LIU Jigen,REN Hongyu,NIU Jun,et al.Response of Erosion and Sediment Yield to Soil and Water Conservation Measures in Small Watershed in Purple Soil Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(02):29-33.
紫色土区小流域侵蚀产沙对水土保持措施的响应
- Title:
- Response of Erosion and Sediment Yield to Soil and Water Conservation Measures in Small Watershed in Purple Soil Region
- Keywords:
- purple soil region; erosion and sediment yield; soil and water conservation measures; runoff; sediment
- 分类号:
- S157
- 摘要:
- 探讨降雨量与水土保持措施对流域水沙关系的影响，对流域水土流失预报和水土保持效益评价具有十分重要的科学意义，但在紫色土区这方面的研究还相当薄弱。以鹤鸣观小流域Ⅱ号支沟实测降雨径流泥沙数据为基础，分析了水土保持措施对流域径流、泥沙及水沙关系的影响。结果表明：流域治理后期，降雨产流量变化率、降雨产沙量变化率均减小，随着降雨的增多，水土保持措施对径流、产沙的影响效应增强；暴雨强度愈小，降雨量愈少，水土保持径流拦蓄作用愈显著；但降雨量愈大，泥沙拦蓄作用愈显著；流域减水量一般在30%~70%，而减沙量都高于90%，减沙量明显高于减水量；由于水土保持综合治理的作用，1989年后的多年平均径流量较1989年前减少33.11%，多年平均产沙量减少90.50%。
- Abstract:
- Discussing the effects of precipitation and erosion control practices on the watershed rainfall-runoff-sediment delivery relationships has the important scientific significance on the basin soil erosion prediction and benefit evaluation of soil and water conservation, but the research in purple soil area was very weak. Based on the measured rainfall runoff and sediment data in feeder drain Ⅱ in Hemingguan small watershed, effects of soil and water conservation measures on runoff, sediment and relationship between water and sediment were analyzed. The results showed that after treatment, rate of change of rainfall flow production and sediment yield reduced, and with rainfall increasing, the effect of soil and water conservation measures on runoff and sediment yield enhanced. The smaller the rainfall intensity is, the less precipitation is, and the more significant role of soil and water conservation in reducing runoff is. But the more precipitation is, the more significant role in trapping sediment is. Runoff reduction in small watershed was about 30%~70%, but sediment reduction was above 90%, which suggested that sediment reduction was apparently higher than runoff reduction. Due to the role of comprehensive control of soil and water conservation, the average runoff for many years after 1989 reduced by 33.11%, and the average sediment yield reduced by 90.50% compared to those before 1989.
参考文献/References:
[1] 李子君.潮河流域不同水土保持措施配置方案对年径流量的影响[J].水土保持通报,2010,30(1):108-112.
[2] 穆兴民,王文龙,徐学选.黄土高塬沟壑区水土保持对小流域地表径流的影响[J].水利学报,1999(2):71-75.
[3] 王国庆,兰跃东,张云,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区小流域水土保持措施的水文效应[J].水土保持学报,2002,16(5):87-89.
[4] 王飞,穆兴民,张晓萍,等.水土保持对偏关河径流和泥沙的影响分析[J].中国水土保持科学,2005,3(2):10-14.
[5] 周旭,穆兴民,张鑫,等.秃尾河流域水土保持措施对河流泥沙变化的影响[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(1):15-19.
[6] 晏清洪,原翠萍,雷廷武,等.降水和水土保持对黄土区流域水沙关系的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2013,11(4):9-16.
[7] 蔡强国,吴淑安.紫色土陡坡地不同土地利用对水土流失过程的影响[J].水土保持通报,1998,18(2):1-8,35.
[8] 刘刚才,朱波,代华龙,等.四川低山丘陵区紫色土不同土地利用类型的水蚀特征[J].水土保持学报,2001,15(6):96-99.
[9] 蒋光毅,史东梅,卢喜平,等.紫色土坡地不同种植模式下径流及养分流失研究[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(5):54-58,63.
[10] 王勇强,王玉宽,傅斌,等.不同耕作方式对紫色土侵蚀的影响[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(3):333-335.
[11] 刘纪根,李蓉.紫色土区土地利用类型与降水变化对水土流失的影响[J].长江科学院院报,2009,26(8):10-14,19.
[12] 邓贤贵.长江上游典型流域水土保持效益分析[J].水土保持通报,1998,18(2):68-70.
[13] 王学勤,韦红,何丙辉,等.鹤鸣观小流域综合治理减水减沙效益研究[J].土壤学报,2002,39(2):246-253.
[14] 刘刚才,游翔,张建辉,等.紫色土丘陵区小流域综合治理对水土保持的作用[J].山地学报,2007,25(5):590-595.
[15] 张晓明,曹文洪,余新晓,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区典型流域土地利用/覆被变化的径流调节效应[J].水利学报,2009,40(6):641-650.
[16] 许炯心.无定河流域侵蚀产沙过程对水土保持措施的响应[J].地理学报,2004,59(6):972-981.
[17] 刘淑燕,余新晓,信忠保,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区典型流域土地利用变化对水沙关系的影响[J].地理科学进展,2010,29(5):565-571.
相似文献/References:
[1]罗婷,王文龙,李宏伟,等.开发建设中扰动地面新增水土流失研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):30.
LUO Ting,LI Hong-wei,BAI Yun.Study on the Newly Occurred Soil and Water Loss on the Disturbed Lands in the Site of Development and Construction[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(02):30.
[2]王斌科,唐克丽.子午岭林区的植被破坏与侵蚀产沙特点[J].水土保持研究,1993,(01):68.
Wang Binke,Tang Keli.Characteristics of Vegetation Destruction by Human Beingand Soil Erosion and Yield Sediment in Ziwuling Forest Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1993,(02):68.
[3]吴普特,刘普灵,武春龙,等.坡面侵蚀垂直分布特征动态变化过程初步研究[J].水土保持研究,1997,4(02):41.
Wu Pute,Liu Puling,Wu Chuniong,et al.Study on the Changeable Process of Soil Erosion Spatial Distribution Characteristics on the Slope Surface[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1997,4(02):41.
[4]余新晓,秦永胜.森林植被对坡地不同空间尺度侵蚀产沙影响分析[J].水土保持研究,2001,8(04):66.
YU Xin-xiao,QIN Yong-sheng.Effect of Forest Cover on Sediment Yield Produced by Erosion in Different Spatial Scales[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2001,8(02):66.
[5]田磊,戴静,祁永刚.流域侵蚀产沙模型述评[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(04):77.
TIAN Lei,DAI Jing,QI Yong-gang.Comment on Model of Erosion and Sediment Production in Watershed[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(02):77.
[6]刘前进,蔡强国,刘纪根.不同空间尺度上侵蚀产沙模型研究[J].水土保持研究,2004,11(02):69.
LIU Qian-jin,CAI Qiang-guo,LIU Ji-gen.Study of Soil Erosion Modeling in Different Spatial Scales[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2004,11(02):69.
[7]王占礼,黄新会,牛振华.国内主要流域侵蚀产沙模型评述[J].水土保持研究,2004,11(04):28.
WANG Zhan-li,HUANG Xin-hui,NIU Zhen-hua.Review of Models of Soil Erosion and Sediment Yield in Catchment in China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2004,11(02):28.
[8]肖培青,郑粉莉,姚文艺.坡沟产沙关系及其侵蚀机理研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2004,11(04):101.
XIAO Pei-qing,ZHENG Fen-li,YAO Wen-yi.Research Progress on Relationship of Sediment Yield and Erosion Mechanism Between Hill Slope and Gully Slope System[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2004,11(02):101.
[9]陆中臣,陈劭锋,陈浩.黄土高原侵蚀产沙的地貌临界[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(01):1.
LU Zhong-chen,CHEN Shao-feng,CHEN Hao.The Geomorphic Thresholds of Erosional Sediment in the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(02):1.
[10]陈劭锋,陆中臣.黄土高原多沙粗沙区侵蚀产沙的临界问题[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(03):206.
CHEN Shao-feng,LU Zhong-chen.Thresholds of the Erosion Sediment Yield in the Area with Abundant and Coarse Sediment of the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(02):206.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2017-4-19;改回日期:2017-5-3。
基金项目:长江科学院基本科研业务费项目“三峡库区水土流失面源污染调控关键技术”（CKSF2017025/TB）；国家自然科学基金“三峡库区坡面多尺度植被格局对水土流失的影响机制”（41001166）
作者简介:刘纪根(1975-),男,湖北汉川人,博士,教授级高级工程师,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持、生态环境建设研究。E-mail:jigenliu@163.com