Wang Huiyuan,Song Jinxi,Wu Qiong.Comprehensive Evaluation of Water Source Conservation Function in the Bahe River Basin at the Northern Foot of Qinling Mountains Based on SWAT Model[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(06):307-315.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.06.030]
基于SWAT模型的秦岭北麓灞河流域水源涵养功能综合评价
- Title:
- Comprehensive Evaluation of Water Source Conservation Function in the Bahe River Basin at the Northern Foot of Qinling Mountains Based on SWAT Model
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2023)06-0307-09
- Keywords:
- Bahe River Basin; water conservation amount; water conservation function; SWAT model; vegetation net primary productivity
- 分类号:
- S714.7
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]准确理解水源涵养功能的内涵,以提高水源涵养功能计算结果的合理性。[方法]选取秦岭北麓灞河流域作为研究区域,采用SWAT模型,基于水量平衡法,建立了水源涵养量定量计算公式,分析了近59 a来灞河流域水源涵养量演变规律; 同时,提出了水源涵养功能综合评价新方法,即:基于生态系统水碳循环作为水源涵养功能评价理论基础,水源涵养量与NPP(植被净初级生产力)的比值作为水源涵养功能定量化评价指标,分析了近18 a来灞河流域水源涵养功能演变规律及空间格局。[结果](1)分季节率定优于全序列率定,采用新的率定方法可以提高模型流量模拟结果。(2)近59 a灞河流域年际水源涵养量呈下降趋势,变化率为k=-1.4 mm/a,采用Mann-Kendall非参数统计法,2013年开始年水源涵养量呈明显下降趋势; 采用Morlet小波对灞河流域年水源涵养量距平时序数据进行小波分析,在35 a主周期下水源涵养量变化周期为23 a左右。(3)近18 a来,灞河流域水源涵养功能年际变化总体上呈减少趋势,年际变化率为-0.013 5 mm/g,水源涵养功能在空间上表现为随着坡度上升,水源涵养功能增强。[结论]分季节率定可以提高SWAT模型流量模拟结果,灞河流域近年来水源涵养功能呈下降趋势。
- Abstract:
- [Objective] The aims of this study are to accurately understand the connotation of water conservation function and improve the rationality of the calculation results of water conservation function. [Methods] The Bahe River Basin at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains was selected as the research area, and the SWAT model was used. Based on the water balance method, a quantitative calculation formula for water conservation was established, and the evolution law of water conservation in the Bahe Basin in the past 59 years was analyzed. At the same time, a new comprehensive evaluation method of water conservation function was proposed. Based on the water carbon cycle of the ecosystem as the theoretical basis for the evaluation of water conservation function, and the ratio of water conservation amount to NPP(net primary productivity of vegetation)as the quantitative evaluation index of water conservation function, the evolution law and spatial pattern of water conservation function in the Bahe River Basin in the past 18 years were analyzed. [Results](1)The seasonal rate setting was better than the whole series rate setting, and the new method could improve the model flow simulation results.(2)In the past 59 years, the inter-annual water conservation in the Bahe River Basin had shown a downward trend, and the change rate was k=-1.4 mm/a. The Mann-Kendall nonparametric statistical method was used. The annual water conservation had shown a significant downward trend since 2013. Morlet Wavelet analysis of the anomalous time series data of annual water conservation in the Bahe River Basin showed that the change period of water conservation under the main cycle of 35 years was about 23 years.(3)In the past 18 years, the inter-annual variation of the water conservation function in the Bahe River Basin had generally shown a decreasing trend, with an interannual variation rate of -0.013 5 mm/g. The spatial performance of the water conservation function was that with the increase of the slope, the conservation function enhanced. [Conclusion] Seasonal calibration can improve the flow simulation results of SWAT model, and the water conservation function of the Bahe River Basin has shown a downward trend in recent years.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2022-07-14 修回日期:2022-10-10
资助项目:陕西省重点研发计划项目“秦岭水源涵养演变机制及其调控技术与示范”(2019ZDLSF05-02)
第一作者:王辉源(1988—),男,陕西榆林人,博士研究生,研究方向为森林水文学。E-mail:hy69@stumail.nwu.edu.cn
通信作者:宋进喜(1971—),男,甘肃天水人,博士,教授,主要从事生态水文研究。E-mail:jinxisong@nwu.edu.cn