WANG Zhijie,DAI Lei,ZHOU Xuexia,et al.Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Patch Pattern of Mosaic Mountain in Typical Karst Mountainous Cities[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(03):197-204.
典型喀斯特山地城市镶嵌山体斑块格局时空变化特征
- Title:
- Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Patch Pattern of Mosaic Mountain in Typical Karst Mountainous Cities
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2022)03-0197-08
- Keywords:
- pattern changes; mountain landscape patch; exploratory spatial data model; potential ecological connectivity; karst mountainous cities
- 分类号:
- P968; S766; X24
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 喀斯特山地城市镶嵌山体对生物多样性保护、生态系统健康稳定、生态系统服务具有重要的作用和功能。为探明喀斯特山地城市镶嵌山体斑块的时空变化,以典型喀斯特山地城市贵阳市中心城区为对象,运用2000—2020年5期高分辨率遥感影像,采用GIS空间分析、探索性空间数据模型、景观格局分析等方法,从规模、形态和空间分布方面,分析了快速城市化背景下山体斑块格局的时空变化特征。结果表明:(1)贵阳市中心城区山体斑块数量和面积分布广泛,但20年间山体斑块数量减少30座,面积减幅达25.2%,表现出先切割打碎后吞并侵占的特征,其中大型山体规模持续减小,其他各类型山体数量和面积呈“先增后减”的变化趋势。(2)山体斑块分维数接近1,整体形状较为规则,2000—2020年山体斑块形状指数增大近1.12倍,斑块形状总体呈现复杂化、破碎化的趋势; 但大型、中大型山体斑块形状更加规则化,而其他类型山体斑块形状日趋复杂破碎。(3)山体斑块具有极显著的空间聚集效应,最邻近指数介于0.766 9～0.841 4,全局性空间聚类标准化Z值小于-2.58,以小面积山体斑块的聚集为主,分布具有明显的空间异质性。20年间,空间聚集效应减弱,高密度区逐渐萎缩,低密度区不断扩散且呈集中连片趋势; 并且山体斑块的潜在生态连通性水平持续降低。
- Abstract:
- The mosaic mountain landscape in karst mountainous cities plays an important role in biodiversity protection, ecosystem health and stability, and ecosystem services. In order to reveal the spatiotemporal variation of mosaic mountain patches in karst mountainous cities, taking the central urban area of Guiyang City center as an example, we used the high-resolution remote sensing images from 2000 to 2020, and adopted GIS spatial analysis, exploratory spatial data model and landscape pattern analysis etc., to analyze the spatiaotemporal characteristics of mosaic mountain patch pattern under the background of rapid urbanization from the aspects of scale, morphology and spatial distribution. The results show that:(1)the number and area of mountain patches widely distributed in the central urban area; In the past 20 years, the number and area of mountain patches had decreased by 30 and 25.2%, respectively, showing the characteristics of cutting and smashing first and then annexing and occupying; the area and quantity of large mountains decreased continuously, while the number and area of other types of mountains presented a change trend of ‘first increase and then decrease';(2)the shape of mountain patches was relatively regular with the fractal dimension close to 1; from 2000 to 2020, the shape of mountain patches presented a trend of complexity and fragmentation. the shape index increased by 1.12 times; the shapes of large and medium-sized mountain patches tended to be more regular, while the other types of mountain patches were increasingly complex and fragmented;(3)the mountain patches had significant spatial aggregation effect with the average nearest neighbor ratio ranging from 0.766 9 to 0.841 4, and the Z value of Getis-Ord General less than -2.58; the aggregation of small mountain patches was dominant, and the distribution had obvious spatial heterogeneity; however, the spatial aggregation effect weakened, the high-density area gradually shrunk, and the low-density area continued to spread and showed a concentrated contiguous trend; and the potential ecological connectivity level of mountain landscape patches continued to decrease.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2021-05-30 修回日期:2021-06-04
资助项目:国家自然科学基金项目(42061039,41071319); 贵州大学培育项目(贵大培育[2020]46); 贵州省生物学一流学科建设项目(GNYL[2017]009)
第一作者:王志杰(1986—),男,甘肃会宁人,副教授,博士,研究方向:喀斯特山地区域与景观生态、山地生物多样性保护。E-mail:zjwang3@gzu.edu.cn
通信作者:苏嫄(1986—),女,陕西延安人,高级实验师,硕士,研究方向:喀斯特山地区域与景观生态。E-mail:ysu@gzu.edu.cn