CHEN Chaoqun,WU Yu,WANG Jian,et al.Interconversion Process and the Proper Ratio of Artificial and Natural Oasis in the Upper Reaches of Tarim River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(02):176-182.
塔里木河上游人工与天然绿洲相互转化过程与适宜比例
- Title:
- Interconversion Process and the Proper Ratio of Artificial and Natural Oasis in the Upper Reaches of Tarim River Basin
- Keywords:
- artificial oasis; natural oasis; interconversion process; area ratio
- 分类号:
- X171.1
- 摘要:
- 通过对塔里木河上游1990-2010年人工绿洲和天然绿洲的变化规律及其比例进行分析，探讨了该区人工绿洲和天然绿洲的适宜配比。基于RS/GIS技术，利用1990年、2000年、2010年3期Landsat TM/ETM遥感影像，分别提取了土地利用/覆被类型信息，分析了人工与天然绿洲转化情况。结果表明：1990-2010年，塔里木河上游人工绿洲面积增长了1 458.69 km2，扩张速度为72.93 km2/a，天然绿洲减少了1 394.04 km2，减小速度为69.70 km2/a；1990-2010年，草地、林地等向耕地、人工建筑用地转化，高覆盖草地向中、低覆盖草地转化，中覆盖草地向低覆盖草地转化，灌木林地逐渐退化为草地，低覆盖草地向沙漠转化；近20年来塔里木河上游人工与天然绿洲面积比例在近20年呈增加的趋势，在1990年、2000年、2010年，人工与天然绿洲面积比值分别是2：8，2：8，3：7。1990-2010年，天然绿洲逐渐被人工绿洲替代，人工绿洲呈不断扩张、天然绿洲面积不断缩小，平均每增加1份人工绿洲面积就要失去0.7份天然绿洲面积。
- Abstract:
- This paper expected to analyze the changing rule and the ratio of the area of artificial and the natural oases in the upper reaches of Tarim River, and discussed the suitable area ratio of the artificial and natural oases. Based on the Landsat TM/ETM remote sensing image of the upper reaches of Tarim River, this paper extracted the land use/cover type information of 1990, 2000 and 2010. The results showed that from 1990 to 2010, the artificial oasis area increased by 1 458.69 km2, the expansion speed was 72.93 km2/year, and the natural oasis area decreased by 1 394.04 km2, and the decreasing speed was 69.70 km2/year; during the period from 1990 to 2010, grassland, forestland, presented the trend of changing into arable land and construction land; the vegetation growing was declining:high covered grassland changed into middle and low covered grassland, middle covered grassland changed into low covered grassland, shrub land gradually degraded to grassland, low covered grassland changed into the desert. The area ratio artificial oasis to natural oasis increased in recent 20 years, in 1990, 2000 and 2010, the area ratios of artificial oasis and natural oasis were 2:8, 2:8, 3:7, respectively; during the period from 1990 to 2010, artificial oasis area was expanding, natural oasis area was shrinking; the ratio of increase of artificial oasis area to decrease of natural oasis area was 1:0.7.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2017-1-31;改回日期:2017-3-16。
基金项目:水利部公益性行业科研专项（201501060）；国家自然科学基金（31400466）
作者简介:陈超群(1979-),男,湖北公安人,本科,高级工程师,主要从事环境影响评价、水土保持方面的工作。E-mail:278095264@qq.com
通讯作者:赵新风(1981-),女,河北保定人,硕士,主要从事恢复生态学方面的研究。E-mail:zxinfeng668@sohu.com