CAO Danni,DI Hanyue,GUO Zhonglu,et al.Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Soil Preferential Flow in Different Succession Gradients[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2021,28(02):99-107.
演替梯度下土壤优先流特征及影响因素
- Title:
- Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Soil Preferential Flow in Different Succession Gradients
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2021)02-0099-09
- Keywords:
- succession gradient; preferential flow; fundamentally physicochemical properties of soil; root length density
- 分类号:
- S152; S153; S157.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为揭示植被恢复过程中土壤优先流特征及变化规律,以胡家山小流域内植被恢复过程中5个典型阶段(荒地、草地、灌木、针叶林、乔—灌混合林)为研究对象,采用空间代替时间的方法,通过室内分析和染色示踪试验,分析了演替梯度下土壤优先流特征参数的变化规律,探讨了土壤基本理化性质和根长密度对土壤优先流和土壤水分运移的影响。结果表明:(1)随演替的进行,土壤中优先流数量和运移路径均呈增大趋势; 5种演替梯度下针叶林土壤染色面积比最大,其次是乔—灌混合林、灌木、草地,荒地的土壤染色面积比最小;(2)土壤容重、毛管孔隙度、土壤有机质含量与土壤染色面积比之间的相关性较强,砂粒含量、黏粒含量对土壤中优先流染色面积影响不显著;(3)不同径级根系对土壤优先流路径影响不同,5种演替梯度下,D≤0.5 mm的根长密度与土壤染色面积比之间相关性最显著,其次是0.5<D≤2 mm,2<D≤3 mm,3<D≤5 mm; D>5 mm的根长密度与土壤染色面积比之间相关性最不显著。说明土壤容重、毛管孔隙度、土壤有机质含量、D≤2 mm的根系主要影响土壤优先流的产生与发展。
- Abstract:
- In order to reveal the characteristics and changes of soil preferential flow in the process of vegetation restoration, five typical stages(wasteland, grasslands, shrubs, Platycladus orientalis forest, and mixed forest of arbor and shrubs)of vegetation restoration in Hujiashan Small Watershed were selected. By using the method with space instead of time, indoor analysis and field vegetation survey and dyeing tracer tests were conducted to analyze the variation patterns of soil preferential flow characteristics under different succession degrees, and the effects of soil properties and root diameters on preferential flow and water transport were discussed. The results showed that:(1)with the succession progresses, the number of soil preferential flow and the migration path increased; the soil preferential flow zones were different in the five succession gradients; the soil staining area ratio of Platycladus orientalis forest was the largest, followed by the mixed forest of arbor and shrubs, shrubs, grasslands, and the wasteland was the smallest;(2)soil bulk density, capillary porosity, soil organic matter content, and soil staining area ratio had the significant correlation, while sand content and clay content had no significant effect on preferential flow staining area in soil;(3)different diameter roots had different effects on soil preferential flow paths; the correlation between the root length density of root diameter(D)D≤0.5 mm and the soil staining area ratio was the most significant, followed by 0.5<D≤2 mm, 2<D≤3 mm, 3<D≤5 mm, the root length density of D>5 mm and soil staining area ratio was the least significant, indicating that soil bulk density, capillary porosity, soil organic matter content, and the root length density of root diameter(D)D≤2 mm mainly affected the generation and development of soil preferential flow.
参考文献/References:
[1] Hardie M A, Cotching W E, Doyle R B, et al. Effect of antecedent soil moisture on preferential flow in a texture-contrast soil[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2011,398(3):191-201.
[2] 张中彬,彭新华.土壤裂隙及其优先流研究进展[J].土壤学报,2015,52(3):477-488.
[3] 张英虎,牛健植,朱蔚利,等.森林生态系统林木根系对优先流的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(6):147-156.
[4] Jarvis N J. A review of non-equilibrium water flow and solute transport in soil macropores: Principles, controlling factors and consequences for water quality[J]. European Journal of Soil Science, 2007,58(3):523-546.
[5] Sukhija B S, Reddy D V, Nagabhushanam P, et al. Recharge processes:piston flow vs preferential flow in semi-arid aquifers of India[J]. Hydrogeology Journal, 2003,11(3):387-395.
[6] 曹丹妮.演替梯度下植物群落特征及对土壤抗侵蚀性能影响[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2019.
[7] 徐宗恒,徐则民,官琦,等.不同植被发育斜坡土体优先流特征[J].山地学报,2012,30(5):11-17.
[8] Jost G, Schume H, Hager H, et al. A hillslope scale comparison of tree species influence on soil moisture dynamics and runoff processes during intense rainfall[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2012,420:112-124.
[9] 刘目兴,聂艳,于婧.不同初始含水率下粘质土壤的入渗过程[J].生态学报,2011,32(3):871-878.
[10] Clark E V, Zipper C E. Vegetation influences near-surface hydrological characteristics on a surface coal mine in eastern USA[J]. Catena, 2016,139:241-249.
[11] Jiang X J, Liu S, Zhang H. Effects of different management practices on vertical soil water flow patterns in the Loess Plateau[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2017,166:33-42.
[12] 陈晓冰,张洪江,李世友,等.田香姣紫色砂岩区不同植被类型土壤优先流特征及其影响因素[J].中国水土保持科学,2014,12(6):42-49.
[13] 吕文星.三峡库区3种土地利用方式优先流特征及其对硝态氮运移的影响[D].北京:北京林业大学,2013.
[14] 赵其国.土壤理化分析[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1978.
[15] 王秋玲,施凡欣,刘志鹏,等.土壤斥水性影响土壤水分运动研究进展[J].农业工程学报,2017,327(24):104-111.
[16] Zhang X Q. Fine-root biomass, production and turnover of trees in relations to environmental conditions[J]. Forest Research, 2001,14(5):566-573.
[17] 魏虎伟,程金花,杜士才,等.利用染色示踪法研究四面山两种林地优先路径分布特征[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(2):193-197.
[18] 戴翠婷,刘窑军,王天巍,等.三峡库区高砾石含量紫色土优先流形态特征[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(1):103-108.
[19] 席海洋,冯起,程玉菲,等.额济纳绿洲土壤入渗特征与土壤状况的关系研究[J].冰川冻土,2008,30(6):976-982.
[20] 郑欣,程金花,张洪江,等.北京地区2种类型土壤优先流染色形态特征及其影响因素[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(3):113-119.
[21] 孙龙,张洪江,程金花,等.柑橘林地优先路径分布及其影响因素[J].东北林业大学学报,2013,41(2):65-69.
[22] 王赵男,辛颖,赵雨森.长白山系榛子灌木林根系对优先流的影响[J].林业科学研究,2017,30(6):887-894.
相似文献/References:
[1]任泽莹,赵勇钢,吕银彦,等.汾河流域下游不同土地利用方式下优先流区与基质流区土壤团聚体稳定性分析[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(06):59.
REN Zeying,ZHAO Yonggang,Lv Yinyan,et al.Analysis on Soil Aggregate Stability of Preferential Flow and Matrix Flow Domains Under Different Land Use Types in the Lower Reaches of Fen River Watershed[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(02):59.
[2]史德威,程金花,李明峰.永定河平原南部典型植被土壤优先流特征及其归因[J].水土保持研究,2024,31(01):232.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.01.025]
Shi Dewei,Cheng Jinhua,Li Mingfeng.Characteristics and Attribution of Soil Preferential Flow of Typical Vegetation in the South of Yongding River Plain[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,31(02):232.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.01.025]
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2020-03-25 修回日期:2020-06-04
资助项目:国家自然科学基金“侵蚀环境下植物群落根系对坡面水蚀过程的影响及机制”(41671273)
第一作者:曹丹妮(1995—),女,山西运城人,硕士,研究方向为水土保持与植被恢复。E-mail:18235445268@163.com
通信作者:马美景(1989—),男,山西晋城人,工程师,硕士,研究方向为水土保持。E-mail:873834449@qq.com