WANG Huijing,WANG Hongxi,XIE Yuguang.Hydrology Functions and Water Holding Capacity of Forest Litter in Taihangshan Scenic Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(06):135-139,144.
太行山不同林型枯落物持水性及生态水文效应研究
- Title:
- Hydrology Functions and Water Holding Capacity of Forest Litter in Taihangshan Scenic Area
- Keywords:
- Taihangshan; forest; litter; soil; hydrology functions
- 分类号:
- S715.3
- 摘要:
- 研究了太行山不同林型枯落物物持水性及生态水文效应，结果表明：（1）灌丛和混交林未分解层占总厚度的一半以上，阔叶林和针叶林半分解层占总厚度的一半以上；枯落物总蓄积量大小排序为针叶林>混交林>阔叶林>灌丛，不同林型半分解层蓄积量均占总蓄积量一半以上，表明了高海拔枯落物分解速度比低海拔枯落物分解速度快。（2）不同林型枯落物半分解层和未分解层最大持水量、最大持水率、有效拦蓄率、有效拦蓄量和自然含水率随海拔的增加而增加，基本表现为针叶林>阔叶林>混交林>灌丛，并且未分解层高于半分解层；针叶林枯落物有效拦蓄能力最强，灌丛最弱，即高海拔拦蓄能力较强，低海拔较弱。（3）土壤容重随着海拔的增加而降低，依次表现为灌丛>混交林>阔叶林>针叶林；土壤总孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度和毛管孔隙度随海拔的增加而降低，其中毛管孔隙度在不同林型差异均不显著（p > 0.05）；土壤饱和含水量、有效调蓄空间、最大持水率、最大持水量和有效持水量随海拔的增加而增加，依次表现为针叶林>阔叶林>混交林>灌丛。（4）不同林型初渗速率与稳渗速率存在较好的幂函数关系，相关性分析结果显示土壤渗透性能与总孔隙度和非毛管孔隙度均为极显著正相关关系（p < 0.01），其中，非毛管孔隙状况对土壤渗透性的影响更为显著。综合分析表明：太行山森林水源涵养能力随海拔的增加而增加。
- Abstract:
- A preliminary study on hydrological effects of litter and soil was carried out at four different altitudes in Taihangshan scenic area. The results showed that:(1) the thickness of under-composed layer at different altitudes was more than half than that of total litter thickness, and semi-decomposed layer was more than half than that of total litter thickness, which decreased in the order:coniferous forest > mingled forest > broad-leaved forest > bushwood, and the total volume of litter increased with the increase of altitude, which suggested that litter decomposition speed was slow at low altitude and fast at high altitude; (2) the maximum capacity of soil moisture, the maximum rate of soil moisture, natural moisture rate, the effective rate of interception and the effective capacity of interception increased with the increase of altitude, which decreased in the order:coniferous forest > mingled forest > broad-leaved forest > bushwood and under-composed layer > semi-decomposed layer, and indicated that the water conservation ability was higher at high altitude and weaker at low altitude; (3) soil bulk density decreased with the increase of altitude, which decreased in the order:bushwood > broad-leaved forest > mingled forest > coniferous forest, and soil total porosity, noncapillary poropsity, capillary poropsity, soil maximum moisture rate, maximum water holding capacity, water holding capacity and effective reservoir space increased with the increase of altitude. which decreased in the order:coniferous forest > mingled forest > broad-leaved forest > bushwood; (4) correlation analysis showed that soil permeability was significantly positive correlated to soil total porosity and noncapillary poropsity (p < 0.01), and noncapillary poropsity had a more significant effect on soil permeability. Generally, the water conservation function gradually increased with the increase of altitude in Taihangshan scenic area forest.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2015-12-09;改回日期:2015-12-23。
基金项目:河北省社会科学基金项目（HB15YS015；HB15YS014；HB15YS016）
作者简介:王会京(1973-),男,河北磁县人,硕士,讲师,主要从事生态环境研究与设计。E-mail:Huijing_wang73@163.com