Wang Zhanli,Shao Mingan.Soil Erosion Characters of Slope Land in the 2nd Sub-region of Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1998,5(04):11-21,97.
黄土丘陵沟壑区第二副区山坡地土壤侵蚀特征研究
- Title:
- Soil Erosion Characters of Slope Land in the 2nd Sub-region of Loess Plateau
- 摘要:
- 在广泛收集资料的基础上,对黄土丘陵沟壑区第二副区山坡地土壤侵蚀特征以往的研究结论进行了综合分析,结果表明:(1)影响该区山坡地土壤侵蚀的主要因素为降雨、地形及土地利用.(2)该区山坡地土壤侵蚀主要类型为水蚀,主要方式为溅蚀、片蚀、细沟及浅沟侵蚀.(3)该区多年平均侵蚀模数为8373t/km2,其中以坡度大于25°的耕地和植被盖度小于10%的荒草地侵蚀强度最大,年侵蚀模数为18000t/km2,坡度为15～25°的耕地及植被盖度为10%～30%的林草地年侵蚀模数分别为15000t/km2和12000t/km2.
- Abstract:
- On the basis of collected information about erosion in the 2nd Sub-region of LoessPlateau,the research results was revealed:(1) the main factors affecting soil erosion in slopeland were precipitation,topography and land use,(2) the main erosion.types were splasherosion,sheet erosion.rill erosion and shallow gully erosion,(3) the annunal average erosionmodule was 8373t/km2,annunal erosion module with 25° slope land and 10% coverdegree was 18OOt/km2,annunal erosion module with 15~25° slope land and grass-forest landwith 10%~30% cover degree were 15OOt/km2 and 12OOt/km2 respectively.
参考文献/References:
[1] 李壁成.小流域水土流失与综合治理遥感监测.北京:科学出版社.1995
[2] 杨文治,余存祖.黄土高原区域治理与评价.北京:科学出版社,1992
[3] 中国科学院、水利部西北水土保持研究所.黄土高原综合治理试验示范专题地图集.北京:测绘出版社,1991
[4] 中国科学院黄土高原综合科学考察队.黄土高原地区土壤侵蚀特征及其治理途径.北京:中国科学技术出版社,1990
[5] 武春龙.江忠善等.妥塞县纸坊沟流域土壤侵蚀类型遥感制图.水土保持通报,1990.10(4):6-12
[6] 周佩华,武春龙.黄土高原小流域综合治理减沙效益的计算问题探讨.水土保持通报,1991.11(1)
[7] 中国科学院、水利部西北水土保持研究所茶坊课题组.安塞实验区水土保持综合治理及减沙效益(英文).见:黄土丘陵沟壑区水土保持型生态农业研究(下册).杨陵:天则出版社,1990
[8] 周佩华.略述黄土高原水土保持的减沙效益间题.水土保持通报,1991.11(2):1-3
[9] 王玉宽,王占礼等.黄土高原坡面降雨产流过程的试验分析.水土保持学报,1991,5(2):25-31
[10] 刘元保等.黄土高原坡面沟蚀的类型及其发生发展规律.中国科学院西北水土保持研究所集刊,1988.第7集
[11] 刘元保等.黄土高原土壤侵蚀垂直分带性研究.中国科学院西北水土保持研究所集刊,198E,第7集
[12] 姜永清等.安塞县土壤侵蚀类型遥感调查制图.见:黄土高原遥感调查试验研究.北京:科学出版社,1998
[13] 陈德华等.安基县土地利用现状遥感调查与制图.见:黄土高原遥感调查试验研究.北京:科学出版社,1998
[14] 陈光伟.安塞遥感试验区自然条件和社会经济概况.见:黄土高原遥感调查试验研究.北京:科学出版社,1998
[15] 郑粉莉等.坡耕地细沟侵蚀的发生、发展和防治途径的探讨.水土保持学报,1987.1(1)
[16] 江忠善等.地形因素与坡地水土流失关系的研究.中国科学院、水利部西北水土保持研究所集刊,1990,第12集
[17] 贾志伟等.降雨特征与水土流失关系的研究.中国科学院、水利部西北水土保持研究所集刊,1990,第12集
[18] 王玉宽等.单次暴雨小流域产流产沙分布的定量研究.水土保持学报,1992,6(3)
[19] 陈永宗等.黄土高原现代侵蚀与治理.北京:科学出版社,1998
[20] 中国科学院西北水土保持研究所.黄土高原杏子河流域自然资源与水土保持.西安:陕西科学出版社,1986
[21] 江忠善等.应用地理信息系统评价黄土丘陵区小流域土壤侵蚀的研究.水土保持研究,1996,3(2)
[22] 贾绍凤.根据植被估算黄土高原的自然侵蚀和加速侵蚀——以安塞县为例.水土保持通报,1995,15(4)
[23] 刘志等.降雨因素和坡度对片蚀的影响.水土保持通报,1994,14(6)
[24] 孟庆枚.黄土高原水土保持.郑州:黄河水利出版社,1996
[25] 黄河水利委员会水土保持局.黄河流域水土保持研究.郑州:黄河水利出版社,1997
[26] 王玉宽.小流域土壤侵蚀分布的定量研究[硕士论文].陕西杨陵:中科院水利部水土保持研究所,1990
[27] 张科利.陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区坡耕地浅沟及其防治途径(硕士论文).陕西杨陵:中科院水利部水土保持研究所,1988
相似文献/References:
[1]苏嫄,焦菊英,马祥华.黄土丘陵沟壑区主要群落地上生物量季节变化及其与土壤水分的关系[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):7.
SU Yuan,JIAO Ju-ying,MA Xiang-hua.Seasonal Variation of Aboveground Biomass of Main Plant Communities and Its Relationship with Soil Moisture in the Hill-gully Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):7.
[2]王巧利,贾燕锋,王宁,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区自然恢复坡面植物根系的分布特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):16.
WANG Qiao-li,JIA Yan-feng,WANG Ning,et al.Distribution of Root on Vegetation Recovery Slope in the Hilly and Gully Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):16.
[3]张瑞,曹华,王云强,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区小流域土壤水分空间变异性及其影响因素[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):52.
ZHANG Rui,CAO Hua,WANG Yun-qiang,et al.Spatial Variability of Soil Moisture and Its Influence Factors in Watershed of Gully Region on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):52.
[4]邝高明,朱清科,刘中奇,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区微地形对土壤水分及生物量的影响[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):74.
KUANG Gao-ming,ZHU Qing-ke,LIU Zhong-qi,et al.Effect of Microrelief on the Soil Water and Vegetation Arrangement in Loess Hilly and Gully Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):74.
[5]张兴昌.黄土丘陵沟壑区水平沟耕作效益研究[J].水土保持研究,1998,5(04):52.
Zhang Xingchang.The Benefit of Level Trench Tillage in Hilly-gully Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1998,5(04):52.
[6]李忠武,蔡强国,唐政洪,等.晋西黄土丘陵沟壑区作物生产力影响因子研究——以王家沟流域为例[J].水土保持研究,2001,8(04):70.
LI Zhong-wu,CAI Qiang-guo,TANG Zheng-hong,et al.Analysis of Affecting Factors on Crop Production in Hilly Loess Region——Taking Wangjiagou Watershed as an Example[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2001,8(04):70.
[7]张维江,孙保平,郭文锋,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区小流域治沟骨干工程淤积量预报模型探讨[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(01):107.
ZHANG Wei-jiang,SUN Bao-ping,GUO Wen-feng,et al.Approach to the Sediments Prediction Model of Check Dam in Loess Hilly-gully Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(04):107.
[8]李旭霖,张复明,郝晋.黄土丘陵沟壑区生态环境建设探讨[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(03):146.
LI Xulin,ZHANG Fuming,HAO Jinmin.Research on Building Eco-environment in Loess Hilly-gully Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(04):146.
[9]马祥华,焦菊英,温仲明,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区退耕地土壤速效N的分布特征及其与物种多样性的关系[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(01):13.
MA Xiang-hua,JIAO Ju-ying,WEN Zhong-ming,et al.Distribution Characteristics of Soil Available Nitrogen and Its Correlation with Plant Species Diversity in Abandoned Lands in Hilly and Gully Regions on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(04):13.
[10]马祥华,焦菊英,温仲明,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区退耕地植被恢复中土壤物理特性变化研究[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(01):17.
MA Xiang-hua,JIAO Ju-ying,WEN Zhong-ming,et al.The Changes of Soil Physical Properties in Abandoned Lands During Vegetation Restoration in Hilly and Gully Regions on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(04):17.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:1998-9-15。
基金项目:黄委会水土保持科学研究基金(95-04-01);中国科学院资源与生态环境研究重大项目(KZ951-B1-211)