[1]江 雯,汪军红,孙 鹏,等.大别山区不同降雨和植被条件下梯地产流产沙特征[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(01):28-35+43.
　JIANG Wen,WANG Junhong,SUN Peng,et al.Study on Runoff and Sediment Characteristics of Terrace Land Under Different Rainfall and Vegetation Conditions in Dabie Mountain[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(01):28-35+43.
点击复制

大别山区不同降雨和植被条件下梯地产流产沙特征

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 29 期数: 2022年01期 页码: 28-35+43 栏目: 出版日期: 2022-02-20
Title:
Study on Runoff and Sediment Characteristics of Terrace Land Under Different Rainfall and Vegetation Conditions in Dabie Mountain
文章编号:
1005-3409(2022)01-0028-08
作者:
江 雯1, 汪军红2, 孙 鹏1,3, 汪 文2, 乔欣瑞1, 简宁杰1, 韩乐薇1
(1.安徽师范大学 地理与旅游学院, 安徽 芜湖 241002; 2.霍山县水土保持试验站, 安徽 霍山 237266; 3.北京师范大学 环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室, 北京 100875)
Author(s):
JIANG Wen1, WANG Junhong2, SUN Peng1,3, WANG Wen2, QIAO Xinrui1, JIAN Ningjie1, HAN Lewei1
(1.School of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu,Anhui 241002,China; 2.Huoshan Soil and Water Conservation Experimental Station, Huoshan,Anhui 237266,China; 3.Key Laboratory of Environmental Evolution and Natural Disasters, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875,China)
关键词:
产流产沙;  植被类型;  降雨等级;  生长期;  大别山区
Keywords:
runoff and sediment yield;  vegetation types;  rainfall level;  growth period;  Dabie Mountain Region
分类号:
S157.1
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
大别山区是国家水土保持重点建设工程的主要区域之一,为探究不同时间尺度下不同降雨等级和植被类型对产流产沙影响,基于霍山县水土保持试验站2011—2018年的试验小区自然降雨及产流产沙量观测数据进行了定量分析。结果表明:(1)在次降雨事件的时间序列分析中,2011—2018年次降雨存在雨量更大、雨势更急的趋势,茶叶相对于黄豆等其他植被,具有显著的保沙能力,且其减沙效益高于减流效益,8年的黄豆种植使得土壤侵蚀愈发严重。(2)在99%的置信水平下,黄豆的产沙风险是茶叶的21.29倍。(3)随着降雨等级提升,产沙风险也逐步提升,其中暴雨和大暴雨产沙风险较其他降雨等级显著提升。(4)茶叶出现产沙与瞬时雨强相关,雨强对产沙的重要性高于雨量,黄豆多由产流而导致产沙,雨量对产沙的重要性高于雨强,各因子对茶叶的评价平均精度高于黄豆。(5)黄豆处于三叶期—开花期和结荚期—成熟期时具有较好的保水保沙效益,而三叶期—开花期产流产沙峰值主要由于高水平的雨量雨强导致。研究结果较好地显示了茶叶和黄豆在不同降雨及生长状态下的产流产沙特征及影响因素,可为大别山地区以减少水土流失为目的的植被种植与管护提供科学依据。
Abstract:
Dabie Mountain area is one of regions of the national soil and water conservation key construction projects. In order to explore the effects of different rainfall grades and vegetation types on runoff and sediment yield under different time scales, a quantitative analysis was carried out based on the observed data of natural rainfall, runoff and sediment yield from 2011 to 2018 in Huoshan Soil and Water Conservation Experimental Station. The results are as follows.(1)In the time series analysis of the rainfall events, the rainfall in 2011—2018 had a trend of heavier rainfall and more rapid rainfall. Compared with other vegetation such as soybeans, tea trees had significant sediment retention capabilities. Moreover, the benefits of sediment reduction were higher than the benefits of runoff reduction. Eight years of soybean planting had made soil erosion worse.(2)At the 99% confidence level, the sediment production risk of soybeans was 21.29 times that of tea plants.(3)As the rainfall level increased, the risk of sediment production gradually increased. Among them, the risk of torrential rain and heavy downpour has increased significantly compared with other rainfall levels.(4)The occurrence of sediment production in tea plants was related to the instantaneous rainfall intensity, and the rain intensity was more important for sediment generation than the amount of rainfall. Sediment generation was mostly caused by runoff in soybean fileds, and the amount of rainfall was more important for sediment than rainfall intensity. The average accuracy of tea plant evaluation was higher than that of soybean.(5)Soybeans had better water and sediment retention benefits when they were in the phases of three-leaf period-flowering period and pod-bearing period-maturity period, while the peak of runoff and sediment yield during the three-leaf period-flowering period was mainly caused by heavy rainfall. These results show the characteristics and influencing factors of runoff and sediment production of tea and soybeans under different rainfall levels and growth conditions, and can provide a scientific basis for vegetation planting and protection in Ta-pieh mountain area for the purpose of reducing soil and water losses.

参考文献/References:

[1] 孙从建,侯慧新,陈伟,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区典型农作物产流产沙效应研究[J].水土保持研究,2020,27(2):99-103,111.
[2] 李小辉,贾本有,范子武,等.典型植被对水土流失影响的小区试验研究[J].水利水电技术,2019,50(2):95-100.
[3] 常松果,胡雪琴,史东梅,等.不同土壤管理措施下坡耕地产流产沙和氮磷流失特征[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(5):34-40.
[4] 刘晶晶.集中连片特困区生态环境脆弱性评价研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2019.
[5] 邢伟,胡续礼,张荣华,等.淮河流域国家水土保持重点工程土壤侵蚀防控效果[J].中国水土保持科学,2016,14(2):137-146.
[6] 王甡生.大别山区水土保持现状及对策[J].河南科技,2018,648(15):154-155.
[7] 吴光艳,金平伟,钟雄,等.南方红壤区植被盖度对水土流失影响初探[J].亚热带水土保持,2016,28(4):1-4.
[8] Sun D, Zhang W, Lin Y, et al. Soil erosion and water retention varies with plantation type and age[J]. Forest Ecology & Management, 2018,422:1-10.
[9] 王忠禹,刘国彬,王兵,等.黄土丘陵区典型植物枯落物凋落动态及其持水性[J].生态学报,2019,39(7):2416-2425.
[10] Vaezi A R, Ahmadi M, Cerdà A. Contribution of raindrop impact to the change of soil physical properties and water erosion under semi-arid rainfalls[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017,583:382-392.
[11] Zhou Z C, Shangguan Z P. Effect of ryegrasses on soil runoff and sediment control[J]. Pedosphere, 2008,18(1):131-136.
[12] 白雪莲,郑海颖,王理想,等.砒砂岩黄土区植被盖度对土壤侵蚀的影响[J].生态学报,2020,40(11):3776-3784.
[13] Anache J A A, Flanagan D C, Srivastava A, et al. Land use and climate change impacts on runoff and soil erosion at the hillslope scale in the Brazilian Cerrado[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018,622:140-151.
[14] 周梦玲,郭建斌,周金星,等.丹江口库区喀斯特坡地不同植被覆盖类型的产流产沙特征[J].中国水土保持科学,2020,18(2):77-83.
[15] 王志印,曹建生.中国北方土石山区植被恢复及其生态效应研究进展[J].中国生态农业学报:中英文,2019,27(9):1319-1331.
[16] 陈洋,张海东,于东升,等.南方红壤区植被结构类型与降雨模式对林下水土流失的影响[J].农业工程学报,2020,36(5):150-157.
[17] Ludwig J A, Wilcox B P, Breshears D D, et al. Vegetation patches and runoff-erosion as interacting ecohydrological processes in semiarid landscapes[J]. Ecology, 2005,86(2):288-297.
[18] 杜轶,郭青霞,郭汉清,等.汾河上游不同土地利用方式对坡地水土流失的影响[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(4):44-51.
[19] Peng X D, Dai Q H, Li C L, et al. Role of underground fissure flow in near-surface rainfall-runoff process on a rock mantled slope in the karst rocky desertification area[J]. Engineering Geology, 2018,243:10-17.
[20] Duan J, Yang J, Tang C, et al. Effects of rainfall patterns and land cover on the subsurface flow generation of sloping Ferralsols in southern China[J]. Plos One, 2017,12(8):e0182706.
[21] 黄萱.植被覆盖和降雨变化对流域水沙过程的影响机制[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2019.
[22] 李瑞,陈康,刘瑞禄,等.基于小流域尺度的黔北喀斯特地区产流产沙特征[J].农业工程学报,2019,35(11):139-147.
[23] 黄凯,李瑞,李勇,等.贵州省黔南区不同侵蚀性雨型条件下生物措施对坡面产流产沙的响应[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(6):14-21.
[24] 杜波,唐丽霞,潘佑静,等.喀斯特小流域坡面与流域降雨产流产沙特征[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(1):1-6.
[25] Zhao X N, Huang J, Wu P T, et al. The dynamic effects of pastures and crop on runoff and sediments reduction at loess slopes under simulated rainfall conditions[J]. Catena, 2014,119:1-7.
[26] 朱强,陈秀万,樊启祥,等.基于TRMM的降雨侵蚀力计算方法[J].中国科学:技术科学,2011,41(11):1483-1492.
[27] 付滟,郑江坤,任雨之,等.降雨与植被变化对川中丘陵区典型小流域侵蚀产沙的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2019,17(4):67-74.
[28] Huff F A. Time distribution of rainfall in heavy storms[J]. Water Resources Research, 1967,3(4):1007-1019.
[29] 孔锋,方建,吕丽莉,等.1961—2015年中国不同强度降雨的变化趋势和波动特征[J].热带地理,2017,37(4):473-483.
[30] 李宗勋,李启艳,侯晓龙,等.不同自然降雨等级下不同郁闭度马尾松林的水土流失特征[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(1):27-33,40.
[31] 孔锋,薛澜,郭君.气候工程对中国不同等级降雨结构的可能影响[J].长江流域资源与环境,2019,28(6):1397-1410.
[32] 陈永刚,丁丽霞,葛宏立,等.基于Mann-Whitney非参数检验和SVM的竹类高光谱识别[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2011,31(11):3010-3013.
[33] 牛全福,陆铭,李月锋,等.基于灰色关联与粗糙依赖度的甘肃兰州市区泥石流危险性评价[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2019,30(5):48-56.
[34] 王卫东,何卓磊,韩征,等.基于深度信念网络的滑坡敏感性评价[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2020,41(5):609-615.
[35] 张志沛,魏在豪.基于加权信息量模型的滑坡灾害易发性评价:以灞桥区为例[J].科学技术与工程,2020,20(9):3492-3500.
[36] Chen J, Xiao H, Li Z, et al. How effective are soil and water conservation measures(SWCMs)in reducing soil and water losses in the red soil hilly region of China?A meta-analysis of field plot data[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2020,735:139517.
[37] 王林华,马波,吴发启.黄土区不同生长期大豆坡耕地的入渗特征[J].中国水土保持科学,2015,13(4):15-24.
[38] 韩丹丹,穆兴民,高鹏,等.极端降水条件下大理河流域水沙特征对比分析[J].中国水土保持科学,2019,17(6):61-68.
[39] 陈妙金,汪小钦,吴思颖.基于随机森林算法的水土流失影响因子重要性分析[J].自然灾害学报,2019,28(4):209-219.
[40] 马波,由政,吴发启,等.种植大豆条件下土壤结皮对坡耕地径流和侵蚀产沙的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2015,13(3):16-23.
[41] 郭雒敏,李晓丽,王文,等.坡度对紫红色砒砂岩击溅侵蚀的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2019,17(1):1-9.
[42] Diyabalanage S, Samarakoon K K, Adikari S B, et al. Impact of soil and water conservation measures on soil erosion rate and sediment yields in a tropical watershed in the Central Highlands of Sri Lanka[J]. Applied Geography, 2017,79:103-114.
[43] 李铁,谌芸,何丙辉,等.天然降雨下川中丘陵区不同年限植物篱水土保持效用[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(3):27-35.
[44] 周蓓蓓,陈晓鹏,吕金榜,等.纳米碳对不同植被覆盖下黄土坡地降雨侵蚀的抑制效果[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(2):116-124.
[45] 孙金伟,张冠华,杨贺菲,等.坡耕地水土流失防治新材料W-OH固化剂对大豆和玉米生长特性的影响[J].长江科学院院报,2019,36(3):37-39,45.
[46] 任雨之,郑江坤,付滟,等.不同耕种模式下遂宁组紫色土坡耕地产流产沙特征[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(2):32-40.
[47] 姜浩.大豆干旱胁迫的水氮利用及不同水文年型的灌溉制度研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2019.
[48] 吴发启,范文波.土壤结皮对降雨入渗和产流产沙的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2005,3(2):97-101.
[49] 王计磊,吴发启.不同生长期大豆坡耕地土壤抗侵蚀能力特征[J].土壤学报,2016,53(6):1389-1398.
[50] 徐宁,吴发启,杨一凡,等.大豆调节坡耕地径流和泥沙作用研究[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(3):42-48.

相似文献/References:

[1]纪启芳,张兴奇,张科利,等.贵州省喀斯特地区坡面产流产沙特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):1.
　JI Qi-fang,ZHANG Xing-qi,ZHANG Ke-li,et al.Runoff and Sediment Characteristics of Slope Land in Karst Areas of Guizhou Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):1.
[2]赵鸿雁,吴钦孝.黄土高原天然山杨林地产流产沙研究[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(04):120.
　Zhao Hongyan,Wu Qinxiao.Study on Sediment and Yield Runoff of Nature Mountain Populus Woodland in Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(01):120.
[3]刘世海,胡春宏.官厅水库流域产流产沙变化规律及其影响因素研究[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(01):272.
　LIU Shi-hai,HU Chun-hong.Study on the Variation Property of the Runoff and Sediment Yield and Its Influence Factors of the Upper Reaches Watershed of Guanting Reservoir[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(01):272.
[4]马莹,许模,李虎.挑流泄洪雾化影响范围预测方法的研究介绍[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(02):324.
　MA Ying,XU Mo,LI Hu.The Forecast Methods for the Range of Atomized Flow Caused by the Jet Overflow[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(01):324.
[5]王海龙,秦富仓,余新晓,等.黄土区森林植被对不同尺度坡地产流产沙的影响分析[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(03):182.
　WANG Hai-long,QIN Fu-cang,YU Xin-xiao,et al.Effect of Forest Vegetation on Runoff and Sediment Production in Sloping Lands at Different Scales of Loess Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(01):182.
[6]唐小娟,郭雪莲.几种坡面径流调控措施的筛选试验研究[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(05):125.
　TANG Xiao-juan,GUO Xue-lian.Selection Experiment of Different Slope Runoff Adjustment Measures[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,15(01):125.
[7]王玉霞,刘国彬,王国梁,等.茵陈蒿群落分布格局对坡面产流产沙的影响[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(01):62.
　WANG Yu-xia,LIU Guo-bin,WANG Guo-liang,et al.Effect of Artemisia capillaries Distribution Patterns on Runoff and Sediment Production in Loess Hilly and Gully Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(01):62.
[8]孙飞达,王立,龙瑞军,等.黄土丘陵区不同降雨强度对农地土壤侵蚀的影响[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(02):16.
　SUN Fei-da,WANG Li,LONG Rui-jun,et al.Effects of Farmlands’ Soil Erosion Under Different Intensities of Rainfall in Loess Hilly Regions[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(01):16.
[9]杜波,唐丽霞,潘佑静,等.喀斯特小流域坡面与流域降雨产流产沙特征[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(01):1.
　DU Bo,TANG Lixia,PAN Youjing,et al.Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yields in the Karst Hillslope and Small Watershed[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(01):1.
[10]黄明逸,朱成立,韩以振,等.江苏省黄河故道沙土区植被措施因子试验分析[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(01):140.
　HUANG Mingyi,ZHU Chengli,HAN Yizhen,et al.Analysis of the Test of Vegetation Measure Factor in Sandy Area of Old Yellow River in Jiangsu Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(01):140.

备注/Memo

收稿日期:2020-12-22 修回日期:2021-01-27
资助项目:国家重点研发计划项目“不同温升情景下区域气象灾害风险评估”(2019YFA0606900); 安徽高校协同创新项目(GXXT2019047); 国家自然科学基金项目(41601023,41771536); 安徽省自然科学基金(1808085QD117)
第一作者:江雯(1999—),女,安徽黄山人,硕士研究生,主要从事水土流失研究方面工作。E-mail:344542889@qq.com
通信作者:孙鹏(1986—),男,山东青岛人,教授、博士生导师,主要从事于气象水文学和水土保持方面研究工作。E-mail:sun68peng@163.com

更新日期/Last Update: 2022-02-20