ZHANG Haiou,CAO Tingting,YANG Chenxi.Analysis of Soil Particle Size Change and Corn Yield Sustainability in Soft Rock and Sand Compound Soil[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(01):275-280.
砒砂岩与沙复配土壤组成变化及玉米产量可持续性分析
- Title:
- Analysis of Soil Particle Size Change and Corn Yield Sustainability in Soft Rock and Sand Compound Soil
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2022)01-0275-06
- Keywords:
- compound soil; silt; clay; migration law; yield sustainability
- 分类号:
- S152.3+2; S518.4
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 砒砂岩与沙复配成土技术在毛乌素沙地土地整治中已广泛应用,然而,探索适合当地主要粮食作物高产稳产的砒砂岩与风沙土的适宜混合比例,提高复配土壤的农业适应性有待进一步研究。利用2010—2018年田间定位试验数据,分析玉米种植模式下不同比例复配土壤粉粒和黏粒含量及空间迁移规律,探索玉米产量可持续性及稳定性。结果表明:(1)随着试验的开展,0—30 cm土层中不同比例复配土壤粉粒、黏粒含量均向下层土体运移,运移速率为1:5>1:1>1:2,下层土壤中的粉粒和黏粒含量增加,使得土体剖面耕层增加至30—40 cm土层厚度。(2)玉米产量在1:1,1:2,1:5复配土壤上差异较大,与2010年相比较,到2018年产量分别提高了43.9%,105.9%,58.5%,并且1:2复配土壤上玉米多年平均产量超过了15 000 kg/hm2,与当地高产田产量持平。(3)1:2复配土壤对玉米增产的效果最优,SYI值最大,CV值最小,即产量稳定性和可持续性最好。因此,确定1:2复配比例最适合玉米生长,其朝着有利于玉米生长发育并获得高产的方向发展。
- Abstract:
- The technology of soft rock and sand compound soil has been widely used in the land remediation of Mu Us sandy land. However, exploring the suitable mixing ratio of soft rock and aeolian sandy soil that is suitable for the high and stable yield of the main local economic crops, and improving the agricultural adaptability of the compound soil needs further research. We used the field positioning test data from 2010 to 2018 to analyze the silt and clay contents and spatial migration rules of the compound soil at different proportions under the corn planting mode, and explore the sustainability and stability of corn yield. The results showed that:(1)with the development of the test, silt and clay of the compound soil in the 0—30 cm soil layer migrated to the lower soil, and the migration rate decreased in the order: 1:5>1:1> 1:2; the silt and clay contents in the lower soil layer increased, making the plough layer of the soil profile increase to the thickness of 30—40 cm;(2)corn yields were significantly different in 1:1, 1:2 and 1:5 compound soils; compared with the yields in 2010, the annual yields of corn increased by 43.9%, 105.9% and 58.5%, respectively, in 2018; moreover, the annual average yield of corn in 1:2 compound soil exceeded 15 000 kg/hm2 for many years, which was equal to the yield of local high-yield fields;(3)the 1:2 compound soil had the best effect on increasing corn yield, with the maximum SYI value and the minimum CV value, the yield stability and sustainability were the best. Therefore, the 1:2 compound ratio was determined to be the most suitable for corn growth, which was in favor of corn growth and development and obtaining high yield.
参考文献/References:
[1] Han J C, Xie J C, Zhang Y. Potential role of feldspathic sandstone as a natural water retaining agent in Mu Us Sandy Land, northwest China[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2012,22(5):550-555.[2] 张露,韩霁昌,马增辉,等.砒砂岩与沙复配“土壤”的质地性状[J].西北农业学报,2014,2014,23(4):166-172.[3] 柴苗苗,韩霁昌,罗林涛,等.砒砂岩与沙混合比例及作物种植季数对复配土壤性质和作物产量的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报,2013,41(10):179-184,192.[4] 罗林涛,程杰,王欢元,等.玉米种植模式下砒砂岩与沙复配土氮素淋失特征[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(4):58-66.[5] 李娟,韩霁昌,李晓明.砒砂岩与沙复配成土对小麦光合生理和产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2014,34(2):203-209.[6] 魏彬萌,王益权,李忠徽.烟杆生物炭对砒砂岩与沙复配土壤理化性状及玉米生长的影响[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(2):219-222.[7] 张雅蓉,李渝,刘彦伶,等.长期施肥对黄壤有机碳平衡及玉米产量的影响[J].土壤学报,2016,53(5):179-189.[8] Manna M C, Swarup A, Wanjari R H, et al. Long-term effect of fertilizer and manure application on soil organic carbon storage, soil quality and yield sustainability under sub-humid and semi-arid tropical India[J]. Field Crops Research, 2005,93(2/3):264-280.[9] 李忠芳,唐政,李继光,等.长期施肥对辽西褐土区土壤有机碳含量和玉米产量的影响[J].土壤与作物,2013,2(4):150-156.[10] Ghanbarian B, Daigle H. Fractal dimension of soil fragment mass-size distribution:A critical analysis[J]. Geoderma, 2015,245:98-103.[11] Meysam M, Mahmoud S, Mohammad H M, et al. Characterizing spatial variability of soil textural fractions and fractal parameters derived from particle size distributions[J]. Pedosphere, 2019,29(2):224-234.[12] 徐明岗,梁国庆,张夫道,等.中国土壤肥力演变[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2006.[13] 左小安,赵学勇,赵哈林.沙地退化植被恢复过程中灌木发育对草本植物和土壤的影响[J].生态环境学报,2009,18(2):643-647.[14] 高亚军.陕北农牧交错带土地荒漠化演化机制及土壤质量评价研究[D].陕西省杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2003.[15] 刘勇.黄土高原植被演替过程中植被与土壤养分、水分关系研究进展[J].吉林农业科学,2010,35(5):25-27.[16] 苏志珠,刘蓉,梁爱民,等.晋西北沙化土地土壤机械组成与有机质的初步研究[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(6):61-67.[17] Abbas A, Mohammad-Reza N, Hassan R, et al. Fractal dimension of soil aggregates as an index of soil erodibility[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2011,400(3):305-311.[18] 华瑞,徐学选,张少妮,等.不同退耕年限林草地土壤颗粒分形特征研究[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(4):206-209.[19] 李忠芳,徐明岗,张会民,等.长期施肥和不同生态条件下我国作物产量可持续性特征[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(5):1264-1269.[20] 罗倩,张珍明,向准,等.不同种植年限鸟王茶产地土壤物理性质及生长特征[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(12):2746-2750.[21] 刘彦伶,李渝,张雅蓉,等.长期氮磷钾肥配施对贵州黄壤玉米产量和土壤养分可持续性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(11):3581-3588.[22] 张卫华,韩霁昌,王欢元,等.砒砂岩对毛乌素沙地风成沙的改良应用研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(10):122-127.[23] Sun Z H, Han J C. Effect of soft rock amendment on soil hydraulic parameters and crop performance in Mu Us Sandy Land, China[J]. Field Crops Research, 2018,222:85-93.[24] Dorraji S S, Golchin A, Ahmadi S. The effects of hydrophilic polymer and soil salinity on corn growth in sandy and loamy soils[J]. Clean-Soil Air Water, 2015,38(7):584-591.
相似文献/References:
[1]张海欧,郭 振,徐 艳,等.砒砂岩与沙复配土壤质地与有机质动态变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2021,28(02):93.
ZHANG Haiou,GUO Zhen,XU Yan,et al.Dynamic Change Characteristics of Texture and Organic Matter Content of Soft Rock and Sand Compound Soil in Mu Us Sandy Land[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2021,28(01):93.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2020-12-09 修回日期:2020-01-19资助项目:陕西省土地整治重点实验室开放基金“基于土地整治工程新增耕地的土壤有机碳稳定性研究”(2019-JC07)第一作者:张海欧(1985—),女,陕西西安人,博士研究生,主要从事土地整理复垦和土地工程的研究。E-mail:244254409@qq.com