[1]巨莉,李富程.旋耕机耕作对紫色土碳氮垂直分布过程的影响[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(05):7-13.
　JU Li,LI Fucheng.Effects of Rotary Tillage on Vertical Distribution Patterns of SOC and Total Nitrogen in Purple Soil[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(05):7-13.
点击复制

旋耕机耕作对紫色土碳氮垂直分布过程的影响

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 26 期数: 2019年05期 页码: 7-13 栏目: 出版日期: 2019-09-06
Title:
Effects of Rotary Tillage on Vertical Distribution Patterns of SOC and Total Nitrogen in Purple Soil
作者:
巨莉1, 李富程2
1. 四川省水利科学研究院, 成都 610072;
2. 西南科技大学 环境与资源学院, 四川 绵阳 621010
Author(s):
JU Li1, LI Fucheng2
1. Sichuan Academy of Water Conservancy, Chengdu 610072, China;
2. School of Environment and Resource, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
关键词:
土壤; 耕作侵蚀; 磁性示踪; 耕作位移; 耕作方向; 有机碳
Keywords:
soil; tillage erosion; magnetic tracer; tillage translocation; tillage direction; soil organic carbon
分类号:
S157.1;S153.6
摘要:
利用在土壤表面人为添加钛铁矿粉以示踪表层土壤垂直和顺坡再分配过程，通过对比耕作前与模拟耕作20次、40次土壤有机碳和全氮垂直分布特征，研究紫色土旋耕机等高耕作所产生的土壤顺坡和垂直搬运耦合作用对有机碳、全氮垂直分布过程的影响机制。结果显示：强烈耕作后坡顶侵蚀深度超过原土壤剖面厚度，但土壤剖面厚度依然与耕作深度相当，这是由于耕作对坡顶土壤起着顺坡搬运（耕作侵蚀）和垂直搬运（破碎母岩）的双重作用。磁性示踪剂的深度分布显示出耕作引起表层土壤垂直向下迁移，但不同坡位垂直分布机制不同。坡顶土壤有机碳和全氮浓度明显减小，这是由于强烈的耕作侵蚀向下坡搬运耕层土壤，同时耕作垂直搬运引起母岩碎屑向耕层混入产生稀释作用；坡趾表层0—5 cm土壤有机碳和全氮浓度减小，但是5—20 cm明显增加，表明耕作侵蚀引起来自上坡的低浓度土壤在坡趾堆积。这些结果表明旋耕机等高耕作下土壤同时发生顺坡传输与垂直迁移，两者相互作用导致耕作侵蚀区和耕作沉积区呈现出明显不同的有机碳、全氮垂直分布模式。
Abstract:
The ilmenite powder was artificially added to the soil surface to trace the vertical and downslope redistribution process of surface soil. By comparing the vertical distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen before tillage, the coupling effects of vertical and lateral transfers of soil by rotary tillage on vertical distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in purple soil are revealed after 20 and 40 simulated tillage operations. The erosion depth exceeds the original soil layer thickness at the summit of the slope, but the soil layer thickness is still the same as the tillage depth after intensive tillage due to the dual roles of tillage:translocation of soil along the slope and vertical transfer of soil or rock fragments. The depth distribution of soil magnetic susceptibility shows that tillage causes the vertical downward movement of the soil. The intensive tillage leads to the vertically downward transfer of SOC, but vertical redistribution patterns differ from one another at different slope positions. Due to upward migration of rock fragments and downslope transport of soil, SOC concentrations reduce significantly at the summit positions of the slope. SOC in the surface layer (0-5 cm) decreases at the toeslope position, but it increases significantly in 5-20 cm layer, because intensive tillage translocates the soil with low concentrations of SOC and TN derived from upper position of slope. These results suggest that the soil vertical movement interacting with the downslope movement under contour tillage by rotary cultivator results in significant different vertical distribution patterns of SOC and TN in the tillage erosion area and tillage deposition area.

参考文献/References:

[1] Zhang J, Quine T A, Ni S, et al. Stocks and dynamics of SOC in relation to soil redistribution by water and tillage erosion[J]. Global Change Biology, 2006,12:1834-1841.
[2] Zhang J H, Lobb D A, Li Y, et al. Assessment of tillage translocation and tillage erosion by hoeing on the steep land in hilly areas of Sichuan, China[J]. Soil & Tillage Research, 2004,75:99-107.
[3] Zhang J H, Frielinghaus M, Tian G., et al. Ridge and contour tillage effects on soil erosion from steep hillslope in the Sichuan Basin, China[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2004,59(6):277-284.
[4] Zhang J H, Su Z A, Nie X J. An investigation of soil translocation and erosion by conservation hoeing tillage on steep lands using a magnetic tracer[J]. Soil & Tillage Research, 2009,105:177-183.
[5] Ni S J, Zhang J H. Variation of chemical properties as affected by soil erosion on hillslopes and terraces[J]. European Journal of Soil Science, 2010,58(6):1285-1292.
[6] Su Z A, Zhang J H, Nie X J. Effect of soil erosion on soil properties and crop yields on slopes in the Sichuan Basin, China[J]. Pedosphere, 2010,20(6):736-746.
[7] Zhang J H, Nie X J, Su Z A. Soil profile properties in relation to soil redistribution by intense tillage on a steep hillslope[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2008,72(6):1767-1773.
[8] Li F C, Zhang J H, Su Z A, et al. Simulation and 137Cs tracer show tillage erosion translocating soil organic carbon, phosphorus, and potassium[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2013,176(5):647-654.
[9] Zhang J H, Ni S J, Su Z A. Dual roles of tillage erosion in lateral SOC movement in the landscape[J]. European Journal of Soil Science, 2012,63(2):165-176.
[10] Zhang J H, Li F C, Wang Y, et al. Soil organic carbon stock and distribution in cultivated land converted to grassland in a subtropical region of China[J]. Environmental Management, 2014,53(2):274-283.
[11] De Alba S, Borselli L, Torri D, et al. Assessment of tillage erosion by mouldboard plough in Tuscany(Italy)[J]. Soil & Tillage Reseach, 2006,85(1/2):123-142.
[12] Zhang J H, Jia L Z, Zhang Z H, et al. Effect of the soil-implement contact area on soil translocation under hoeing tillage[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2018,183:42-50.
[13] 李富程,花小叶,王彬.紫色土坡地旋耕机耕作侵蚀特征[J].中国水土保持科学,2016,14(1):71-78.
[14] 李富程,花小叶,黄强.耕作深度对紫色土坡地旋耕机耕作侵蚀的影响[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(4):1-5.
[15] 李富程,花小叶,江仁涛,等.紫色土坡地土壤性质对耕作侵蚀的影响[J].水土保持通报,2016,36(4):152-157.
[16] 李富程,花小叶,赵丽,等.紫色土坡地犁耕方向对耕作侵蚀的影响[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(6):35-40.
[17] 李富程,江仁涛,花小叶.等高犁耕朝向对紫色土坡面土壤再分布的影响[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(3):106-111.
[18] Xu H C, Jia L Z, Zhang J H, et al. Combined effects of tillage direction and slope gradient on soil translocation by hoeing[J]. Catena, 2019,175:421-429.
[19] Li F C, Jiang R T, Ju Li. Influences of tillage operations on soil translocation over sloping land by hoeing tillage[J]. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 2018,64(3):430-440.
[20] Zhang J H, Wang Y, Jia L Z, et al. An interaction between vertical and lateral movements of soil constituents by tillage in a steep-slope landscape[J]. Catena, 2017,152:292-298.
[21] Wang Z L, Shao M A, Li Y. Study on the soil redistribution induced by tillage erosion in loess region of China[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2002,8(2):168-172.

相似文献/References:

[1]彭令发,郝明德,来璐.土壤有机氮组分及其矿化模型研究[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(01):46.
　PENG Ling-fa,HAO Ming-de,LAI Lu.Soil Organic Nitrogen Compounds and the Research of Its Mineralizable Models[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(05):46.
[2]李喜安,彭建兵,陈志新,等.湿陷性黄土地区土壤洞穴侵蚀研究[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(02):28.
　LI Xian,PENG Jianbing,CHEN Zhixin,et al.Study on Tunnel Erosion of Soil in Collapsing Loess Areas[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(05):28.
[3]林培喜,李德豪,周锡堂.微波消解法快速测定土壤中有机质的含量[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(02):135.
　LIN Peixi,LI Dehao,ZHOU Xitang.Detecting the Organic Content of Soil by Microwave Digestion[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(05):135.
[4]朱显谟.中国土壤科学复兴之道──献给我国土壤地理工作者[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(01):1.
　Zhu Xianmo.On the Renaissance Way of Soil Science in China─Present to Workers of Soil Geography[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(05):1.
[5]杨树,温雨金,刘鸿雁.内蒙古中部地区退耕还林还草后植被与土壤性状的变化[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(04):143.
　YANG Shu,WEN YU-jin,LIU Hong-yan.Ecological Effects of Mandatory Conversion of Marginal Farmland to Forestland and Grassland in Central Inner Mongolia[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(05):143.
[6]高迪,王占义,陈国清,等.草原煤矿排土场2种常用生物工程措施植被恢复效果评价[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(06):260.
　GAO Di,WANG Zhan-yi,CHEN Guo-qing,et al.Evaluation for Effectiveness of Vegetation Restoration of Two Kinds of Bio-engineering Measures commonly Used in Mine Dump in Grassland[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(05):260.
[7]李文娟,颜永毫,郑纪勇,等.生物炭对黄土高原不同质地土壤中NO3-N运移特征的影响[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(05):60.
　LI Wen-juan,YAN Yong-hao,ZHENG Ji-yong,et al.Effect of Biochar on the Transfer of Nitrate in Three Different Soils on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(05):60.
[8]史德明.水土保持与发展我国持续农业的关系[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(04):62.
　Shi Deming.Relationship of Soil and Water Conservation with Sustainable Agriculture in China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(05):62.
[9]刘柏根,何芳杆,梅宗焕.花岗岩侵蚀区山地绿肥种植试验研究[J].水土保持研究,1997,4(01):211.
　Liu Baigen,He Fanggan,Mei Zmphuan.Research on the Planting Green Manure in the Eroded Granite Mountain District[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1997,4(05):211.
[10]蒙仲举,王猛,高永,等.基于土壤粒度参数的荒漠草原地表粗粒化过程[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(06):22.
　MENG Zhongju,WANG Meng,GAO Yong,et al.Soil Coarse Graining Process Based on Surface Grain Size Distribution in Xilamuren Desert Steppe[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(05):22.

备注/Memo

收稿日期:2018-12-14;改回日期:2019-01-16。
基金项目:四川省财政专项“紫色土坡耕地水土保持耕作关键技术研究”（206040217123）；国家自然科学基金（41401301）；国家留学基金资助项目（201809390004）
作者简介:巨莉(1985-),女,四川雅安人,博士,高级工程师,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究。E-mail:juyongmei@126.com
通讯作者:李富程(1982-),男,吉林蛟河人,博士,副教授,主要从事农业生态与水土保持研究。E-mail:lfckind@163.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01