BO Guangtao,NIU Zhijun,GUO Yiqiang,et al.Effect of Terrain Gradient on Land Use Change in Basin of Mountains Typical District in Northwestern Hebei—A Case Study in Huailai County[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(01):226-231.
冀西北间山盆地区土地利用变化地形梯度效应——以河北省怀来县为例
- Title:
- Effect of Terrain Gradient on Land Use Change in Basin of Mountains Typical District in Northwestern Hebei—A Case Study in Huailai County
- Keywords:
- land use; terrain niche; distribution index; atlas information; Huailai County
- 分类号:
- F301.24
- 摘要:
- 为探究不同地形差异下土地利用的变化特点，探索不同梯度下自然和人为因素在土地利用变化过程中所起的作用，该文以冀西北间山盆地区怀来县为研究区，选取1987年、2005年以及2013年的Landsat-TM/ETM影像以及DEM数据为数据源，运用地学图谱分析法，研究不同时期的土地利用变化特点，揭示土地利用变化的成因以及机理，将坡度和高程数据相结合确定区域地形位指数，并结合土地利用信息图谱，探索不同地形梯度的土地利用分布以及变化特点。结果表明：（1）研究区近20年土地利用类型并未发生较大改变，土地利用结构仍以耕地、园地、林地以及未利用地为主；（2）研究区近20年斑块个数总体呈现上升的特点，平均斑块面积持续下降，破碎度逐步上升，且各地类的变化特点存在明显的差异；（3）研究区的土地利用变化主要是以稳定型图谱和后期变化型图谱为主，稳定变化型主要表现为林地—林地—林地，这与区域的林地面积分布较多有很大关系，后期变化型主要表现为耕地—耕地—园地，主要是由于园地效益好，土地利用方式由耕地变为园地；（4）土地利用变化在不同地形梯度上的分布呈现很强的规律性，前期变化型和后期变化型在低地形梯度上分布面积较大，在中低地形梯度上则以“林地—林地—林地”为主的稳定型图谱为主，而以“水域—其他用地—水域”为代表的反复变化型在中地形梯度上占显著的优势，随着海拔地势的升高，以及受人为、自然因素的影响，只有前期变化型和反复变化型的分布指数较高，土地利用类型则仅局限在林地和其他用地之间的转换。该文为今后怀来县土地资源的合理利用和科学规划提供依据与指导。
- Abstract:
- In order to explore the characteristics of changes in the land use of different terrains and explore the role of natural and human factors in the process of land use in different gradients, we took Huailai County in the basin of Northwest Hebei mountains as the research area, selected Landsat-TM/ETM image and DEM data in 1987, 2005 and 2013 as data source, used the geo mapping analytical method to examine the characteristics of changes in the land use in different periods, revealed the causes and mechanism of the changes in the land use, and explored the distribution and characteristics of land use in different terrain gradients by combining the slope and elevation data to determine the index of the regional terrain, also combining with the land use map information. The results show that: (1) the types of land use in the study area did not change greatly in the last 20 years, the structure of land use still mainly focuses on cultivated land, gardens, woodland and unused land; (2) in the recent 20 years, the number of plaques in the study area was rising in general and the number of average patch area continued to decline, the broken rate was rising gradually, there are obvious differences of the changes among different kinds of land; (3) the change of land use in the study area is mainly dominated by the stable map and later changing pattern, the stable change type mainly refers to forest—forest—forest, there is great relationship with the distribution of the forest area, the later type is cultivated land—cultivated land—garden, it’s mainly due to good profit, therefore, the land use pattern changes from farmland into the garden; (4) the change of land use showed a strong regularity in different terrain gradients, the early change type and the late change are common in the low topographic gradient, ‘forest—forest—land’ is main pattern of the stable map in the middle and low topographic gradient, the ‘waters—other land—waters’ is of the significant advantages in the topographic gradient. Along with increasing elevation, and affected by the anthropogenic and natural factors, only distribution indexes of changing type in the early period and the type of repeated changes are higher. The types of land use only change between woodland other lands. These results can provide the basis and guidance for the rational utilization and scientific planning of land resources in Huailai County in the future.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2016-04-18;改回日期:2016-06-01。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目“黑龙港流域土地整理项目碳排放及其影响机理研究”（41401201）
作者简介:薄广涛(1979-),男,河北巨鹿人,主要从事测绘、土地规划。E-mail:gtj4090567@163.com
通讯作者:郭义强(1980-),男,河北邢台人,博士,研究员,主要研究方向土地利用、土地整治。E-mail:guoyiqiang2002@126.com