ZHAO Pengyu,FENG Wenyong,BU Xiuqin,et al.The Variation of Water Resources and the Influencing Factors of Hutuo River in Mountainous Regions in Recent 55 Years[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(01):128-132.
近55年来滹沱河山区水资源变化规律与影响因素
- Title:
- The Variation of Water Resources and the Influencing Factors of Hutuo River in Mountainous Regions in Recent 55 Years
- 分类号:
- TV211.1
- 摘要:
- 通过分析滹沱河山区自然地理背景和经济发展情况，可将其划分为3个水资源区：界河铺以上区域（Ⅰ区为成水用水环境）、界河铺至济胜桥之间区域（Ⅱ区为用水环境）、济胜桥以下至南庄区域（Ⅲ区为成水环境）。利用20世纪50年代以来水文、气象数据，探讨了近55 a以来滹沱河山区分区水资源演变规律。结果表明：滹沱河山区地表水资源逐年减少，70年代是该区正负距平的转折时期、地下水主要表现在Ⅰ、Ⅱ区忻定盆地地下水位逐年下降，平均每年下降1.04 m，且超采区面积有所增大；滹沱河山区水资源的减少是由气候变化与人类活动共同影响的。1980—2010年气候变化、水保活动、水利活动影响约分别占整个径流减少量的38.6%，26.4%，35.0%，人类活动合计约占61.4%；由于气候变化使Ⅰ区、Ⅱ区、Ⅲ区水资源分别以平均每年0.88%，0.61%，0.41%（算术平均）的速度减少；人类活动使Ⅰ区、Ⅱ区、Ⅲ区水资源分别以平均每年1.31%，1.14%，0.71%的速度减少，气候变化与人类活动对水资源变化影响程度具有相同明显的规律性：即从源头向下游影响程度逐渐减小；人类活动的2种方式具有明显区域差异性，水保活动影响程度大小顺序为Ⅲ区 > Ⅰ区 > Ⅱ区，水利活动影响程度大小顺序为Ⅱ区 > Ⅰ区 > Ⅲ区。
- Abstract:
- Through analyzing the natural geographical background economic development situation of Hutuo River, this paper divided it into three water resource areas: the region above Jiehepu (Ⅰ zone was forming and watering environment), the region between Jiehepu and Jisheng bridge (Ⅱ zone was watering environment), the region from Jisheng bridge to Nanzhuang (Ⅲ zone was watering environment). The paper probed the water resources evolution law of Hutuo River in mountainous area in recent 55 years by using the hydrological and meteorological data since 1950s. The result showed that the surface water resources reduced year by year in Hutuo River in mountainous area, and the turning period of the positive and negative anomaly was in the 1970s. The groundwater mainly reflected in the level declining year by year in Xinding basin. It dropped 1.04 m per year on average. And the exploitation district area increased. The decrease of water resources was affected jointly by climate change and human activities in Hutuo River in mountainous area. The influence of climate change, water conservation and water conservancy accounted for 38.6%,26.4%,35.0% of he declined total runoff, respectively. And human activities accounted for about 61.4%. Due to climate change, the water resources in Ⅰ zone, Ⅱ zone, Ⅲ zone reduced by the rates of 0.88%, 0.61%, 0.41%, respectively, per year on average. Human activities made the water resources respectively reduce by the rates of 1.31%,1.14% and 0.71% per year on average. Climate change and human activities on water resources changes had the same degree of obvious regularity: The impact degree decreased from the source to the downstream. Two ways of human activity had obvious regional differences. The influence size order of soil and water conservation activities was Ⅲ zone, Ⅰ zone, Ⅱ zone. And the influence size order of water conservancy project activities was Ⅱ zone, Ⅰ zone, Ⅲ zone.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2014-04-11;改回日期:2014-05-05。
基金项目:2012年山西省高等学校哲学社会科学研究项目“忻州市滹沱河流域生态保护研究”（20122212）；2012年忻州师范学院专题研究项目“忻州市滹沱河流域生态保护研究”（ZT201214）；2014年忻州师范学院专题研究项目“忻州市资源与生态承载力和生态安全评价研究”（ZT201405）；山西省高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地项目“五台山自然遗产的形成与保护研究”（2012330）；2013年山西省高校人文社科重点研究基地项目“五台山旅游生态环境研究”（2013336）
作者简介:赵鹏宇(1981-),男,山西保德人,硕士,讲师,主要从事水资源与生态保护方面研究。E-mail:497154516@qq.com
通讯作者:徐学选(1966-),男,陕西大荔人,博士导师,研究员,主要从事水土保持方面研究。E-mail:xuxuexuan@nwsuaf.edu.cn