[1]刘思璇,高建恩,李文证,等.黄土丘陵区边坡开挖对土壤抗蚀性影响[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(02):23-30.
　LIU Sixuan,GAO Jianen,LI Wenzheng,et al.Effect of Slope Excavation on Anti-Erosion of Soil in Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(02):23-30.
点击复制

黄土丘陵区边坡开挖对土壤抗蚀性影响

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 29 期数: 2022年02期 页码: 23-30 栏目: 出版日期: 2022-03-20
Title:
Effect of Slope Excavation on Anti-Erosion of Soil in Loess Hilly Region
文章编号:
1005-3409(2022)02-0023-08
作者:
刘思璇1, 高建恩1,2,3, 李文证1, 高 哲4, 周凡凡1, 王照润1, 王 鹭1
(1.西北农林科技大学 水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100; 2.中国科学院 水利部 水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100; 3.水利部 水土保持生态工程技术研究中心, 陕西 杨凌 712100; 4.西北农林科技大学 水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100)
Author(s):
LIU Sixuan1, GAO Jianen1,2,3, LI Wenzheng1, GAO Zhe4, ZHOU Fanfan1, WANG Zhaorun1, WANG Lu1
(1.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; 2.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; 3.Research Center on Soil & Water Conservation, Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; 4.College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China)
关键词:
黄土丘陵区;  边坡开挖;  土壤抗蚀性;  土壤团聚体;  土壤有机碳
Keywords:
loess hilly region;  slope excavation;  soil anti-erodibility;  soil macroaggregates;  soil organic carbon
分类号:
S157.2
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
针对黄土高原高质量发展过程中为扩展农业等经济用地,大量边坡开挖工程对坡面土壤抗蚀能力影响等问题,以延安市羊圈沟流域内开挖坡面为对象,未开挖坡面为对照,通过野外采样与室内分析,研究了开挖坡面土壤抗蚀能力时空变化特征。结果表明:(1)在开挖率为7%的坡面,土壤团聚体平均重量直径(MWD)和有机碳含量随坡位的降低,开挖坡面呈先增大后减小趋势,对照坡面为逐渐增大趋势; 其中开挖坡面MWD在坡下区、开挖区相较于坡中区分别降低6%～8%和58%～73%; 土壤有机碳含量在坡下区0—80 cm土层内显著降低8%～41%,开挖区0—40 cm内显著降低10%～39%;(2)土壤可蚀性KS值随坡位的降低,开挖坡面呈先减小后增大趋势,对照坡面为逐渐减小趋势,坡下区和开挖区相较于坡中区分别增大4.8%～5.0%,65.0%～109.7%;(3)坡面土壤可蚀性KS值随开挖率的增大而增大,与有机碳含量相关性随开挖率增加而降低,开挖率为7%的坡面,坡下区土壤抗蚀能力年变化呈显著降低趋势。因此开挖坡面在后期边坡防护过程中不仅应加强开挖区稳定性的防护,还应注重坡面开挖区上部各坡位土壤侵蚀风险的降低。研究结果为边坡开挖工程设计及安全防护提供了科学指导和理论支撑。
Abstract:
In order to expand agricultural and other economic land in the process of high-quality development of the Loess Plateau, a large number of slope excavation works affect the erosion resistance of soil on the slope, the excavated slope surface in the Yangjuangou watershed in Yan'an City was used as the object, and the unexcavated slope surface was used as a control, changes in time and space characteristics of soil erosion resistance of excavated slope were examined by field sampling and indoor sample measures. The results show that:(1)on the slope with excavation rate of 7%, as the slope position declines, the average weight diameter(MWD)of the soil aggregates and the organic carbon content of the excavated slope first increase and then decrease, and show the gradual increase trend on the control slope; the MWDs of the excavation slope in the downslope area and the excavation area reduceby 6%～8% and 58%～73%, respectively, compared with that in the middle slope area; the content of soil organic carbon significantly reduces by 8%～41% in the 0—80 cm soil layer in the downslope area, and by 10%～39% in 0—40 cm layer in the excavation area, respectively;(2)the KS value of soil erodibility decreases with the slope position, first decreases and then increases on the excavated slope, and gradually decreases on the control slope; compared with the middle slope area, the KS values of the downslope area and the excavation area increases by 4.8%～5% and 65%～109.7%, respectively;(3)the KS value of slope soil erodibility increases with the increase of the excavation rate, and the correlation of KS value with the organic carbon content decreases with the increase of the excavation rate; on the slope with an excavation rate of 7%, the annual change of the soil erosion resistance of the downslope area shows the significant decreasing trend. Therefore, in the later slope protection process of the excavated slope, not only should the protection of the stability of the excavation area be strengthened, but also attention to the reduction of soil erosion risk at the upper slope of the excavation area should be paid. These research results can provide scientific guidance and theoretical support for slope excavation engineering design and safety protection.

参考文献/References:

[1] 刘彦随,李裕瑞.黄土丘陵沟壑区沟道土地整治工程原理与设计技术[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(10):9-17.
[2] Li Peiyue, Qian Hui, Wu Jianhua. Environment:Accelerate research on land creation[J]. Nature, 2014,510(7503):29-31.
[3] Liu Y, Li Y. Environment:China, s land creation project stands firm[J]. Nature, 2014,511(7510):410-410.
[4] 贺春雄.延安治沟造地工程水毁成因及对策[J].陕西水利,2014(1):178-179.
[5] 陈怡平,骆世明,李凤民,等.对延安黄土沟壑区农业可持续发展的建议[J].地球环境学报,2015,6(5):265-269.
[6] Jin Zhao. The creation of farmland by gully filling on the Loess Plateau: a double-edged sword[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2014,48(2):883-884.
[7] Li X, Gao J, Guo Z, et al. A Study of Rainfall-Runoff Movement Process on High and Steep Slopes Affected by Double Turbulence Sources. [J]. Scientific Report, 2020,10(1):1-13.
[8] 汪勇,刘瑾,张建忙.黄土边坡降雨入渗规律及其对稳定性的影响[J].中国煤炭地质,2017,29(1):48-52.
[9] 王壮壮,黄强兵,刘悦,徐等.吕梁地区不同地层结构黄土边坡坡下开挖效应[J].科学技术与工程,2020,20(7):2590-2597.
[10] 陈航,张慧莉,田堪良,等.紫穗槐根系对黄土边坡加固作用的试验研究[J].人民黄河,2017,39(10):84-88.
[11] 薛强,张茂省,毕俊擘,等.开挖型黄土边坡剥落侵蚀作用及变形破坏研究[J].西北地质,2019,52(2):158-166.
[12] Cerdà A. Soil aggregate stability under different Mediterranean vegetation types[J]. Catena, 1998,32(2):73-86.
[13] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[14] van Bavel C H M. Mean weight-diameter of soil aggregates as a statistical index of aggregation1[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1950,14(C):20-23.
[15] Shirazi M A, Hart J W, Boersma L. A Unifying quantitative analysis of soil texture:improvement of precision and extension of scale[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1988,52(1):181-190.
[16] 王秀颖,高晓飞,刘和平,等.土壤水稳性大团聚体测定方法综述[J].中国水土保持科学,2011,9(3):106-113.
[17] 钱婧,张丽萍,王文艳.红壤坡面土壤团聚体特性与侵蚀泥沙的相关性[J].生态学报,2018,38(5):1590-1599.
[18] 赵金花,张丛志,张佳宝.农田生态系统中土壤有机碳与团聚体相互作用机制的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(35):152-157.
[19] 夏彬,朱世硕,郝旺林,等.黄土丘陵区土壤有机碳含量对侵蚀坡面表层土壤含水量时空变化的影响[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(3):175-181.
[20] 胡伟,邵明安,王全九.黄土高原退耕坡地土壤水分空间变异性研究[J].水科学进展,2006,17(1):74-81.
[21] 魏慧,赵文武.土壤可蚀性K值最优估算方法遴选:以陕北安塞集水区为例[J].中国水土保持科学,2017,15(6):52-65.
[22] 张科利,彭文英,杨红丽.中国土壤可蚀性值及其估算[J].土壤学报,2007(1):7-13.
[23] 苏正安,李艳,熊东红,等.龙门山地震带坡耕地土壤侵蚀对有机碳迁移的影响[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(3):118-124.
[24] 周莉,李保国,周广胜.土壤有机碳的主导影响因子及其研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(1):99-105.
[25] Tisdall J M, Oades J M. Organic matter and water-stable aggregates in soils[J]. European Journal of Soil Science, 1982,33(2):141-163.
[26] 彭新华,张斌,赵其国.红壤侵蚀裸地植被恢复及土壤有机碳对团聚体稳定性的影响[J].生态学报,2003,23(10):2176-2183.
[27] Caron J, Espindola C R, Angers D A. Soil structural stability during rapid wetting: influence of land use on some aggregate properties[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1996,60(3):901-908.
[28] Capriel P, Beck T, Borchert H, et al. Relationship between soil aliphatic fraction extracted with supercritical hexane, soil microbial biomass, and soil aggregate stability[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1990,54(2):415-415.
[29] Tisdall J M, Smith S E, Rengasamy P. Aggregation of soil by fungal hyphae[J]. Soil Research,1997,35(1):55-60.
[30] 彭新华,张斌,赵其国.土壤有机碳库与土壤结构稳定性关系的研究进展[J].土壤学报,2004,41(4):618-623.

相似文献/References:

[1]许浩,蒋齐,潘占兵,等.黄土丘陵区降雨、土壤水分和苗木成活率的关系[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):202.
　XU Hao,JIANG Qi,PAN Zhan-bing,et al.Relationship of Rainfall, Soil Moisture and Seedling Survival Rate in Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(02):202.
[2]赵发珠,韩新辉,杨改河,等.黄土丘陵区不同退耕还林地土壤有机碳、氮密度变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):43.
　ZHAO Fa-zhu,HAN Xin-hui,YANG Gai-he,et al.Change Characteristics of Density of Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen under Land Shifted into Forestland in Hilly Loess Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(02):43.
[3]陈宇,焦菊英,王宁,等.黄土丘陵区撂荒地不同侵蚀带土壤种子库特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):1.
　CHEN Yu,JIAO Ju-ying,WANG Ning,et al.Characteristics of Soil Seed Banks under Different Erosion Zones on Abandoned Land in the Hilly-gullied Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(02):1.
[4]邹厚远,关秀琦,鲁子瑜,等.黄土丘陵区造林技术研究[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(03):48.
　Zou Houyuan,Guan Xiuqi,Lu Ziyu,et al.The Research Report on Foresting Technique in the Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(02):48.
[5]关秀琦,邹厚远,鲁子瑜,等.黄土高原草地生产持续发展研究──Ⅰ．沙打旺人工草地衰退后的草种更替[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(03):56.
　Guan Xiuqi,Zou Houyuan,Lu Ziyu,et al.Study on the Sustainable Development of the Grassland Production in Loess Plateau──Ⅰ. Grass Varieties Alternation in the Declined Artifical Grassland of Astragalus adsurgens[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(02):56.
[6]关秀琦,邹厚远,鲁子瑜,等.黄土高原草地持续发展研究──Ⅲ．补播柠条和兴安胡枝子建立永久放牧草地试验[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(03):65.
　Guan Xiuqi,Zou Houyuan,Lu Ziyu,et al.Study on the Sustainable Development of the Grassland Production in Loess Plateau──Ⅲ. The Experiment of Builiding Permanent Grassland for herding by reseeding Caragana korshinskii and Lespedeza daharica[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(02):65.
[7]程积民.宁南黄土丘陵区立体型高产半人工草地研究[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(01):38.
　Cheng Jimin.A Study on Establishing Stereo Style’s Semi-artificial Pasture with High Yeild in Southern Ningxia Loess Hilly Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(02):38.
[8]程积民.宁南黄土丘陵区灌木林生产力的研究[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(01):129.
　Cheng Jimin.Study on Productivity of Shrubberies in Loess Hilly Region of South Ningxia[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(02):129.
[9]侯喜禄,白岗栓,曹清玉.黄土丘陵区湾塌地乔灌林土壤水分动态监测[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(02):57.
　Hou Xilu,Bai Gangshuan,Cao Qingyu.Dynamic Observation of Soil Moisture on Arbor and Shrubbery in Sinking Lands in Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(02):57.
[10]安兴东,梁银丽,Kazuyoshi Takeda.宁南黄土丘陵区国外麦类的引种[J].水土保持研究,1998,5(01):76.
　An Xingdong,Liang Yinli,Kazuyoshi Takeda.Foreign Triticeae Introduction in the Loess Hilly Area of Southern Ningxia[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1998,5(02):76.

备注/Memo

收稿日期:2021-03-31 修回日期:2021-06-04
资助项目:国家重点研发计划项目“黄土丘陵沟壑区边坡工程—沟道整治生态安全调控技术”(2017YFC0504703); 国家自然科学基金项目(41877078,41371276); 陕西省自然科学基金重大基础项目(2016ZDJC-20); 陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划重大项目课题(2013KTDZ03-03-01); 中国科学院创新工程计划“水土保持工程关键技术研发与集成示范”(A315021615)
第一作者:刘思璇(1997—),女,甘肃白银人,硕士研究生,主要从事水土保持工程研究。E-mail:17863806592@163.com
通信作者:高建恩(1962—),男,山西运城人,博士,研究员,主要从事水土保持工程研究。E-mail:gaojianen@126.com

更新日期/Last Update: 2022-04-20