Hou Wenning,Wang Haiyan,Meng Hai,et al.Nonpoint Source Pollution and Its Relationship with Soil Organic Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus of the Riparian Zone in the Sunxi River Watershed[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,31(01):117-125.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.01.020]
笋溪河面源污染及其与河岸带土壤有机碳、氮、磷的关系
- Title:
- Nonpoint Source Pollution and Its Relationship with Soil Organic Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus of the Riparian Zone in the Sunxi River Watershed
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2024)01-0117-09
- 分类号:
- X522
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]分析水体和河岸带土壤氮磷的空间异质性,探讨河岸带土壤有机碳、氮、磷含量对水体面源污染的影响程度,为明晰重庆笋溪河水体面源污染状况及其与河岸带土壤的关系提供理论依据。[方法]沿笋溪河采集水样44个、0—20与20—40 cm土层土样各44个,采用内梅罗指数评价了笋溪河水质污染状况,并运用方差分析和多重比较、独立样本t检验、相关性分析和冗余分析等方法研究了河岸带水体不同形态氮、磷,土壤有机碳与氮、磷总量和有效量的空间分布特征,以及水体氮、磷对土壤有机碳与各形态氮、磷及化学计量比的响应。[结果](1)笋溪河水体严重污染,且下游污染较上、中游严重;(2)笋溪河下游水体总氮、总磷和可溶性磷酸盐极显著高于上、中游,下游硝酸盐氮极显著高于中游(p<0.01);(3)下游20—40 cm土层土壤有机碳含量显著高于中游,两个土层土壤有效磷和20—40 cm全磷在各河段间差异显著,而20—40 cm C/P和0—40 cm N/P在上游均显著高于中、下游(p<0.05); 0—20 cm土壤有机碳、全氮、硝态氮、全磷和有效磷含量均显著高于20—40 cm(p<0.05),表聚现象明显;(4)相关性分析显示水体各形态氮和总磷与土壤全磷和有效磷呈显著正相关(p<0.05),冗余分析表明土壤有机碳与各形态氮、磷及化学计量比对水体各形态氮、磷的总解释率达64.15%,土壤全磷和有效磷是影响水体面源污染的主导因子。[结论]笋溪河面源污染严重,土壤全磷和有效磷可显著影响水体污染状况,面源污染治理应重点关注河岸带生态系统。
- Abstract:
- [Objective] The aim of this study is to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of nitrogen and phosphorus in water body and riparian soil, and to explore the effects of soil organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus content on nonpoint source pollution so as to provide a theoretical basis for clarifying the water nonpoint source pollution status and its relationship with the riparian soil of the Sunxi River watershed in Chongqing. [Methods] 44 water samples along the Sunxi River and soil samples at depths of 0—20 cm and 20—40 cm in the riparian zone were collected. We applied the Nemerow index to evaluate water pollution status. The ANOVA and multiple comparison, independent sample t-test, correlation analysis and redundancy analysis were used to study the spatial distribution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus forms in water body, soil organic carbon, total and available nitrogen and phosphorus in the riparian zone, and the response of water nitrogen and phosphorus to soil organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus forms and their stoichiometric ratios. [Results](1)The Sunxi River was seriously polluted, and the pollution in the lower reach was more serious than that in the upper and middle reaches.(2)Water total nitrogen, total phosphorus and soluble phosphate in the lower reach of the Sunxi River watershed were extremely significantly higher than those in the upper and middle reach, nitrate nitrogen in the lower reach were extremely significantly higher than that in the middle reach(p<0.01).(3)Soil organic carbon contents at the depth of 20—40 cm in the lower reaches were significantly higher than the middle reach, available phosphorus in the two soil layers and total phosphorus at 20—40 cm were significantly different among the river sections, while soil C/P ratios at 20—40 cm and N/P ratios at 0—40 cm were significantly higher in the upper reach than the middle and lower reaches(p<0.05). The contents of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total and available phosphate at the depth of 0—20 cm were significantly higher than those at 20—40 cm(p<0.05)with an obvious surface accumulation phenomenon.(4)Correlation analysis indicated that water nitrogen forms and total phosphorus were significantly positively correlated with soil total and available phosphorus(p<0.05), and redundancy analysis showed that the total interpretation rate of soil organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus forms and stoichiometric ratios to water nitrogen and phosphorus forms was 64.15%, indicating that soil total and available phosphorus were the main factors affecting nonpoint source pollution. [Conclusion] The nonpoint source pollution of the Sunxi River is severe, and soil total and available phosphorus can significantly affect the water pollution status. The control of nonpoint source pollution should focus on the riparian ecosystem.
参考文献/References:
[1] 卢珏安,谌书,蒋卉,等.三峡水库典型支流水体氮磷分布特征及污染评价[J].昆明理工大学学报:自然科学版,2019,44(1):104-112.
Lu Y A, Chen S, Jiang H, et al. Nitrogen and phosphorus distribution characteristic and pollution evaluation in typical tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir[J]. Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2019,44(1):104-112.
[2] 谢忠洲,陈德敏.淡水资源战略储备库的概念意蕴和制度建构:以三峡库区淡水资源战略储备库为实践样本[J].中国软科学,2022,13(1):7-19.
Xie Z Z, Chen D M. Conceptualization and institutional construction of the strategic reserve of freshwater resources: taking the strategic reserve of freshwater resources in Three Gorges Reservoir Area as a practical sample[J]. China Soft Science, 2022,13(1):7-19.
[3] Chen X M, Xu G H, Zhang W S, et al. Spatial variation pattern analysis of hydrologic processes and water quality in Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J]. Water, 2019,11(12):2608.
[4] Sharma A, Tiwari K N. Predicting non-point source of pollution in Maithon reservoir using a semi-distributed hydrological model[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2019,191(8):522.
[5] Capon S J, Pettit N E. Turquoise is the new green:Restoring and enhancing riparian function in the Anthropocene[J]. Ecological Management and Restoration, 2018,19(S1):44-53.
[6] 韩路,王海珍,于军.河岸带生态学研究进展与展望[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(5):879-886.
Han L, Wang H Z, Yu J. Research progress and prospects on riparian zone ecology[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2013,22(5):879-886.
[7] 王琼,范康飞,范志平,等.河岸缓冲带对氮污染物削减作用研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2020,39(2):665-677.
Wang Q, Fan K F, Fan Z P, et al. Nitrogen pollutant removal by riparian buffer zone:A review[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2020,39(2):665-677.
[8] 王智,陈刚亮,李建华.崇明岛不同类型河岸带土壤碳氮分布特征[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(22):9266-9269.
Wang Z, Chen G L, Li J H. Distribution characteristics of soil carbon and nitrogen in different riparian zones in Chongming Island[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2013,41(22):9266-9269.
[9] 杨春璐,马溪平,李法云,等.海城河河岸带土壤理化性质分析[J].生态科学,2010,29(3):262-267.
Yang C L, Ma X P, Li F Y, et al. Analysis of soil physical and chemical properties in the coastal zone of Haicheng River[J]. Ecological Science, 2010,29(3):262-267.
[10] Qian J, Shen M M, Wang P F, et al. Fractions and spatial distributions of agricultural riparian soil phosphorus in a small river basin of Taihu area, China[J]. Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability, 2017,29(1):33-41.
[11] 赵清贺,刘倩,马丽娇,等.黄河中下游典型河岸带土壤性质空间变异及其对环境的响应[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(12):3795-3802.
Zhao Q H, Liu Q, Ma L J, et al. Spatial variation in riparian soil properties and its response to environmental factors in typical reach of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2015,26(12):3795-3802.
[12] 李锐,牛江波,杨超,等.长江上游江津段河岸带对陆源氮磷的拦截作用研究[J].西南大学学报:自然科学版,2017,39(10):11-19.
Li R, Niu J B, Yang C, et al. Study on the interception of riparian to nitrogen and phosphorus at deganba of Jiangjin in the upper reaches of the Yellow River[J]. Journal of Southwest University:Natural Science Edition,2017,39(10):11-19.
[13] 孟海,王海燕,侯文宁,等.重庆笋溪河流域河岸带水体—土壤—植物的氮磷特征及影响因素[J].水土保持学报,2022,36(2):275-282,291.
Meng H, Wang H Y, Hou W N, et al. Nitrogen and phosphorus characteristics and influencing factors in water-soil-plant system in the riparian zone of the Sunxi River Watershed, Chongqing[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2022,36(2):275-282,291.
[14] 郑永林,王海燕,王一格,等.三峡库区笋溪河流域面源污染及其与土壤可蚀性k值的关系[J].应用与环境生物学报,2021,27(1):208-213.
Zheng Y L, Wang H Y, Wang Y G, et al. Non-point source pollution and its relationship with soil erodibility k value in the Sunxi River watershed, Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 2021,27(1):208-213.
[15] 中华人民共和国环境保护部. HJ 710.1-2014生物多样性观测技术导则陆生维管植物[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2021:1-25.
Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China. HJ 710.1-2014 Technical guidelines for biodiversity observation-Terrestrial vascular plants[S]. Beijing:China Environmental Science Press, 2021:1-25.
[16] 中华人民共和国生态环境部. HJ2.3-2018环境影响评价技术导则地表水环境[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2021:1-50.
Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China. HJ2.3-2018 Technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment-Surface water environment[S]. Beijing:Standards Press of China, 2021:1-50.
[17] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:14-111.
Bao S D. Soil Agrochemical analysis[M]. Beijing:China Agriculture Press, 2000:14-111.
[18] 陆雍森.环境评价[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1999.
Lu Y L. Environmental assessment[M]. Shanghai:Tongji University Press, 1999.
[19] 曾现进,李天宏,温晓玲.基于AHP和向量模法的宜昌市水环境承载力研究[J].环境科学与技术,2013,36(6):200-205.
Zeng X J, Li T H, Wen X L. Analysis on carrying capacity of water environment in Yichang City based on AHP and vector norm method[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2013,36(6):200-205.
[20] Nweze N, Eze E C. Physico-chemical water quality characteristics of upper Ebonyi River, Enugu State, Nigeria[J]. African Journal of Aquatic Science, 2018,43:417-421. DOI:10,2989/16085914,2018.1517078.
[21] Xiang R, Wang L J, Li H, et al. Temporal and spatial variation in water quality in the Three Gorges Reservoir from 1998 to 2018[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2021,768:144866.
[22] Hou W N, Wang H Y, Zheng Y L, et al. Seasonal variation characteristics of water quality in the Sunxi River Watershed, Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J]. Peerj, 2022,10:e14233.
[23] 孙卫波,陈诗越,陈影影,等.黄河下游湖泊水化学特征与水体营养类型评价[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(6):338-341.
Sun W B, Chen S Y, Chen Y Y, et al. The assessment of hydrochemistry characteristics and eutrophication types of lakes in lower reaches of the Yellow River[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2011,27(6):338-341.
[24] 孙婷婷,唐涛,申恒伦,等.香溪河流域不同介质中碳、氮、磷的分布特征及相关性研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(5):853-859.
Sun T T, Tang T, Shen H L, et al. Spatial distributions of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in various mediums of the Xiangxi River Watershed and their correlations[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2015,24(5):853-859.
[25] 霍莉莉,邹元春,郭佳伟,等.垦殖对湿地土壤有机碳垂直分布及可溶性有机碳截留的影响[J].环境科学,2013,34(1):283-287.
Huo L L, Zou Y C, Guo J W, et al. Effect of reclamation on the vertical distribution of SOC and retention of DOC[J]. Environmental Science, 2013,34(1):283-287.
[26] 蔡雅梅,冯民权.汾河河岸带土壤氮、磷的时空分布规律及其影响因素研究[J].水土保持学报,2021,35(4):222-229,236.
Cai Y M, Feng M Q. Study on the spatial and temporal distribution and influencing factors of soil nitrogen and phosphorus in riparian zone of Fenhe River[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2021,35(4):222-229,236.
[27] 卞福花,吴秋堂,吴梦迪,等.不同水盐生境下芦苇湿地植被及土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征[J].应用生态学报,2022,33(2):385-396.
Bian F H, Wu Q T, Wu M D, et al. C:N:P stoichiometry in plants and soils of Phragmites australis wetland under different water-salt habitats[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2022,33(2):385-396.
[28] 汪宗飞,郑粉莉.黄土高原子午岭地区人工油松林碳氮磷生态化学计量特征[J].生态学报,2018,38(19):6870-6880.
Wang Z F, Zheng F L. C, N, and P stoichiometric characteristics of Pinus tabulaeformis plantation in the Ziwuling Region of the Loess Plateau[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018,38(19):6870-6880.
[29] 郭二辉,方晓,马丽,等.河岸带农田不同恢复年限对土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征的影响:以温榆河为例[J].生态学报,2020,40(11):3785-3794.
Guo E H, Fang X, Ma L, et al. Effects of different recovery years on the ecological stoichiometry characteristics of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in riparian farmland: A case study of Wenyu River[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2020,40(11):3785-3794.
相似文献/References:
[1]吴晓妮,付登高,彭珮媛,等.基于生态化学计量方法识别农业面源污染防控重点区域[J].水土保持研究,2020,27(05):160.
WU Xiaoni,FU Denggao,PENG Peiyuan,et al.Identifying Key Areas of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Control Based on Ecological Stoichiometry[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,27(01):160.
[2]张淼淼,肖 武,徐建飞,等.巢湖流域土地整治与面源污染时空过程及关系[J].水土保持研究,2021,28(01):360.
ZHANG Miaomiao,XIAO Wu,XU Jianfei,et al.Spatiotemporal Processes and Relationships Between Land Consolidation and Non-point Source Pollution in Chaohu Lake Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2021,28(01):360.
[3]王 磊,索琳娜,魏 丹,等.不同植物配置模式坡耕地面源污染生态阻控特征[J].水土保持研究,2021,28(05):29.
WANG Lei,SUO Linna,WEI Dan,et al.Ecological Control Characteristics of Non-point Source Pollution in Slope Farmland Under Different Plant Allocation Modes[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2021,28(01):29.
[4]李刚浩,夏 颖,黄 敏,等.三峡库区坡耕地免耕秸秆覆盖下氮磷流失特征[J].水土保持研究,2023,30(02):93.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.02.017]
LI Ganghao,XIA Ying,HUANG Min,et al.Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Losses on Sloping Farmland Under No-tillage and Straw Mulch in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(01):93.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.02.017]
[5]叶志成,朱 青,廖凯华,等.天目湖流域茶园不同施肥水平与方式对茶叶品质和土壤氮磷淋失浓度的影响[J].水土保持研究,2023,30(04):53.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.04.001.]
YE Zhicheng,ZHU Qing,LIAO Kaihua,et al.Effects of Different Fertilization Levels and Methods on Tea Quality and Leaching Concentrations of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Soil in Tianmu Lake Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(01):53.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.04.001.]
[6]文高辉,王子诚,何 庆,等.洞庭湖平原化肥面源污染生态环境风险及脱钩效应[J].水土保持研究,2023,30(04):301.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.04.004.]
WEN Gaohui,WANG Zicheng,HE Qing,et al.Eco-environmental Risks and Decoupling Effects of Fertilizer Non-Point Source Pollution in Dongting Lake Plain[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(01):301.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.04.004.]
[7]张小磊,裴颖春,夏长会,等.黄河下游典型潮土区玉米地径流氮素流失特征[J].水土保持研究,2023,30(05):113.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.05.038.]
ZHANG Xiaolei,PEI Yingchun,XIA Zhanghui,et al.Characteristics of Nitrogen Loss from Corn Field Surface Runoff in Typical Fluvo-aquic Soil Area of the Lower Reaches of the Yellow River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(01):113.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.05.038.]
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2023-01-28 修回日期:2023-02-21
资助项目:国家“十三五”重点研发计划“三峡库区面源污染景观生态防治技术集成与示范”(2017YFC0505306)
第一作者:侯文宁(1998—),女,河北衡水人,硕士研究生,主要从事农业面源污染研究。E-mail:15933812933@163.com
通信作者:王海燕(1972—),女,湖北浠水人,博士,教授,主要从事土壤生态学、农业面源污染研究。E-mail:haiyanwang72@aliyun.com