节。在许多情况下分维数具有某种形式的自相似性，即它不随尺度的增加或缩小而变化，它独立于尺度。因此比较不同尺度上树种的空间格局与其对应的分维数值，可以对不同尺度上的空间格局有一个全面的了解。通过变异函数计算出的格局的分维数值可以描述不同尺度上空间格局的拓扑学性状和自相似性，可以很好地揭示植被的空间异质性。
- Abstract:
- Vegetation is a collectivity of the phytocommunity in a region and is a synthetical reflection about the ecological environment. The spatial distribution of the vegetation is a typical fractal object and show details in different scales. The fractal dimension always embodies self-similar characteristics which means they don’t change with the scales. Consequently, comparing the spatial pattern and the fractal dimension between different scales will make us understand the spatial pattern roundly. Based on regionalized variable theories, geostatistics is one kind of spatial statistical theory used to explore the correlativity and dependence between spatial variables. The first characteristic of this method is its emphasis on the importance of spatial dependence of variables. In practical research, semi-variance values of ecological factors or other indices can be calculated from the semi-variance formulate according to the theory, and then, semi-variogram can be drawn, distribution characteristic of the vegetation (such as clumped or uniform pattern) can be found from the graph. Mathematical models simulation should be used in quantification of this characteristic. The fractal dimension which was calculated by double-logarithm semi-variogram, where m (the slope of the graph) shows its heterogeneity characteristic as well. The lower the D value is, the higher heterogeneity the distribution of vegetation has.
参考文献/References:
[1] 邬建国.景观生态学-格局、过程、尺度与等级[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001.
[2] Jianguo Wu,Dennis E,Jelinski Matt Luck,et al.Tueller,Multiscale Analysis of Landscape Heterogeneity:Scale Variance and Pattern Metrics[J].Geographic Information Sciences,2000,6(1):6-19.
[3] 傅伯杰,陈利顶,马克明,等.景观生态学原理及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[4] 孙丹峰.IKONOS影像景观格局特征尺度的小波与半方差分析[J].生态学报,2003,23(3):406-413.
[5] Mandelbrot,Benoit B.The Fractal Geometry of Nature.[M].Freeman,1981.
[6] Milne B T.Lessons from applying fractal methods to landscape patterns[A].In:Quantitative methods in landscape ecology[M].New York:Springer-Verlag,1991.
[7] Matheron G.Principles of geostatistics[J].Economic Geology,1963,58:1246-1266.
[8] Burrough P A.Fractal dimensions of landscapes and other environmental data[J].Nature,1981,240-242.
[9] 唐涛,蔡庆华,潘文斌.地统计学在淡水生态学中的应用[J].湖泊科学,2000,12(3):280-288.
[10] 王政权.地统计学及在生态学中的应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.
[11] 马克明,祖元刚.植被格局的分形特征[J].植物生态学报,2000,24(1):111-117.
[12] 李后强,汪富泉.Fractal theory and its application in molecular sciences[M].Beijing:Science Press,1993.
相似文献/References:
[1]肖培青,姚文艺,张海峰.黄土高原植被固土减蚀作用研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):282.
XIAO Pei-qing,YAO Wen-yi,ZHANG Hai-feng.Research Progress of the Role of Vegetation in Soil Conservtion and Soil Erosion Reduction on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):282.
[2]毛吉旦木·地力夏提,王勇辉,海米提·依米提.博、精河下游河岸带土壤速效养分空间异质性分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):19.
Mawjud·Dilxat,WANG Yong-hui,Hamid·Yimit.Analysis of Spatial Heterogeneity of Soil Available Nutrients in Riparian Zone of Bohe and Jinghe River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):19.
[3]汪有科,吴钦孝,韩冰.黄土高原植被建造优化模式[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(03):87.
Wang Youke,Wu Qinxiao,Han Bin.Optimum Patterns to Building Vegetation on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(01):87.
[4]王礼先.植被生态建设与生态用水——以西北地区为例[J].水土保持研究,2000,7(03):5.
WANG Li-xian.Vegetative Eco-environment Construction and Water Use of Eco-environment——Taking Northwestern Area for An Example[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2000,7(01):5.
[5]李鹏,李占斌,郑良勇.植被保持水土有效性研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(01):76.
LI Peng,LI Zhan-bin,ZHENG Liang-yong.Advances in Researches of the Effectiveness for Vegetation Conserving Soil and Water[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(01):76.
[6]张源润,蔡进军,李振永,等.宁南半干旱退化山区林草植被快速恢复技术研究[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(04):12.
ZHANG Yuan-run,CAI Jin-jun,LI Zhen-yong,et al.Research on Vegetation Recovery Technology in Semi-arid Degenerated Mountainous Area in South Ningxia[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(01):12.
[7]杨树,温雨金,刘鸿雁.内蒙古中部地区退耕还林还草后植被与土壤性状的变化[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(04):143.
YANG Shu,WEN YU-jin,LIU Hong-yan.Ecological Effects of Mandatory Conversion of Marginal Farmland to Forestland and Grassland in Central Inner Mongolia[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(01):143.
[8]马绍休,王涛,张建民,等.民勤地区供水和生态需水量分析[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(06):58.
MA Shao-xiu,WANG Tao,ZHANG Jian-min,et al.The Theory of Ecological Water Requirement for Vegetation and Its Application to Minqin Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(01):58.
[9]鄢朝勇,叶建军,韦书勇.植被对边坡浅层稳定的影响[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(01):24.
YAN Chao-yong,YE Jian-jun,WEI Shu-yong.Influence of Vegetation on Slope Shallow Stability[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(01):24.
[10]杨永红,王成华,刘淑珍,等.不同植被类型根系提高浅层滑坡土体抗剪强度的试验研究[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(02):233.
YANG Yong-hong,WANG Cheng-hua,LIU Shu-zhen,et al.Experimental Research on Improving Shear Strength of Soil in Surface Landslide by Root System of Different Vegetation Type[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(01):233.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2006-1-22;改回日期:。
基金项目:成都信息工程学院院选科研项目（编号：CRF200520）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（项目号：40201037）
作者简介:柳锦宝（1979- ），男，湖北黄梅人，教师，现从事遥感与地理信息系统的教学与研究。