AN Siwen,MA Caihong,HUA Yuqi,et al.Analysis of Ecosystem Service Value Profit and Loss Under the Oasis Development Model of the Ecological Fragile Area in the Upper Yellow River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(06):375-382.
黄河上游生态脆弱区绿洲开发模式下生态系统服务价值损益分析——以宁夏红寺堡区为例
- Title:
- Analysis of Ecosystem Service Value Profit and Loss Under the Oasis Development Model of the Ecological Fragile Area in the Upper Yellow River
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2022)06-0375-08
- Keywords:
- land use change; ecological service value; ecological-production-living space; evolution characteristics; Hongsibu District
- 分类号:
- F301.2; X171
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为了探究黄河上游绿洲灌溉区的开发模式对生态系统服务价值(ESV)的影响,选取宁夏红寺堡区为研究区域,基于Landsat TM和GF-2遥感影像数据源,通过修订生态系统服务当量因子,对其生态系统服务价值损益进行了定量分析。结果表明:(1)自1998年底第一批宁夏南部山区的移民迁入红寺堡区开启绿洲开发模式以来,红寺堡灌区面积持续扩张,至2018年已达5.17×104 hm2,形成了“蝴蝶型”的荒漠绿洲分布格局。(2)绿洲开发使得红寺堡区的土地利用结构发生显著变化,旱地、其他草地和未利用地大幅减少,水浇地、林地和建设用地大幅增加,基本形成以绿洲为主的生活空间和生产空间、周边为生态空间的“三生”空间格局。(3)1990—2018年红寺堡区的ESV由1.151×109元提升为2.267×109元,这主要得益于林草地、水体等生态用地的扩张,各单项服务价值呈上升趋势,生态建设成效显著。(4)红寺堡区的ESV总量变化呈现明显的阶段性特征,其中,1990—2000年轻度降低,此后持续增长。1990—2000年,旱地扩张,导致林草地失衡,生态退化,ESV损失2.9×107元; 2000—2018年ESV增加1.116×109元,其中,城镇建设用地快速扩张是ESV损失的主因,林草地和水域的扩张是ESV增加的主因。综上,红寺堡区在绿洲开发进程中生态建设成效显著,但也存在因为开发导致ESV损失的情况。今后发展中,需要进一步提升社会-经济-生态三者的协同发展能力。
- Abstract:
- In order to explore the impact of development patterns on ecosystem service value(ESV)of oasis irrigation areas in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, Hongsibu District of Ningxia was selected as the research area. Based on Landsat TM and GF-2 remote sensing image data sources, the benefits and losses of ecosystem service value were quantitatively analysed by revising ecosystem service equivalent factors. The results showed that:(1)Since the first group of migrants from the southern mountainous areas of Ningxia moved into Hongsibu District at the end of 1998 and started the oasis development mode, the area of Hongsibu irrigated area continued to expand, reaching 5.17×104 hm2 by 2018, forming a desert oasis distribution pattern.(2)Oasis development significantly changed the land use structure in Hongsibu District, with the decrease of dry land, other grassland and unused land, and the increase of irrigated land, forest land and construction land, forming a ‘production-ecological' spatial pattern with oasis as living space and production space, in addition to surrounding ecological space.(3)From 1990 to 2018, ESV of Hongsibu District increased from 1.151×109 yuan to 2.267×109 yuan, which was mainly due to the expansion of forest, grassland, water and other ecological land. Each single service value showed a rising trend, and the ecological construction achieved remarkable results.(4)The total amount of ESV in Hongsibu District showed obvious stage characteristics, among which, decreased from 1990 to 2000, and then continued to increase. From 1990 to 2000, the expansion of dry land resulted in the imbalance of forest, grassland, useable land, ecological degradation and ESV loss of 2.9×107 yuan. From 2000 to 2018, ESV increased by 1.116×109 yuan, in which the rapid expansion of urban construction land was the main cause of ESV loss, while the expansion of forest, grassland and water area was the main cause of ESV increase. So Hongsibu District has achieved remarkable achievements in ecological construction in the process of oasis development, but there are also some cases of ESV loss due to development. In future development, it is necessary to further enhance the synergistic development capacity of the three aspects of society, economy and ecology.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2021-07-21 修回日期:2021-09-30
资助项目:宁夏自然科学基金重点项目(2020AAC02008); 国家自然科学基金(41761034,41961034,42061037)
第一作者:安斯文(1997—),女,宁夏海原县人,硕士研究生,研究方向为空间信息技术与分析。E-mail:aswen97@163.com
通信作者:马彩虹(1974—),女,宁夏西吉县人,博士,教授,主要从事资源环境评价与GIS/RS应用研究。E-mail:mchyanni@163.com